Elections in Guatemala
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Elections in Guatemala include, on the national level, a head of state – the president – and a unicameral legislature. Guatemala's president and vice-president are elected on one ballot for a four-year term by the people.
The Congress of the Republic (Congreso de la República) has 158 members, elected for a four-year term, partially in departmental constituencies and partially by proportional representation.
Guatemala also elects deputies to the supranational Central American Parliament.
Political culture
Further information: List of political parties in Guatemala
Political parties in Guatemala are generally numerous and unstable. No party has won the presidency more than once. In every election period the majority of the parties are small and newly formed.
Schedule
Election
| Position | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type | Presidential (September) National Congress (September) Gubernatorial (September) | None | Presidential (September) National Congress (September) Gubernatorial (September) | ||
| President and vice president |
President and vice president | None | President and vice president | ||
| National Congress | All seats | None | All seats | ||
| Provinces, cities and municipalities | All positions | None | All positions | ||
Inauguration
| Position | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type | Presidential (January) National Congress (January) Gubernatorial (January) | None | Presidential (January) National Congress (January) Gubernatorial (January) | ||
| President and vice president |
14 January | None | 14 January | ||
| National Congress | 14 January | None | 14 January | ||
| Provinces, cities and municipalities | 14 January | None | 14 January | ||
Last elections
Main article: Guatemalan general election, 2011
| Candidates — Parties | 1st round | 2nd round | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | Votes | % | |
| Otto Pérez Molina — Patriotic Party (PP) | 1,611,493 | 36.01% | 2,300,979 | 53.74% |
| Manuel Baldizón — Renewed Democratic Liberty (LIDER) | 1,038,287 | 23.20% | 1,981,003 | 46.26% |
| Eduardo Suger — Commitment, Renovation and Order (CREO) | 732,842 | 16.38% | ||
| Mario Estrada — National Change Union (UCN) | 383,643 | 8.57% | ||
| Harold Caballeros — Vision with Values (VIVA) & Encounter for Guatemala (EG) | 275,475 | 6.16% | ||
| Rigoberta Menchú — Broad Left Front— Winaq, Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity (URNG-MAIZ) & New Nation Alternative (ANN) |
146,353 | 3.27% | ||
| Juan Gutiérrez — National Advancement Party (PAN) | 123,648 | 2.76% | ||
| Patricia de Arzú — Unionist Party (PU) | 97,381 | 2.18% | ||
| Alejandro Giammattei — Social Action Centre (CASA) | 46,395 | 1.04% | ||
| Adela Camacho de Torrebiarte — Action of National Development (ADN) | 19,038 | 0.43% | ||
| Valid votes | 4,474,555 | 100.00% | 4,281,982 | 100.00% |
| Blank votes | 398,962 | 58,202 | ||
| Invalid votes | 219,713 | 124,934 | ||
| Total votes (voter turnout: 69.38% / 60.83%) | 5,093,230 | 4,465,118 | ||
| Source: Tribunal Supremo Electoral[1] Second round[2] | ||||
| Parties and alliances | Votes | % | +/– | Seats | +/– | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patriotic Party (Partido Patriota, PP) | 1,171,337 | 26.62% | +10.71 | 56 | +26 | |
| National Unity of Hope (Unidad Nacional de la Esperanza, UNE) Grand National Alliance (Gran Alianza Nacional, GANA) |
993,198 | 22.57% | –16.571 | 48 | –372 | |
| National Change Union (Union del Cambio Nacional, UCN) | 417,935 | 9.50% | +5.44 | 14 | +10 | |
