Credit River

This article is about the river in Ontario. For the river in Minnesota, see Credit River (Minnesota).
Credit River
The Credit River in Port Credit
Name origin: From Rivière au Crédit, used by French fur traders
Country Canada
Province Ontario
Source Niagara Escarpment
 - location near Orangeville, Ontario and Caldeon East, Ontario
 - elevation +400 m (1,312 ft)
Mouth Lake Ontario
 - location Port Credit
 - elevation 74 m (243 ft) [1]
 - coordinates 43°32′52″N 79°34′51″W / 43.54778°N 79.58083°W / 43.54778; -79.58083Coordinates: 43°32′52″N 79°34′51″W / 43.54778°N 79.58083°W / 43.54778; -79.58083 [2]
Length 90 km (56 mi) [3]
Basin 1,000 km2 (386 sq mi) [3]
Discharge for Erindale, Mississauga
 - average 8.12 m3/s (287 cu ft/s) [4]
 - max 501 m3/s (17,693 cu ft/s)
 - min 0.085 m3/s (3 cu ft/s)
Location of the mouth of the Credit River in Ontario
The Credit River near Belfountain

The Credit River is a river in southern Ontario which flows from headwaters above the Niagara Escarpment near Orangeville and Caledon East to empty into Lake Ontario at Port Credit, Mississauga. It drains an area of approximately 1,000 square kilometres (390 sq mi). The total length of the river and its tributary streams is over 1,500 kilometres (930 mi).

Despite urbanization and associated problems with water quality on the lower section of this river, it provides spawning areas for Chinook salmon and rainbow trout. There is a fish ladder on the river at Streetsville. Much of the river can still be travelled by canoe or kayak. The headwaters of the Credit River is home to a native self-sustaining brook trout population and an introduced brown trout population.

Credit Valley Conservation, the local watershed management conservation authority, operates several Conservation Areas including Belfountain, Island Lake, and Terra Cotta.

Forks of the Credit Provincial Park is located on the upper part of the river between Brampton and Orangeville, and is near the Bruce Trail.

Communities in the river's watershed include:

Naming

The river became known as Missinnihe, or "trusting creek" to the Mississauga First Nation people who met annually with white traders there. To the first nations, the river was "held in reverential estimation as the favourite resort of their ancestors"[5] and the band, which ranged from Long Point on Lake Erie, to the Rouge River on Lake Ontario, became known as the Credit River Indians. Their descendents are today the Mississaugas of the New Credit First Nation.[5]

The origins of the English name come from the time when French fur traders supplied goods to the native people in advance (on credit) against furs which would be provided the following spring. It was known as the Rivière au Crédit. The trading post was set up at the mouth of the river, in Port Credit, in the early 18th century.

Watershed population and land use

As of the 2006 census, 750,000 people live in the watershed. Of those, 87 percent live in the lower third of the watershed. Population growth is approximately 3 percent per year. In 1999, 21 percent of the watershed was developed. By 2020, 40 percent of the watershed will be developed (based on approved development and the official plans of the municipalities).

Plants and animals

The Credit River is home to a wide range of wildlife. Some species are permanent or seasonal residents while others are sighted occasionally. 1330 species of plants, 64 fish species (including many bait fish, pike, and brook trout), 41 species of mammals, 5 species of turtles, 8 snake species, 17 amphibian species, and 244 species of birds call this watershed home.

In popular culture

The Canadian indie rock band The Constantines entitled a track "Credit River" on their 2008 album Kensington Heights.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Google Earth elevation for source coordinates
  2. ↑ "Credit River". Geographical Names Data Base. Natural Resources Canada.
  3. 1 2 "Credit River Watershed". Credit Valley Conservation. Retrieved 31 October 2010.
  4. ↑ Station 02HB002 (Credit River at Erindale), Archived Hydrometric Data, Water Survey of Canada
  5. 1 2 Smith 1987, p. 21.
Bibliography

External links

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