Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex

"Dallas–Fort Worth" redirects here. For the airport, see Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport.
Dallas–Fort Worth
Metropolitan Statistical Area

Downtown Dallas, Texas in March 2009

Downtown Fort Worth, Texas in June 2010
Country United States
State Texas
Principal cities

Area
 • Urban 1,407.0 sq mi (3,644.2 km2)
 • Metro 9,286 sq mi (24,059 km2)
Highest elevation 1,368 ft (417 m)
Lowest elevation 606 ft (184 m)
Population (2010)[1][2]
 • Density 634/sq mi (245/km2)
 • Urban 4,145,659 (6th)
 • MSA 6,426,214 (4th)
 • CSA 6,817,483 (7th)
  MSA/CSA: 2010
Urban: 2000
Time zone CST (UTC-6)
 • Summer (DST) CDT (UTC-5)
Area code(s) 214, 469, 682, 817, 940, 972

The Dallas–Fort Worth–Arlington, TX Metropolitan Statistical Area, the official title designated by the United States Office of Management and Budget, encompasses 13 counties within the U.S. state of Texas. Residents of the area refer to it as the Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex, DFW, or The Metroplex. It is the economic and cultural hub of the region commonly called North Texas or North Central Texas and is the largest land-locked metropolitan area in the United States.[3]

The 2014 official estimate U.S. Census has the Dallas–Fort Worth Metroplex at 6,954,330,[4] making it the largest metropolitan area in the South. During the 12-month period from July 2008 to July 2009, the Dallas–Fort Worth–Arlington metropolitan area gained 146,530 new residents, more than any other metropolitan area in the United States.[5][6] The area's population has grown by about one million since the 2000 US census.[7] The Dallas–Fort Worth–Arlington MSA is, by population, the largest metropolitan area in Texas, the largest in the South, the fourth-largest in the United States, and the eleventh-largest in the Americas. The metroplex encompasses 9,286 square miles (24,100 km2) of total area: 8,991 sq mi (23,290 km2) is land, while 295 sq mi (760 km2) is water, making it larger in area than the U.S. states of Rhode Island and Connecticut combined. It also has the fifth largest gross metropolitan product (GMP) in the United States,[8] and approximately tenth largest by GMP in the world.

Origin of the term

See also: Metroplex

A portmanteau of metropolis and complex, the term metroplex is credited to Harve Chapman, an executive vice president with Dallas-based Tracy-Locke which was one of three advertising agencies that worked with the North Texas Commission (NTC) on strategies to market the region.[9] The NTC copyrighted[10] the term "Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex" in 1972 as a replacement for the previously-ubiquitous "North Texas", which studies had shown lacked identifiability outside the state. In fact, only 38 percent of a survey group identified Dallas and Fort Worth as part of "North Texas", with the Texas Panhandle also a perceived correct answer, being the northernmost region of Texas.[11]

Metroplex counties

Counties in the DFW metroplex (picture is now outdated) [12]

Metroplex cities, towns, and CDPs

Note: Cities and towns are categorized based on the latest population estimates from the North Central Texas Council of Governments (as of January 1, 2012).[13] No population estimates are released for census-designated places (CDPs), which are marked with an asterisk (*). These places are categorized based on their 2010 census population.[14]

Places with more than 100,000 inhabitants

Northern Dallas metropolitan area at night – astronaut photo, courtesy NASA (November 15, 2012)

Places designated "principal cities" by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) are italicized.[12]

1,000,000+

500,000–999,999

200,000–499,999

100,000–199,999

Places with 10,000 to 99,999 inhabitants

Places with fewer than 10,000 inhabitants

Unincorporated places

Demographics

Historical populations
Census Pop. %±
19702,424,131—
19803,017,23024.5%
19903,989,29432.2%
20005,161,54429.4%
20106,426,21424.5%

As of the 2010 United States census,[15] there were 6,371,773 people. The racial makeup of the MSA was 50.2% Non-Hispanic White, 15.4% African American, 0.6% Native American, 5.9% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 10.0% from other races, and 2.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 27.5% of the population.

The median income for a household in the MSA was $48,062, and the median income for a family was $55,263. Males had a median income of $39,581 versus $27,446 for females. The per capita income for the MSA was $21,839.

