Coral Castle

Coral Castle

Coral Castle (also known as Rock Gate)
Location Leisure City, Florida
Coordinates 25°30′1.227″N 80°26′41.9028″W / 25.50034083°N 80.444973000°W / 25.50034083; -80.444973000Coordinates: 25°30′1.227″N 80°26′41.9028″W / 25.50034083°N 80.444973000°W / 25.50034083; -80.444973000
Built 1920
NRHP Reference # 84000840[1]
Added to NRHP May 10, 1984

Coral Castle is an oolite limestone structure created by the Latvian American eccentric Edward Leedskalnin (1887–1951) located in Leisure City, Florida, in Miami-Dade County at the intersection of South Dixie Highway (U.S. 1) and SW 157th Avenue. The structure comprises numerous megalithic stones (mostly limestone formed from coral), each weighing several tons.[2] It is currently a privately operated tourist attraction. Coral Castle is noted for legends surrounding its creation that claim it was built single-handedly by Leedskalnin using reverse magnetism or supernatural abilities to move and carve numerous stones weighing many tons.[3]

History

According to the Coral Castle's own promotional material, Edward Leedskalnin was suddenly rejected by his 16-year-old fiancée Agnes Skuvst in Latvia, just one day before the wedding. Leaving for America, he came down with allegedly terminal tuberculosis, but spontaneously healed, stating that magnets had some effect on his disease.

Edward spent more than 28 years building the Coral Castle, refusing to allow anyone to view him while he worked. A few teenagers claimed to have witnessed his work, reporting that he had caused the blocks of coral to move like hydrogen balloons. The only tool that Leedskalnin spoke of using was a "perpetual motion holder".

Leedskalnin originally built a castle, which he named "Ed's Place," in Florida City, Florida, around 1923. He purchased the land from Ruben Moser whose wife assisted him when he had a very bad bout with tuberculosis.[4][5] Florida City, which borders the Everglades, is the southernmost city in the United States that is not on an island. It was an extremely remote location with very little development at the time. The castle remained in Florida City until about 1936 when Leedskalnin decided to move and take the castle with him to its final location at 28655 South Dixie Highway Miami, FL 33033. The Coral Castle website states that he chose to move in order to protect his privacy when discussion about developing land in the area of the castle started.[6] He spent three years moving the Coral Castle structures 10 miles (16 km) north from Florida City to its current location in Leisure City, Florida.

Leedskalnin named his new place "Rock Gate" after the huge rear swinging gate he built into the back wall. He continued to work on the castle up until his death in 1951. The coral pieces that are part of the newer castle, not among those transported from the original location, were quarried on the property only a few feet away from the castle's walls. The pool and the pit beside the southern wall are quarries. The east and west quarries have been filled in.

At Florida City, Leedskalnin charged visitors ten cents apiece to tour the castle grounds, but after moving to Homestead, he asked for donations of twenty five cents, but let visitors enter free if they had no money. There are signs carved into rocks at the front gate to "Ring Bell Twice." He would come down from his living quarters in the second story of the castle tower close to the gate and conduct the tour. Leedskalnin never told anyone who asked him how he made the castle. He would simply answer "It's not difficult if you know how."

When asked why he had built the castle, Leedskalnin would vaguely answer it was for his "Sweet Sixteen". This is widely believed to be a reference to Agnes Skuvst (whose often-misspelled surname "Scuffs" is not even a legitimately formed Latvian word). In Leedskalnin's own publication A Book in Every Home, he implies his "Sweet Sixteen" was more an ideal than a reality. According to a Latvian account, the girl existed, but her name was actually Hermīne Lūsis.[7]

When Leedskalnin became ill in November 1951, he put a sign on the door of the front gate "Going to the Hospital" and took the bus to Jackson Memorial Hospital in Miami. Leedskalnin suffered a stroke at one point, either before he left for the hospital or at the hospital. He died twenty-eight days later of Pyelonephritis (a kidney infection) at the age of 64. His death certificate noted that his death was a result of "uremia; failure of kidneys, as a result of the infection and abscess."[8]

While the property was being investigated, $3,500 was found among Leedskalnin's personal belongings. Leedskalnin had made his income from conducting tours, selling pamphlets about various subjects (including magnetic currents) and the sale of a portion of his 10-acre (4.0 ha) property for the construction of U.S. Route 1.[6] As Leedskalnin had no will, the castle became the property of his closest living relative in America, a nephew from Michigan named Harry.[9]

The Coral Castle website reports that the nephew was in poor health and he sold the castle to an Illinois family in 1953. However, this story differs from the obituary of a former Coral Castle owner, Julius Levin, a retired jeweler from Chicago, Illinois. The obituary states Levin had purchased the land from the state of Florida in 1952 and may not have been aware there was even a castle on the land.[10]

The new owners turned it into a tourist attraction and changed the name of Rock Gate to Rock Gate Park, and later to Coral Castle.[11]

In January 1981, Levin sold the castle to Coral Castle, Inc., for $175,000.[12] The company retains ownership today.

In 1984, the property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.[1] It was added under the name of "Rock Gate", but the name on the list was changed to "Coral Castle" in 2011.[13]

The stone sign just inside the property that says "Adm. 10c Drop Below" is not original to Coral Castle. Ed made this sign and placed it in front of his earlier location at Florida City when he tired of giving a "free show" to visitors who were careless and trampled his shrubbery. This sign was donated by the owners of Ed's Place and placed here in recent years.

The Castle

A view from within Leedskalnin's Coral Castle.
The Thirty Ton Stone.

