Pérez Art Museum Miami

Pérez Art Museum Miami
Location within Miami
Established 1984
Location 1103 Biscayne Boulevard
Miami, Florida, United States 33132
Formerly at:
101 West Flagler Street
Coordinates 25°47′09″N 80°11′12″W / 25.785894°N 80.186705°W / 25.785894; -80.186705
Type Art museum
Visitors 150,000 (2013-2014)
Director Thom Collins
Public transit access Museum Park station (Metromover), Metrorail via Metromover transfer at Government Center station
Website PAMM Website

The Pérez Art Museum Miami (PAMM) is a contemporary art museum that relocated in 2013 to the Museum Park in Downtown Miami, Florida. Founded in 1984 as the Center for the Fine Arts, it became known as the Miami Art Museum from 1996 until it was renamed in 2013 upon the opening its new building designed by Herzog & de Meuron at 1103 Biscayne Boulevard. PAMM, along with the $275 million Patricia Frost Museum of Science and a city park which are being built in the area with completion scheduled for 2015, is part of the 20-acre Museum Park (formerly Bicentennial Park).[1]

Since the opening of the new museum building at Museum Park, the museum has seen record attendance levels with over 150,000 visitors in its first four months. The museum had originally anticipated over 200,000 visitors in its first year at the new location.[2] At its former location on Flagler Street, the museum received on average about 60,000 visitors annually.[3]

Pérez Art Museum Miami (PAMM) is directly served by rapid transit at Museum Park Metromover station.

History

Miami-Dade Cultural Center

former museum building/location

The Center for the Fine Arts opened in the downtown Miami-Dade Cultural Center, a 1983 Spanish-style barn and[4] the first of three buildings to be unveiled in a $24 million county-owned complex designed by Philip Johnson.[5] The museum was built at 101 West Flagler Street in the same Miami Cultural Plaza as HistoryMiami and the Miami-Dade Public Library. The opening's delay of more than a year was occasioned by a $16.5 million renovation of the smoke evacuation system for the complex.[5] Founded as a hall for traveling shows, the $6 million[5] fine arts center did not start acquiring art until 1996.[6] But its efforts were constrained by little storage or exhibition space.[7] The Miami Art Museum was founded in 1996 as a successor to the Center for the Fine Arts.[8]

Jorge M. Pérez Art Museum of Miami-Dade County

In November 2010, construction began on the new MAM building in Museum Park in Downtown Miami. The building is designed by Swiss architects Herzog and de Meuron,[9] who were hired by Terence Riley, director of the museum in 2009, when plans were made. The structure is meant to resemble Stiltsville,[10] which is the name given to a group of wooden houses built on stilts that stand off the coast of Key Biscayne in Biscayne Bay. The new museum building was built alongside the new Miami Science Museum building at the redesigned park. The three-story building[11] has 200,000 square feet, composed of 120,000 interior square footage, and 80,000 exterior square footage. Inside the museum, display spaces can be illuminated by floor-to-ceiling windows, which can also be blocked off. Otherwise the rooms get clinically even light delivered by strips of fluorescent tubes, though spotlights can also be used.[4] A grand staircase — nearly the entire 180-foot width of the platform — connects it to the waterfront.[12] Thick, sound-absorbing curtains cordon off one large or two small areas of the stair for programs.[4] With their raised, wraparound terraces and broad overhanging canopies, the houses are conceived to withstand hurricanes and floods, while providing ample shade and ventilation. The museum also incorporates a series of hanging vertical gardens made from local plants and vegetation, designed by French botanist Patrick Blanc.[13] The new MAM building opened in December 2013, and the Miami Science Museum building should open between 2015 and 2016.[14]

To build the new $131-million[4] museum building, the MAM entered into a public-private partnership with the City of Miami and Miami-Dade County. The location on Biscayne Bay was provided by the City of Miami. The museum cost $220 million to build, with $100 million coming from Miami-Dade voters in general obligation bond funding,[15] and $120 million from private donors. As of mid-2011, private donors had committed more than $50 million in additional support for the building and institutional endowment. Jorge M. Pérez, longtime trustee and collector of Latin American art, made a gift of $35 million, to be paid in full over ten years,[16] to support the campaign for the new museum, which was in turn renamed the Jorge M. Pérez Art Museum of Miami-Dade County.[17] The new MAM location is intended to transform Museum Park into a central destination on Miami's cultural map, promote progressive arts education, build community cohesiveness, and contribute substantially to downtown revitalization.[18]