Combined Statistical Area

The Dallas-Fort Worth, TX-OK Combined Statistical Area is made up of 19 counties in north central Texas and one county in southern Oklahoma. The statistical area includes two metropolitan areas and six micropolitan areas. As of the 2010 Census, the CSA had a population of 6,817,483 (though a July 1, 2015 estimate placed the population at 7,504,362).[16] The CSA definition encompasses 14,628 sq mi (37,890 km2) of area, of which 14,126 sq mi (36,590 km2) is land and 502 sq mi (1,300 km2) is water.

Components

Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs)

Micropolitan Statistical Areas

Demographics

As of the census[15] of 2000, there were 5,487,956 people, 2,006,665 households, and 1,392,540 families residing within the CSA. The racial makeup of the CSA was 70.41% White, 13.34% African American, 0.59% Native American, 3.58% Asian, 0.08% Pacific Islander, 9.62% from other races, and 2.39% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 20.83% of the population. It is home to the fourth-largest Muslim population in the country.[17]

The median income for a household in the CSA was $43,836, and the median income for a family was $50,898. Males had a median income of $37,002 versus $25,553 for females. The per capita income for the CSA was $20,460.

Geography

The Metroplex overlooks mostly prairie land with a few rolling hills dotted by man-made lakes cut by streams, creeks and rivers surrounded by forest land. The Metroplex is situated in the Texas blackland prairies region, so named for its fertile black soil found especially in the rural areas of Collin, Dallas, Ellis, Hunt, Kaufman, and Rockwall counties.

Many areas of Denton, Johnson, Parker, Tarrant, and Wise counties are located in the Fort Worth Prairie[18] region of North Texas, which has less fertile and more rocky soil than that of the Texas blackland prairie; most of the rural land on the Fort Worth Prairie is ranch land. A large onshore natural gas field, the Barnett Shale, lies underneath this area; Denton, Tarrant and Wise counties feature many natural gas wells. Continuing land use change results in scattered crop fields surrounded by residential or commercial development.

South of Dallas and Fort Worth is a line of rugged hills that goes north to south about 15 miles (24 km) that looks similar to the Texas Hill Country 200 miles (320 km) to the south.

Economy

Headquarters of AMR Corporation and American Airlines

The cities of Dallas and Fort Worth are the two central cities of the Metroplex, with Arlington being a third economically important city; it is a center for sporting events, tourism and manufacturing. Most other incorporated cities in the Metroplex are "bedroom communities" serving largely as residential and small-business centers, though there are several key employers in these regions. Due to the large number of smaller, less well-known cities, Metroplex residents commonly divide the region roughly in half along Texas Route 97, which runs directly north-south through Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport. They refer to places as being on the "Dallas side" or the "Fort Worth side" of this line, or in "the Arlington area," which is almost directly south of the airport. It is nominally between the two major east-west interstates in the region (I-20, passing to the south of both downtowns, and I-30, connecting Dallas and Fort Worth city centers).

Dallas and its suburbs have one of the highest concentrations of corporate headquarters in the United States. Business management and operations is a major part of the economy. The Metroplex also contains the largest Information Technology industry base in the state (often referred to as Silicon Prairie or the Telecom Corridor, especially when referring to US-75 through Richardson just north of Dallas itself). This area has a large number of corporate IT projects and the presence of numerous electronics, computing and telecommunication firms such as Texas Instruments, HP Enterprise Services, Dell Services, Nokia, i2, AT&T, Alcatel-Lucent, Ericsson, CA and Verizon in and around Dallas. On the other end of the business spectrum, and on the other side of the Metroplex, the Texas farming and ranching industry is based in Fort Worth. According to the Dallas Business Journal 's 2006 Book of Lists, American Airlines is the largest employer in the Metroplex. Several major defense manufacturers, including Lockheed Martin, Bell Helicopter Textron, and Raytheon, maintain significant operations in the Metroplex, primarily on the "Fort Worth side." They are concentrated along State Highway 170 near I-35W, commonly called the "Alliance Corridor". ExxonMobil, the #2 corporation on the Fortune 500 listings, is headquartered in Irving, Texas, and Toyota of America announced final plans to relocate its corporate headquarters to the city of Plano, Texas.

Changes in house prices for the Metroplex are publicly tracked on a regular basis using the Case–Shiller index; the statistic is published by Standard & Poor's and is also a component of S&P's 20-city composite index of the value of the U.S. residential real estate market.

Politics

Presidential Election Results
Year Republican Democratic
2012 57% 1,202,585 43% 896,612
2008 55% 1,190,150 45% 970,130
2004 62% 1,190,362 38% 732,787
2000 62% 973,070 38% 587,889

Since the late 20th century and the realignment of party affiliations, white conservatives have shifted to the Republican Party, and its national candidates have won in the Dallas-Fort Worth area, including in presidential elections. Democratic voters dominate a majority of areas in the city of Dallas. Republicans dominate North Dallas, most suburbs, and the rural areas of the Metroplex.

