Charles Longley

The Most Reverend and Right Honourable Charles Longley
Archbishop of Canterbury
In office	1862–27 October 1868
Predecessor	John Sumner
Successor	Archibald Tait
Personal details
Born	1794 Rochester, Kent, United Kingdom
Died	27 October 1868 Addington, Surrey, UK
Buried	St Mary the Blessed Virgin Church, Addington, London

Charles Thomas Longley (28 July 1794 – 27 October 1868)^[1] was a bishop in the Church of England. He served as Bishop of Ripon, Bishop of Durham, Archbishop of York and Archbishop of Canterbury from 1862 until his death.

Life

He was born at Rochester, Kent, the fifth son of the late John Longley, Recorder of Rochester,^[2] and educated at Westminster School and Christ Church, Oxford.^[3] He was ordained in 1818, and was appointed vicar of Cowley, Oxford, in 1823. In 1827, he received the rectory of West Tytherley, Hampshire, and two years later he was elected headmaster of Harrow School. He held this office until 1836, when he was consecrated bishop of the new see of Ripon. In 1856 he became Bishop of Durham, and in 1860 he became Archbishop of York.

In 1862, he succeeded John Sumner as Archbishop of Canterbury. Soon afterwards the questions connected with the deposition of John William Colenso were referred to Longley but, while regarding Colenso's opinions as heretical and his deposition as justifiable, he refused to pronounce upon the legal difficulties of the case.

The chief event of his primacy was the meeting at Lambeth, in 1867, of the first Pan-Anglican conference of British, colonial and foreign bishops. His published works included numerous sermons and addresses. He died at Addington Park, near Croydon.

Like Sumner, he was a member of the Canterbury Association from 27 March 1848.^[4]

Family

A photograph of Charles Thomas Longley by Charles Dodgson (Lewis Carroll).

As Headmaster of Harrow School, he married Caroline Sophia Parnell on 15 December 1831. Her brother George Damer Parnell was the curate of Ash, 1859–1861. Parnell was the daughter of Henry Parnell, 1st Baron Congleton.^[5] They had several children, three sons and three daughters,^[6] of whom:

1. Henry Longley (28 November 1833 – 25 December 1899), served as Chief Charity Commissioner for the British government.^[7] He married Diana Eliza Davenport (fl. 1905), daughter of John Davenport of Foxley, Herefordshire, on 17 September 1861.^[6]

1.1. John Augustine Longley, served as assistant private secretary to the Lord Privy Seal and married, on 26 May 1898, Louisa Katherine Scott, daughter of John Scott, 3rd Earl of Eldon. There was no issue listed for the marriage, nor a birthdate for John Augustine Longley.

2. & 3. Two younger sons died apparently unmarried.

4. Mary Henrietta Longley married — on 9 December 1858 — George Winfield Bourke (died 9 October 1903), Honorary Chaplain to the Monarch, and son of Robert Bourke, 5th Earl of Mayo. Their only child was Walter Longley Bourke, 8th Earl of Mayo (28 November 1859–1939); from 1891 to 1903, he was a Trustee of the Bridgewater Estates. Walter had married in 1887, and had issue, four sons and two daughters, by 1905.^[6] Walter's second son was Ulick Henry Bourke, 9th Earl of Mayo (1890–1962), and third son Bryan Longley Bourke (1897–1961) was father of Terence Bourke, 10th Earl of Mayo (1929–2006), himself father of the present Earl.

5. Caroline Georgina Longley (died 30 October 1867) married, on 6 November 1862,^[8] (as his 1st wife) Edward Levett (18 December 1832 – 28 December 1899), major in the 10th Royal Hussars, of Wychnor Park and Packington Hall, Staffordshire, third son of John Levett and his wife Sophia Kennedy, granddaughter of Archibald Kennedy, 11th Earl of Cassilis. They had issue 2 daughters, both of whom married and had issue.^[9]

Charles Thomas Longley, by George Richmond, c. 1862

6. Rosamond Esther Harriett Longley (died 1936) married, 1870, Cecil Thomas Parker (1845–1931), 2nd son of Thomas Parker, 6th Earl of Macclesfield by his 2nd wife Mary Frances Grosvenor, a sister of Hugh Grosvenor, 1st Duke of Westminster, and had issue 4 sons and 2 daughters. Their elder daughter Caroline Beatrix Parker (1875–1961) married, 1895, William Bridgeman, 1st Viscount Bridgeman, of Leigh, Shropshire in 1929, PC (1864–1935), only child of John Orlando Bridgeman, Rector of Weston-under-Lizard (himself 3rd and youngest son of George Bridgeman, 2nd Earl of Bradford) by his wife Marianne Caroline Clive, daughter of William Clive, and left issue, including the present Viscount.^[10] The fourth and youngest son Wilfrid Parker (1883–1966) became Bishop of Pretoria, South Africa. A granddaughter (by the 3rd son Geoffrey) Isolda Rosamond Parker (1918–2014) married, 1940, David Pollock, 2nd Viscount Hanworth (1916–1996) and is mother of the present peer.^[11]

Notes

1. "J. R. Garrard, ‘Longley, Charles Thomas (1794–1868)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography". Oxford University Press, 2004. Retrieved 6 June 2008.
2. "Obituary: Charles Thomas Longley, D.D., Archbishop of Canterbury" The New York Times, 29 October 1868, p. 4, (citation only). Retrieved 3 December 2008
3. "Alumni oxonienses: the members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886, vol.3".
4. Blain, Rev. Michael (2007). The Canterbury Association (1848-1852): A Study of Its Members’ Connections (PDF). Christchurch: Project Canterbury. pp. 51–52. Retrieved 23 March 2013.
5. Leslie Morgan. "A Victorian Curate of Ash and his Brother-in-law's Letter" St Peter and St Paul, Ash Church Website. Portarlington is misspelled Porterlington. Retrieved 3 December 2008
6. Marquis of Ruvigny & Raineval The Plantagenet Roll of the Blood Royal: The Clarence Volume, Containing the Descendants of George, Duke of Clarence p. 287. Published by Genealogical Publishing Com, 1994 ISBN 0-8063-1432-X, 9780806314327. Originally published: London : T.C. & E.C. Jack, 1905. All details below are from this source, unless cited otherwise.
7. Memorial wall tablet in the church of St Mary the Blessed Virgin Mary, Addington, Surrey
8. The Annual Register, J. & F.H. Rivington, London, 1862
9. Marquis de Ruvigny, Raineval Staff The Plantagenet Roll of the Blood Royal: The Clarence Volume and Clarence Volume, p. 287, reprinted by Genealogical Publishing Company, 1994. Retrieved 3 December 2008. The date of Caroline Georgina's marriage is not given by Ruvigny, nor is her birthdate.
10. Clarence Volume, p. 287, reprinted by Genealogical Publishing Company, 1994. Retrieved 3 December 2008. Also see Conqueror – William 165 and Conqueror – William 176. Retrieved 3 December 2008
11. Conqueror – William 50 to 52. Retrieved 3 December 2008

References

• Archbishop of Canterbury: Better Bishops for the sake of a better Church (Archived)
•  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Longley, Charles Thomas". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
• "Obituary: Charles Thomas Longley, D.D., Archbishop of Canterbury" The New York Times, 29 October 1868, p. 4, (citation only)

External links

• Bibliographic directory from Project Canterbury
• Archbishop Longley's papers are held at Lambeth Palace Library
•  Boase, George Clement (1893). "Longley, Charles Thomas". In Lee, Sidney. Dictionary of National Biography 34. London: Smith, Elder & Co.