Cubitus varus

Cubitus varus
Cubitus varus versus cubitus valgus
Classification and external resources
Specialty	rheumatology, medical genetics
ICD-10	M21.1, Q68.8
ICD-9-CM	736.02, 755.59

Cubitus varus (varus means a deformity of a limb in which part of it is deviated towards the midline of the body) is a common deformity in which the extended forearm is deviated towards midline of the body.

Cubitus varus is often referred to as "Gunstock deformity", due to the crooked nature of the healing.^[1]^[2]

The "opposite" condition is cubitus valgus.

Causes

A common cause is the supracondylar fracture of humerus. It can be corrected via a corrective osteotomy of the humerus and either internal or external fixation of the bone until union.^[3]

Diagnosis

Cubitus varus is not able to be diagnosed until after healing of the prior fracture, as the arm must be in full extension, not flexion, for the deformity to be noticed.

Prognosis

A cubitus varus deformity is more cosmetic than limiting of any function,^[4] however internal rotation of the radius over the ulna may be limited due to the overgrowth of the humerus. This may be noticeable during an activity such as using a computer mouse.

Complications

Instances in which the medial epicondyle of the distal humerus is malformed due to the initial fracture at the humeral endplate may result in subluxation (snapping) of the ulnar nerve over the medial epicondyle with active flexion and extension of the elbow. In such instances, conductance of the ulnar nerve may be compromised due to chronic irritation, potentially resulting in irreversible ulnar neuropathy.

References

↑ "Medcyclopaedia - Gunstock deformity". Archived from the original on 2012-02-05. Retrieved 2008-02-25.
↑ Stimson LA (Sep 1900). "I. Cubitus Varus; or, "Gunstock" Deformity following Fracture of the Lower End of the Humerus". Ann. Surg. 32 (3): 301–8. doi:10.1097/00000658-190007000-00021. PMC 1425131. PMID 17860875.
↑ Rüdiger Döhler: Suprakondyläre Korrekturosteotomie beim posttraumatischen Cubitus varus. Unfallchirurg 105 (2002), p. 397-400
↑ "Cubitus Varus - Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics". Retrieved 2008-02-25.

Musculoskeletal disorders: Acquired musculoskeletal deformities (M20–M25, M95, 734–738)

Upper limb

shoulder	Winged scapula Adhesive capsulitis Rotator cuff tear Subacromial bursitis

elbow	Cubitus valgus Cubitus varus

hand deformity	Wrist drop Boutonniere deformity Swan neck deformity

Lower limb

hip	Protrusio acetabuli Coxa valga Coxa vara

leg	Unequal leg length

patella	Luxating patella Chondromalacia patellae Patella baja Patella alta

foot deformity	Bunion/hallux valgus Hallux varus Hallux rigidus Hammer toe Foot drop Flat feet Club foot

knee	Genu recurvatum

Head

Cauliflower ear

General terms

Bone and joint disease (M80–M94, 730–733)

Bone

Inflammation

endocrine:	Osteitis fibrosa cystica Brown tumor

infection:	Osteomyelitis Sequestrum Involucrum Sesamoiditis Brodie abscess Periostitis Vertebral osteomyelitis

Metabolic

Bone resorption

Other

Joint

Chondritis	Relapsing polychondritis

Other	Tietze's syndrome

Combined

Osteochondritis

Osteochondritis dissecans

Child

leg:	hip Legg–Calvé–Perthes syndrome tibia Osgood-Schlatter disease Blount's disease foot Köhler disease Sever's disease

spine	Scheuermann’s disease

arm:	wrist Kienbock's disease elbow Panner disease

Congenital malformations and deformations of musculoskeletal system / musculoskeletal abnormality (Q65–Q76, 754–756.3)

Appendicular
limb / dysmelia

Arms

clavicle / shoulder:	Cleidocranial dysostosis Sprengel's deformity Wallis–Zieff–Goldblatt syndrome

hand deformity:	Madelung's deformity Clinodactyly Oligodactyly Polydactyly

Leg

hip:	Dislocation of hip / Hip dysplasia Upington disease Coxa valga Coxa vara

knee:	Genu valgum Genu varum Genu recurvatum Discoid meniscus Congenital patellar dislocation Congenital knee dislocation

foot deformity:	varus Club foot Pigeon toe valgus Flat feet Pes cavus Rocker bottom foot Hammer toe

Either / both

fingers and toes	Polydactyly / Syndactyly webbed toes Arachnodactyly Cenani–Lenz syndactylism Ectrodactyly Brachydactyly Clubbed thumb

reduction deficits / limb:	Acheiropodia ectromelia Phocomelia Amelia Hemimelia

multiple joints:	Arthrogryposis Larsen syndrome Rapadilino syndrome

Axial

Skull and face

Craniosynostosis:	Scaphocephaly Oxycephaly Trigonocephaly

Craniofacial dysostosis:	Crouzon syndrome Hypertelorism Hallermann–Streiff syndrome Treacher Collins syndrome

other:	Macrocephaly Platybasia Craniodiaphyseal dysplasia Dolichocephaly Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome Plagiocephaly Saddle nose

Vertebral column

Thoracic skeleton

ribs:	Cervical Bifid

sternum:	Pectus excavatum Pectus carinatum

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