Transportation

Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport

The Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport, located between the cities of Dallas and Fort Worth, is the largest and busiest airport in the state of Texas. At 100 square kilometres (39 sq mi) of total land area, DFW is the second-largest airport in the country and sixth-largest in the world. It is the third-busiest airport in the world in terms of aircraft movements and the seventh-busiest airport in the world in terms of passenger traffic, transporting 62.9 million passengers in FY 2014.[19] American Airlines, based in Fort Worth, has its headquarters adjacent to DFW Airport. American, which recently regained the title as largest airline in the world in terms of passengers transported and fleet size, is a predominant leader in domestic routes and operations.[20]

Love Field Airport (IATA airport code: DAL) is located on the northwest side of the city of Dallas. Southwest Airlines is based in Dallas next to Love Field.

Diagram of public rail transit in the Dallas/Fort Worth area

Public transit options continue to expand significantly. It is limited in several outlying suburbs. Dallas County and parts of Collin and Rockwall counties have bus service and light rail operated by Dallas Area Rapid Transit (DART), covering thirteen member cities. With the completion of projects under construction, DART's rail network will grow beyond 93 miles of track by 2016. The Red Line extends north to Plano and southwest to Westmoreland Road. The Blue Line reaches from Rowlett in the northeast to Ledbetter Road in south Dallas (with an additional 3 miles south to the University of North Texas at Dallas campus near I-20 scheduled to open in 2016). The 28-mile Green Line, which opened in December 2010, connects Carrollton in the northwest through Downtown Dallas to Pleasant Grove in the southeast. The Orange Line, which completed expansion in 2014, parallels the Red Line from Plano to Downtown Dallas and the Green Line from Downtown Dallas to Northwest Hwy extending through Las Colinas (Irving) to reach DFW International Airport.

Denton County has bus service limited to Denton, Highland Village, and Lewisville (with commuter service to downtown Dallas) provided by the Denton County Transportation Authority (DCTA). The A-train, a diesel commuter rail line, parallels I-35E to connect Denton, Highland Village, Lewisville, and Carrollton. Several smaller towns along this line, Corinth, Shady Shores, and Lake Dallas, voted to abstain from DCTA and do not have stations. There is an across-the-platform transfer in Carrollton to the DART Green Line. A-Train service began June 20, 2011.[21]

Tarrant County has bus service operated by the Fort Worth Transportation Authority (known as 'The T'), available only in Fort Worth. The diesel commuter train that serves Fort Worth and its eastern suburbs is operated as the Trinity Railway Express; it connects downtown Fort Worth to downtown Dallas, where it links to the DART light rail system. A station near its midpoint, Centerport, serves DFW Airport via a free airport shuttle bus. The TRE is jointly owned by FWTA and DART.[22] Amtrak serves Dallas and Fort Worth once daily in each direction on a route from Chicago to Austin to San Antonio, with connections at San Antonio to New Orleans, Houston, El Paso, Phoenix, and Los Angeles.

The Dallas-Fort Worth area has thousands of lane-miles of freeways and interstates. The Metroplex has the second-largest number of freeway-miles per capita in the nation, behind only the Kansas City Metropolitan Area. As in most major metropolitan areas in Texas, most interstates and freeways have access or frontage roads where most of the businesses are located; these access roads have slip ramps allowing traffic to transition between the freeway and access road. North-south interstates include I-35 and I-45. East-west routes include I-30 and I-20. I-35 splits into I-35E and I-35W from Denton to Hillsboro: I-35W goes through Fort Worth while I-35E goes through Dallas. (This is one of only two examples of an interstate splitting off into branches and then rejoining as one; the other such split is in Minneapolis-St. Paul where I-35E goes into St. Paul and I-35W goes through Minneapolis). I-30 connects Dallas and Fort Worth, and I-45 connects Dallas to Houston. The "multiple-of-5" numbers used for the interstate designations are notable, as these numbers were designed to be used for major multi-state arteries of the U.S. Interstate Highway System. The North Texas region is the terminus for two of them, and I-45 is located only within Texas.