Renaming controversy

The renaming of the museum after Pérez incited a significant amount of controversy. Indeed, several board members resigned in protest.[19] Some issues brought up by opponents of the move include the fact that the new name is permanent with no opt-out clause[19] and the fact that the city of Miami had donated the land for the museum and that the city and county taxpayers had paid for $100 million of the museum's capital campaign, compared to Pérez's $40 million gift.[20] Additionally, there have been ongoing concerns that the new name could deter similarly generous or even greater donations from other parties in the future, which could constrict the anticipated growth of the museum's collection.[21]

Architecture

Herzog & de Meuron's design for the new building has drawn critical acclaim.[22] For example, the Wall Street Journal stressed that their design could be instrumental in making the museum a destination[23] and the New York Times called the design "spectacular"[24]

Collection

The Pérez Art Museum has been collecting art since 1996. The focus of the museum is 20th century and contemporary art, as well as cultures of the Atlantic Rim, which it defines as the Americas, Western Europe and Africa.[25] At the time of the new building's opening, the museum's holdings included 1,800 objects, nearly 500 of which were acquired in 2013, including pieces by John Baldessari, Olafur Eliasson and Dan Flavin.[25] In its permanent collections, there are second half of the Twentieth Century and Contemporary works by Purvis Young, Joseph Cornell, Kehinde Wiley, James Rosenquist, Frank Stella, and Kiki Smith. Much of the museum’s current collection has been donated,[26] with 110 works coming from Jorge M. Pérez,[27] among them pieces by the Cuban painters José Bedia Valdés and Wifredo Lam, as well as the Mexican artists Diego Rivera and Damian Ortega, the Uruguayan Joaquín Torres-García and the Colombian Beatriz González.[28] In 2013, museum trustee and Miami developer Craig Robins pledged 102 paintings, photographs, sculptures and other works from his personal collection.[15]

In 2012, Pérez pledged $500,000 to establish an acquisitions fund for African-American art, matched shortly after by the Miami-based John S. and James L. Knight Foundation. In 2014, the museum launched the Ambassador of African American Art programme, its first-ever affiliate group, which invites donors to contribute directly to the fund.[29]

Máximo Caminero protest

In February 2014, a local Floridian artist, Máximo Caminero, destroyed a coloured vase by the Chinese artist Ai Weiwei in protest at Pérez Art Museum Miami's lack of displays by local artists.[30] The value of the vase was estimated at $1 million.[30] Caminero was subsequently arrested and charged with criminal mischief.[30] Pérez Art Museum Miami (PAMM) released a statement on February 17, 2014 in response to the incident..."We have the highest respect for freedom of expression, but this destructive act of vandalism is disrespectful to another artist and his work, to Pérez Art Museum Miami, and to our community..." In March 2014, Caminero’s lawyer, Miami attorney John de León, entered a not-guilty plea [31] on behalf of his client. Caminero subsequently pled guilty to one charge of criminal mischief and was sentenced to 18 months of probation and 100 hours of community service. He will also be banned from visiting the museum during the period of his probation.[32]

Management

Attendance

After the opening of the new museum building, the museum has seen over 150,000 visitors in its first four months and 300,000 visitors in its first 12 months.[33] According to The Art Newspaper’s annual survey of museum attendance, the "old" Miami Art Museum (PAMM's predecessor) attracted 54,295 visitors in 2012 — a weak showing in a metropolitan area with a population of five million people.[34]

Budget

As the Miami Art Museum, the museum had an annual operating budget of $6 million. After the inauguration of the new building and the museum's renaming, the budget increased to $16 million per annum, with a rapid increase of staff and curators.[2] In 2013-14, Miami-Dade County provided $2.5 million of this (up from $1.9 million the previous year).[33]