The grounds of Coral Castle consist of 1,100 short tons (1,000 t) of stones in the form of walls, carvings, furniture and a castle tower. Commonly believed to be made of coral, it is made of oolite, also known as oolitic limestone. Oolite is a sedimentary rock composed of small spherical grains of concentrically layered carbonate that may include localized concentrations of fossil shells and coral. Oolite is found throughout southeastern Florida from Palm Beach County to the Florida Keys.[14] Oolite is often found beneath only several inches of topsoil, such as at the Coral Castle site.

The stones are fastened together without mortar. They are set on top of each other using their weight to keep them together. The craftsmanship detail is so skillful and the stones are connected with such precision that no light passes through the joints. The 8-foot (2.4 m) tall vertical stones that make up the perimeter wall have a uniform height. Even with the passage of decades and a direct hit on August 24, 1992, by the Category 5 Hurricane Andrew, the stones have not shifted.

Many of the features and carvings of the castle are notable. Among them are a two-story castle tower that served as Leedskalnin's living quarters (walls consisting of 8-foot-high pieces of stone); an accurate sundial; a Polaris telescope; an obelisk; a barbecue; a water well; a fountain; celestial stars and planets; and numerous pieces of furniture. The furniture pieces include a heart-shaped table, a table in the shape of Florida, twenty-five rocking chairs, chairs resembling crescent moons, a bathtub, beds and a throne.

With few exceptions, the objects are made from single pieces of stone that weigh on average 15 short tons (14 t) each. The largest stone weighs 30 short tons (27 t) and the tallest are two monoliths standing 25 ft (7.6 m) each.

A 9-short-ton (8.2 t) revolving 8-foot tall gate is a famous structure of the castle, documented on the television programs In Search of...[15] and That's Incredible!.[16] The gate is carved so that it fits within a quarter of an inch of the walls. It was well-balanced, reportedly so that a child could open it with the push of a finger. The mystery of the gate's perfectly balanced axis and the ease with which it revolved lasted for decades until it stopped working in 1986. In order to remove it, six men and a 50-short-ton (45 t) crane were used. Once the gate was removed, the engineers discovered how Leedskalnin had centered and balanced it. He had drilled a hole from top to bottom and inserted a metal shaft. The rock rested on an old truck bearing. It was the rusting out of this bearing that resulted in the gate's failure to revolve. Complete with new bearings and shaft, it was set back into place on July 23, 1986.[17] It failed in 2005 and was again repaired; however, it does not rotate with the same ease it once did.

The Coral Castle remains a popular tourist attraction. Books, magazines and television programs speculate about how Leedskalnin was able to construct the structure and move stones that weigh many tons. Claims that nobody had ever seen Ed at work and that Ed levitated his stones have been repudiated. Orval Irwin, author of Mr. Can't Is Dead, witnessed Ed quarry his stones and erect parts of his wall, and illustrated the methods in his book. The Nemith Film Collection produced a short film documentary in 1944 of Ed at work. The Coral Castle website states that, "If anyone ever questioned Ed about how he moved the blocks of coral, Ed would only reply that he understood the laws of weight and leverage well."[6] He also stated that he had "discovered the secrets of the pyramids".[18]

In popular culture

See also

References

  1. 1 2 Staff (2009-03-13). "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service.
  2. ↑ "Coral Castle Review and Ratings of Sights in Miami". New York Times Travel. Frommer's Review
  3. ↑ Stollznow, Karen. "Coral castle: fact and folklore.". Skeptical Inquirer. Retrieved 1 September 2011.
  4. ↑ "City of Florida City". City of Florida City. Archived from the original on October 6, 2007. Retrieved November 3, 2015.
  5. ↑ "City History". City of Florida City. Retrieved November 3, 2015.
  6. 1 2 3 "Who's Ed?". Coral Castle. Retrieved 9 October 2010. Ed was a very private person and when he heard about a planned subdivision being built near him he decided to move to Homestead and in 1936 bought 10 acres of land.
  7. ↑ Stollznow, Karen. "Coral Castle Fact and Folklore", Skeptical Inquirer January/February 2010, pp. 49-53
  8. ↑ "Coral Castle: The Mystery of Ed Leedskalnin and his American Stonehenge by best-selling author Rusty McClure and Jack Heffron". Coralcastlebook.com. Retrieved 2014-05-19.
  9. ↑ William Stansfield. "The Enigma of Coral Castle". Skeptic 12 (2). Chapter: Ancient and Modern Megaliths.
  10. ↑ "Julius Levin obituary". Chicago Sun-Times. April 14, 1990. Retrieved 2008-08-20.
  11. ↑ "Coral Castle". SouthFlorida.com. Retrieved 2008-07-20.
  12. ↑ "Warranty Deed for Coral Castle". County Records. Miami-Dade County Clerk. Archived from the original on December 14, 2007. Retrieved 2008-08-20.
  13. ↑ Recent Listings April 15, 2011, National Park Service, 2010-04-02. Accessed 2011-06-11.
  14. ↑ Miami Limestone, Florida Department of Environmental Protection
  15. 1 2 "The Castle of Secrets (a.k.a. Coral Castle)". In Search of... Season 5. Retrieved November 2, 2015.
  16. ↑ "That's Incredible!". That's Incredible!. March 3, 1980.
  17. ↑ 9 Ton Gate. 2006-11-22. Retrieved 2014-05-19.
  18. ↑ Radford, Benjamin (28 March 2006). "The Mysterious Coral Castle: A Fanciful Myth". Live Science & Skeptical Inquirer. Retrieved 2008-08-20.
  19. ↑ "The Wild Women of Wongo : George R. Black : Free Download & Streaming : Internet Archive". Archive.org. Retrieved 2014-05-19.
  20. ↑ "CORAL CASTLE CONSTRUCTION - How One Man Created a Megalithic Wonder: John Martin: 9780988429703: Amazon.com: Books". Amazon.com. Retrieved 2014-05-19.

Bibliography

External links

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