HOV lanes exist along I-35E, I-30, I-635, US 67, and US 75. I-20 bypasses both Dallas and Fort Worth to the south while its loop, I-820, goes around Fort Worth. I-635 splits to the north of I-20 and loops around east and north Dallas, ending at SH 121 north of DFW Airport. I-35E, Loop 12, and Spur 408 ultimately connect to I-20 southwest of Dallas, completing the west bypass loop around Dallas. A large number of construction projects are planned or are already underway in the region to alleviate congestion. Due largely to funding issues, many of the new projects involve building new tollways or adding tolled express lanes to existing highways, which are managed by the North Texas Tollway Authority. It was originally established to manage the Dallas North Tollway and oversees several other toll projects in the area.

As of 2016 the Taiwanese airline EVA Air operates a shuttle bus service from George Bush Intercontinental Airport in Houston to Richardson, so that Dallas-based customers may fly on its services to and from Houston.[23]

Largest area private-sector employers

Source: Dallas Business Journal Book of Lists 2006
Company No. of employees
locally		 Type of business
American Airlines 22,077 Commercial airline
Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. 21,133 Retail
Texas Health Resources 16,289 Health care
Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company 15,900 Military aircraft design and production
Baylor Health Care System 15,200 Health care
Citigroup 15,000 Financial Services
AT&T Inc. 13,729 Data, voice, networking and internet services
Verizon Communications 12,500 Telecommunications
Texas Instruments 10,600 Semiconductor manufacturing
Albertsons 10,100 Retail grocery
Brinker International 10,000 Restaurants
HCA Healthcare 9,896 Health care
JPMorgan Chase 8,800 Financial services
State Farm 8,000 Insurance
J.C. Penney Company, Inc. 7,900 Retail
Kroger Food Stores 7,600 Retail grocery
Target Corporation 7,554 Retail
Electronic Data Systems (EDS) 7,300 Information technology services
Bank of America 7,000 Financial services
Tom Thumb Food & Pharmacy (Safeway Inc.) 6,314 Retail grocery
Fidelity Investments 5,900 Financial services
Southwest Airlines 5,543 Commercial airline
Bell Helicopter Textron 5,301 Aircraft manufacturing
Minyard Food Stores, Inc. 5,091 Retail grocery
Blockbuster, Inc. 4,500 Retail video and games
General Motors 4,030 Automotive manufacturer
Southwest Airlines 4,000 Commercial Airline
RadioShack Corp. 3,896 Electronics retailer
Sprint 3,501 Communications products

Media

The cities of Dallas and Fort Worth have their own newspapers, The Dallas Morning News and the Fort Worth Star-Telegram, respectively. Historically, the two papers had readership primarily in their own counties. As the two cities' suburbs have grown together in recent years (and especially since the demise of the Dallas Times Herald in 1991), many sites sell both papers. This pattern of crossover has been repeated in other print media, radio, and television. Since the 1970s all of the television stations and most of the FM radio stations have chosen to transmit from Cedar Hill so as to serve the entire market, and are programmed likewise. There has been a rise in "80-90 move-ins", whereby stations have been moved from distant markets, in some cases as far away as Oklahoma, and relicensed to anonymous small towns in the Metroplex to serve as additional DFW stations. According to RadioTime, the market has 38 AM stations, 58 FM stations (many of them class Cs), and 18 full-power television stations. Dallas-Fort Worth is the fifth-largest television market in the United States, behind only New York City, Los Angeles, Chicago, and Philadelphia.

Two Metroplex AM radio stations, 820 WBAP and 1080 KRLD, are 50,000-watt stations with coverage of much of the North American continent and beyond during nighttime hours.

The South Asian population (Indian Sub-continent) has increased considerably in the DFW metroplex. They have the FM 104.9 radio channel and 700 AM radio.[24] Recently Sony TV, a subsidiary of Sony TV Asia, launched its FTA (free to Air OTA) channel on 44.2 station in DFW. It was one of the two locations they chose in USA; the other being NYC, where there is also a large South Asian demographic.

See Also:

Sports

The Metroplex is one of the twelve American metropolitan areas that has a team in each of the four major professional sports leagues. Major professional sports first came to the area in 1960, when the Dallas Cowboys began competing in the National Football League and the Dallas Texans began competing in the American Football League. (The Texans later relocated to Kansas City and become the Chiefs). In 1972, Major League Baseball's Washington Senators moved to Arlington to become the Texas Rangers, named after the statewide law enforcement agency. The National Basketball Association expanded into North Texas in 1980 when the Dallas Mavericks were added to the league. The fourth sport was added in 1993 when the Minnesota North Stars of the National Hockey League moved to Dallas, becoming the Dallas Stars.

