County-controlled city
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A county-controlled city, or county-administered city, (Chinese: 縣轄市; pinyin: xiànxiáshì) is a third level administrative division of Taiwan. On the same level as a Taiwanese township, it is the lowest-level city of Taiwan, below provincial city and special municipality. There are 14 county-controlled cities currently. A county-controlled city has urban villages (里) directly under it.
The two criteria of gaining county-administered city status:
- population between 100,000 and 500,000[1] (except county seats in Taiwan Province)
- advanced industry and commerce, sufficient funds, and advanced infrastructure
The population criterion was originally 50,000 in the 1940s, but was raised to 100,000 in 1959, again in 1977 to 150,000, and in 2015 it was lower back to 100,000.
At first, in late January 1946, there were only two county-controlled cities: Hualien and Yilan, which were both prefecture-controlled cities (州轄市) under Japanese Rule. (The ROC government did not create such cities on the Mainland before they relocated to Taiwan.) Currently Changhua County and Chiayi County have the most county-controlled cities with two each. For current county-controlled cities, see the table below:
County-administered cities in Taiwan
Romanization[2] | Chinese | Pinyin[2] | Wade–Giles | Tongyong Pinyin | Pe̍h-ōe-jī | Pha̍k-fa-sṳ | County | Establishment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Changhua | 彰化市 | Zhānghuà Shì | Chang¹-hua⁴ | Jhanghuà | Chiong-hòa | Chông-fa | Changhua | 1951-12-01 |
Douliu | 斗六市 | Dǒuliù Shì | Tou³-liu⁴ | Dǒuliòu | Táu-la̍k | Téu-liuk | Yunlin | 1981-12-25 |
Hualien | 花蓮市 | Huālián Shì | Hua¹-lien² | Hualián | Hoa-liân | Fâ-lièn | Hualien | 1946-01-16 |
Magong | 馬公市 | Mǎgōng Shì | Ma³-kung¹ | Mǎgong | Má-keng | Mâ-kûng | Penghu | 1981-12-25 |
Miaoli | 苗栗市 | Miáolì Shì | Miao²-li⁴ | Miáolì | Biâu-le̍k | Mèu-li̍t | Miaoli | 1981-12-25 |
Nantou | 南投市 | Nántóu Shì | Nan²-t'ou² | Nántóu | Lâm-tâu | Nàm-thèu | Nantou | 1981-12-25 |
Pingtung | 屏東市 | Píngdōng Shì | P'ing²-tung¹ | Píngdong | Pîn-tong | Phìn-tûng | Pingtung | 1951-12-01 |
Puzi | 朴子市 | Pūzǐ Shì | P'u¹-tzu³ | Puzǐh | Phò-chú | Phú-chṳ́ | Chiayi | 1992-09-10 |
Taibao | 太保市 | Tàibǎo Shì | T'ai⁴-pao³ | Tàibǎo | Thài-pó | Thai-pó | Chiayi | 1991-07-01 |
Taitung | 臺東市 | Táidōng Shì | T'ai²-tung¹ | Táidong | Tâi-tang | Thòi-tûng | Taitung | 1976-01-01 |
Toufen | 頭份市 | Tóufèn Shì | T'ou²-fên⁴ | Tóufèn | Thâu-hūn | Thèu-fun | Miaoli | 2015-10-05 |
Yilan | 宜蘭市 | Yílán Shì | I²-lan² | Yílán | Gî-lân | Ngì-làn | Yilan | 1946-01-16 |
Yuanlin | 員林市 | Yuánlín Shì | Yüan²-lin² | Yuánlín | Oân-lîm | Yèn-lìm | Changhua | 2015-08-08 |
Zhubei | 竹北市 | Zhúběi Shì | Chu²-pei³ | Jhúběi | Tek-pak | Tsuk-pet | Hsinchu | 1988-10-31 |
Townships with more 90,000
Timeline
Below, unless noted otherwise in parenthesis, the newly created cities were towns that exceeded the 150,000 criteria.