References

  1. ↑ Work of Art; Pérez Art Museum Miami February 2014 page 24 Florida Trend
  2. 1 2 http://www.miamitodaynews.com/2014/04/09/art-museums-rapid-success-step-road-greatness/
  3. ↑ http://www.miamiherald.com/2010/08/15/v-fullstory/1774783/mams-new-man-thom-collins-has.html
  4. 1 2 3 4 James S. Russell (November 22, 2013), Perez Goes Tropical With $131 Million Art Oasis in Miami Bloomberg.
  5. 1 2 3 Grace Glueck (January 12, 1984), A $6 Million Arts Centers Opens In Miami New York Times.
  6. ↑ Hannah Sampson (February 5, 2013), With Scholl donations, Pérez Art Museum’s collection grows by hundreds Miami Herald.
  7. ↑ Andres Viglucci (November 30, 2013), Miami readies its new front porch: the $131 million Perez Art Museum Miami Herald.
  8. ↑ Robin Pogrebin (November 30, 2007), Miami Art Museum to Unveil Design for New Building New York Times.
  9. ↑ Caroline Roux (November 29, 2013), Architect Christine Binswanger on Pérez Art Museum Miami Financial Times.
  10. ↑ http://artassets.com/a-sneak-preview-of-the-jorge-m-perez-art-museum-pamm/
  11. ↑ Roberta Smith (November 27, 2013), Whitish Gray, Also Quite Green New York Times.
  12. ↑ Nicolai Ouroussoff (November 23, 2009), Matching Architecture to the Art in a New Miami Museum New York Times.
  13. ↑ Pei-Ru Keh (April 29, 2013), Under construction: Pérez Art Museum Miami by Herzog & de Meuron Wallpaper.
  14. ↑ http://www.miamiartmuseum.org/museum_park.asp
  15. 1 2 Evan S. Benn (November 20, 2013), More gifts pour in as Pérez Art Museum Miami prepares to open Miami Herald.
  16. ↑ Hannah Sampson (February 12, 2011), Developer Jorge M. Pérez gives $35 million naming donation to Miami Art Museum Miami Herald.
  17. ↑ Fred Bernstein (March 14, 2012), Who Wants to Donate to a Billionaire’s Museum? New York Times.
  18. ↑ http://www.miamiartmuseum.org/press.asp
  19. 1 2 Robin Pogrebin (December 6, 2011), Resisting renaming of a Miami Museum New York Times.
  20. ↑ Amanda McCorquodale (December 2, 2011), Miami Art Museum Spurns Taxpayers, Sells Naming Rights to Developer Jorge Pérez Huffington Post.
  21. ↑ Julie V. Iovine (December 10, 2013), The Pérez Art Museum Miami: Built for People Wall Street Journal.
  22. ↑ Markus Breitschmid Archaisch und dock spezifisch. Herzog & de Meuron's Pérez Art Museum Miami, in: Archithese. International Review for Architecture, Zurich (Switzerland), 4/2015, 54-61
  23. ↑ Peter Plagens (December 10, 2013), Pérez Art Museum Miami: Where Art Will (Hopefully) Come Later Wall Street Journal.
  24. ↑ Patricia Cohen (December 4, 2013), Miami's Museum Challenge: The Beach New York Times.
  25. 1 2 Mike Boehm (December 4, 2013), Ai Weiwei retrospective highlights opening of new Miami art museum Los Angeles Times.
  26. ↑ Nick Madigan (February 18, 2014), Behind the Smashing of a Vase New York Times.
  27. ↑ Claire Wrathall (December 5, 2013), What's in a name? The Pérez Art Museum Miami Daily Telegraph.
  28. ↑ Patricia Cohen (December 4, 2013), Miami Museum’s Challenge: The Beach New York Times.
  29. ↑ Julia Halperin (December 2, 2014), Miami leads the way as museums fill in the gaps The Art Newspaper.
  30. 1 2 3 "Florida artist smashes $1m vase by Chinese dissident artist Ai Weiwei". Associated Press via The Guardian. 17 February 2014. Retrieved 17 February 2014.
  31. ↑ "Artist pleads not guilty in Ai Weiwei vase smashing," Local10.com, March 17, 2014
  32. ↑ "Man who broke art museum vase pleads guilty," Local10.com, August 13, 2014
  33. 1 2 Cristina Ruiz (December 3, 2014), Who will pay for Miami’s new and improved museums? The Art Newspaper.
  34. ↑ Georgina Adam (December 4, 2013), A museum for all seasons? The Art Newspaper.

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