The Major League Soccer team FC Dallas is also based in the Metroplex, as are the Dallas Wings of the WNBA. The area is also home to many minor-league professional teams, and four colleges that compete in NCAA Division I athletics. The Metroplex has hosted many premiere sports events on both an annual and one-time basis.

Major professional sports teams

Club Sport Founded League Venue
Dallas Cowboys Football 1960 NFL AT&T Stadium
Texas Rangers Baseball 1972^ MLB Globe Life Park in Arlington
Dallas Mavericks Basketball 1980 NBA American Airlines Center
Dallas Stars Hockey 1993^ NHL American Airlines Center
FC Dallas Soccer 1996 MLS Toyota Stadium
Dallas Wings Basketball 2015^ WNBA College Park Center

^- Indicates year team relocated to the area

Other professional teams

Club Sport Founded League Venue
Allen Americans Hockey 2009 ECHL Allen Event Center
Dallas Sidekicks Indoor soccer 2012 Major Arena Soccer League Allen Event Center
Frisco RoughRiders Baseball 2003^ Texas League Dr Pepper Ballpark
Fort Worth Cats Baseball 2001 ULB LaGrave Field
Fort Worth Vaqueros Soccer 2014 NPSL LaGrave Field
Grand Prairie AirHogs Baseball 2007 AAIPBL QuikTrip Park
Texas Legends Basketball 2010^ NBA D-League Dr Pepper Arena
Texas Revolution Indoor football 2011^ Champions Indoor Football Allen Event Center
Texas Wild Tennis 2013^ World Team Tennis Four Seasons Resort and Club Dallas at Las Colinas

^- Indicates year team relocated to the area

Division I college athletics

School City Mascot Conference
University of Texas at Arlington Arlington Mavericks Sun Belt Conference
University of North Texas Denton Mean Green Conference USA
Southern Methodist University University Park Mustangs American Athletic Conference
Texas Christian University Fort Worth Horned Frogs Big 12 Conference
Dallas Baptist University Dallas Patriots Missouri Valley Conference (baseball only)

The headquarters for both the Big 12 and Conference USA are located in Irving, and the Southland Conference headquarters are in Frisco.

Sports events hosted

Note: Venues are listed with their current names, not necessarily those in use when an event took place.

Event Sport Year(s) Venue
Red River Rivalry College Football 1912–present Cotton Bowl
Battle for the Iron Skillet College Football 1915–present Cotton Bowl, Amon G. Carter Stadium, Ownby Stadium, Texas Stadium, Ford Stadium
Fort Worth Classic College Football 1921 Panther Park
Dixie Classic College Football 1922, 1925, 1934 Fair Park Stadium
PGA Championship Golf 1927, 1963 Cedarcrest Golf Course, Dallas Athletic Club
AT&T Cotton Bowl Classic College Football 1937–present Cotton Bowl, AT&T Stadium
U.S. Open Golf 1941 Colonial Country Club
Byron Nelson Golf Classic Golf 1944–present Multiple courses in Dallas
Colonial National Invitational Golf 1946–present Colonial Country Club
Pro Bowl Football 1973 Texas Stadium
The Players Championship Golf 1975 Colonial Country Club
Dallas Grand Prix Auto Racing 1984–1996 Fair Park, Addison, Reunion Arena
NBA All-Star Game Basketball 1986 Reunion Arena
NCAA Men's Final Four Basketball 1986, 2014 Reunion Arena, AT&T Stadium
U.S. Women's Open Golf 1991 Colonial Country Club
FIFA World Cup Preliminaries Soccer 1994 Cotton Bowl
Major League Baseball All-Star Game Baseball 1995 Globe Life Park in Arlington
Duck Commander 500 Auto Racing 1997–present Texas Motor Speedway
Bombardier Learjet 550 Auto Racing 1997–present Texas Motor Speedway
Big 12 Championship Game College Football 2001, 2009, 2010 Texas Stadium, AT&T Stadium
Bell Helicopter Armed Forces Bowl College Football 2003–present Amon G. Carter Stadium
Breeders' Cup Horse Racing 2004 Lone Star Park
AAA Texas 500 Auto Racing 2005–present Texas Motor Speedway
MLS Cup Soccer 2005, 2006 Toyota Stadium
NHL All-Star Game Hockey 2007 American Airlines Center
CONCACAF Gold Cup Soccer 2009 AT&T Stadium
Cowboys Classic College Football 2009–present AT&T Stadium
Southwest Classic College Football 2009–2011 AT&T Stadium
NBA All-Star Game Basketball 2010 AT&T Stadium
Heart of Dallas Bowl College Football 2010–present Cotton Bowl
Manny Pacquiao vs. Antonio Margarito Professional Boxing November 13, 2010 AT&T Stadium
CONCACAF Gold Cup Soccer 2011 AT&T Stadium
NCAA Division I Football Championship College Football 2011–2014 Toyota Stadium
Super Bowl XLV Football 2011 AT&T Stadium
Heart of Dallas Classic Football 2013 Cotton Bowl
College Football Playoff National Championship College Football 2015 AT&T Stadium
WrestleMania 32 Wrestling 2016 AT&T Stadium