Date | Addition | Removal | No. | Description |
---|---|---|---|---|
January, 1946 | Hualien Yilan | 2 | Reform from the prefectural cities (州轄市; Zhōuxiá Shì) in the period under Japanese rule. | |
August 16, 1950 | Chiayi | 3 | Downgraded from provincial city (省轄市; Shěngxiá Shì). | |
December 1, 1951 | Changhua Hsinchu Pingtung | 6 | Downgraded from provincial cities (省轄市; Shěngxiá Shì). | |
April 1, 1962 | Sanchong | 7 | The population requirement of county-controlled cities is set to 100,000. Originally urban township (鎮; Zhèn). | |
July 1, 1967[3] | Zhongli | 8 | Originally urban township (鎮; Zhèn). | |
April 21, 1971[4] | Taoyuan | 9 | Originally urban township (鎮; Zhèn). | |
July 1, 1972 | Banqiao Fengshan | 11 | Originally urban townships (鎮; Zhèn). | |
January 1, 1976 | Taitung | 12 | Originally urban township (鎮; Zhèn). | |
March 1, 1976 | Fengyuan | 13 | Originally urban township (鎮; Zhèn). | |
January 1, 1979 | Yonghe Zhonghe | 15 | The population requirement of county-controlled cities changed to 150,000. [Yonghe] Originally urban township (鎮; Zhèn). [Zhonghe] Originally rural township (鄉; Xiāng). | |
January 15, 1980 | Xindian Xinzhuang | 17 | Originally urban townships (鎮; Zhèn). | |
December 25, 1981 | Douliu Magong Miaoli Nantou Xinying |
22 | All county seats in Taiwan Province were upgraded from urban township (鎮 Zhèn) to county-controlled cities. | |
July 1, 1982 | Chiayi Hsinchu | 20 | Upgraded to provincial cities (省轄市; Shěngxiá Shì). | |
October 31, 1988 | Zhubei | 21 | Originally rural township (鄉; Xiāng), county seat. | |
July 1, 1991 | Taibao | 22 | Originally rural township (鄉; Xiāng), county seat. | |
March 1, 1992 | Pingzhen | 23 | Originally rural township (鄉; Xiāng). | |
September 10, 1992 | Puzi | 24 | Originally rural township (鄉; Xiāng), county seat. | |
May 1, 1993 | Yongkang | 25 | Originally rural township (鄉; Xiāng). | |
June 26, 1993 | Tucheng | 26 | Originally rural township (鄉; Xiāng). | |
November 1, 1993 | Dali | 27 | Originally rural township (鄉; Xiāng). | |
January 1, 1995 | Bade | 28 | Originally rural township (鄉; Xiāng). | |
August 1, 1996 | Taiping | 29 | Originally rural township (鄉; Xiāng). | |
October 6, 1997 | Luzhou | 30 | Originally rural township (鄉; Xiāng). | |
July 1, 1999 | Xizhi | 31 | Originally urban township (鎮; Zhèn). | |
October 4, 1999 | Shulin | 32 | Originally urban township (鎮; Zhèn). | |
August 1, 2010 | Yangmei | 33 | Originally urban township (鎮; Zhèn). | |
December 25, 2010 | Banqiao Dali Fengshan Fengyuan Luzhou Sanchong Shulin Taiping Tucheng Xindian Xinying Xinzhuang Xizhi Yonghe Yongkang Zhonghe | 17 | New special municipalities established in Taipei County, Taichung, Tainan, and Kaohsiung; all county-controlled cities in such places were upgraded into districts (區; Qū). | |
June 3, 2014 | Luzhu | 18 | Originally rural township (鄉; Xiāng). | |
December 25, 2014 | Bade Luzhu Pingzhen Taoyuan Yangmei Zhongli | 12 | New special municipality established in Taoyuan County; all county-controlled cities in such places were upgraded into districts (區; Qū). | |
August 8, 2015 | Yuanlin | 13 | The population requirement of county-controlled cities changed to 100,000. Originally urban township (鎮; Zhèn). | |
October 5, 2015 | Toufen | 14 | Originally urban township (鎮; Zhèn). |
Lienchiang and Kinmen County do not have any city.
See also
Wikimedia Commons has media related to County-controlled cities in Taiwan. |
Reference
- ↑ http://www.moi.gov.tw/english/english_law/law_detail.aspx?sn=284
- 1 2 "Glossary of Names for Admin Divisions" (PDF). Taiwan Geographic Names Information Systems. The Ministry of Interior of ROC. Retrieved 6 June 2015.
- ↑ http://163.29.191.47/en2013/intro/dept2/List.asp
- ↑ http://www.taocity.gov.tw/en/about.aspx
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