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Table 1. Annual Estimates of the Population of Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2009 (CBSA-EST2009-01)". 2009 Population Estimates. United States Census Bureau, Population Division. 2010-03-23. Archived from the original (CSV) on March 26, 2010. Retrieved 2010-03-24.
  2. ↑ American Community Survey Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington Urbanized Area (2008 estimate)
  3. ↑ Archived January 2, 2010, at the Wayback Machine.
  4. ↑ Data Access and Dissemination Systems (DADS). "American FactFinder - Results". census.gov.
  5. ↑ "Estimates of the Components of Population Change for Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas: July 1, 2008 to July 1, 2009 (CBSA-EST2009-09)" (CSV). 2009 Population Estimates. United States Census Bureau, Population Division. 2010-03-23. Retrieved 2010-03-24.
  6. ↑ "Dallas-Fort Worth area topping the nation in population growth". Eric Aasen, The Dallas Morning News. 2010-03-23. Retrieved 2010-03-24.
  7. ↑ "Cumulative Estimates of the Components of Population Change for Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2009 (CBSA-EST2009-10)" (CSV). 2009 Population Estimates. United States Census Bureau, Population Division. 2010-03-23. Retrieved 2010-03-24.
  8. ↑ "News Release: GDP by Metropolitan Area, Advance 2011, and Revised 2001–2010". Bea.gov. Retrieved 2013-04-22.
  9. ↑ Alsobrook, Bruce. "Harve Chapman’s left an indelible mark on North Texas, failing at only one goal he’s set for himself: Retirement," The Sulphur Springs (TX) News-Telegram, Saturday, December 10, 2011.
  10. ↑ North Texas Commission. "History". Retrieved 1 October 2013.
  11. ↑ North Texas Commission (1 January 2002). ""Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex" brand serves region well". Archived from the original on December 28, 2004. Retrieved 27 June 2006.
  12. 1 2 "OMB Bulletin No. 13-01: Revised Delineations of Metropolitan Statistical Areas, Micropolitan Statistical Areas, and Combined Statistical Areas, and Guidance on Uses of the Delineations of These Areas" (PDF). United States Office of Management and Budget. February 28, 2013. Retrieved December 15, 2015.
  13. ↑ "2012 population estimates" (PDF). North Central Texas Council of Governments, Research and Services Division. 2010-04-23. Retrieved 2010-05-04.
  14. ↑ "2010 Census: Population of Texas Cities Arranged in Alphabetical Order". Texas State Library and Archives Commission. Retrieved 2012-09-05.
  15. 1 2 "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  16. ↑ "Table 2. Annual Estimates of the Population of Combined Statistical Areas: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2012" (CSV). 2012 Population Estimates. United States Census Bureau, Population Division. March 2013. Retrieved April 19, 2013.
  17. ↑ Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex#Demographics 2
  18. ↑ "Cross Timbers and Prairies Ecological Region".
  19. ↑ https://www.dfwairport.com/pressroom/DFW_Year_End_Report_Shows_Record_62_Million_Customers.php
  20. ↑ IATA. "IATA - Page not found". iata.org.
  21. ↑ Peterson, Matt (June 20, 2011). "A-train railway begins rolling, carrying commuters from Denton to Carrollton". The Dallas Morning News. Retrieved June 20, 2011.
  22. ↑ "About - Trinity Railway Express (TRE)". Trinity Railway Express. Retrieved 2013-04-22.
  23. ↑ "Dallas – Houston – Dallas Free Shuttle Service Schedule." EVA Air. Retrieved on February 29, 2016.
  24. ↑ Name (Required):. "Sony launches free-to-air SAB TV in the US". Rapid TV News. Retrieved 2013-04-22.

External links

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