| Renewed Democratic Liberty (Libertad Democrática Renovada, LIDER) | 390,319 | 8.87% | +8.87 | 14 | +14 | |
| Commitment, Renewal and Order (Compromiso, Renovación y Orden, CREO) | 381,652 | 8.67% | +8.67 | 12 | +12 | |
| Vision with Values (Visión con Valores, VIVA) Encounter for Guatemala (Encuentro por Guatemala, EG) |
346,557 | 7.87% | +1.703 | 6 | +23 | |
| Winaq Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity — Broad Left Movement (Unidad Revolucionaria Nacional Guatemalteca — Movimiento Amplio de Izquierda, URNG–MAIZ) Alternative New Nation (Alternativa Nueva Nación, ANN) |
141,938 | 3.23% | –1.394 | 3 | +15 | |
| National Advancement Party (Partido de Avanzada Nacional, PAN) | 137,390 | 3.12% | –1.46 | 2 | –2 | |
| Guatemalan Republican Front (Frente Republicano Guatemalteco, FRG) | 120,455 | 2.74% | –7.06 | 1 | –14 | |
| Unionist Party (Partido Unionista, PU) | 118,788 | 2.70% | –3.40 | 1 | –7 | |
| style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;" Victory (VICTORIA) | 71,501 | 1.62% | +1.62 | 1 | +1 | |
| Social Action Centre (Centro de Acción Social, CASA) | 47,390 | 1.08% | –3.81 | – | –5 | |
| National Development Action (Acción de Desarrollo Nacional, ADN) | 39,251 | 0.89% | +0.89 | – | ±0 | |
| National Convergence Front (Frente de Convergencia Nacional, FCN) | 23,272 | 0.53% | +0.53 | – | ±0 | |
| Valid votes | 4,400,983 | 100.00 | — | 158 | — | |
| Blank votes | 351,659 | |||||
| Invalid votes | 337,388 | |||||
| Total votes (turnout 69.34%) | 5,090,030 | |||||
| Source: Supreme Electoral Tribunal of Guatemala (TSE) 2 2007: UNE – 48 seats; GANA – 37 seats. 3 2007: only Encounter for Guatemala. 4 2007: URNG-MAIZ and ANN as two separate parties. 5 2007: only URNG-MAIZ. | ||||||
2007 general election
Main article: Guatemalan general election, 2007
| Candidates — Parties | 1st round | 2nd round | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | Votes | % | |
| Álvaro Colom — National Unity of Hope (UNE) | 926,244 | 28.23% | 1,449,153 | 52.82% |
| Otto Pérez Molina — Patriotic Party (PP) | 771,175 | 23.51% | 1,294,645 | 47.18% |
| Alejandro Giammattei — Grand National Alliance (GANA) | 565,270 | 17.23% | ||
| Eduardo Suger — Social Action Centre (CASA) | 244,448 | 7.45% | ||
| Luis Rabbé — Guatemalan Republican Front (FRG) | 239,208 | 7.29% | ||
| Mario Estrada — National Change Union (UCN) | 103,603 | 3.16% | ||
| Rigoberta Menchú — Encounter for Guatemala (EG) | 101,316 | 3.09% | ||
| Fritz García Gallont — Unionist Party (PU) | 95,743 | 2.92% | ||
| Óscar Castañeda — National Advancement Party (PAN) | 83,826 | 2.56% | ||
| Miguel Ángel Sandoval — Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity–MAIZE (URNG–MAIZ) | 70,080 | 2.14% | ||
| Manuel Conde Orellana — Democratic Union (UD) | 24,971 | 0.76% | ||
| Pablo Monsanto — New Nation Alliance (ANN) | 19,377 | 0.59% | ||
| Héctor Rosales — Authentic Integral Development (DIA) | 18,819 | 0.57% | ||
| Vinicio Cerezo Blandón — Guatemalan Christian Democracy (DCG) | 16,529 | 0.50% | ||
| Valid votes (turnout 60.5%/48.3%) | 3,280,609 | 100.0% | 2,743,798 | 100.0% |
| Blank votes | 132,983 | 50,601 | ||
| Invalid votes | 208,260 | 101,214 | ||
| Total votes | 3,621,852 | 2,895,613 | ||
| Source: Tribunal Supremo Electoral | ||||
| Parties and alliances | Votes | % | +/– | Seats | +/– |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| National Unity of Hope (Unidad Nacional de la Esperanza, UNE) | 721,988 | 22.81% | +4.4% | 48 | +16 |
| Grand National Alliance (Gran Alianza Nacional, GANA) | 522,480 | 16.51% | –7.8%1 | 37 | –101 |
| Patriotic Party (Partido Patriota, PP) | 503,442 | 15.91% | +15.9%1 | 30 | +301 |
| Guatemalan Republican Front (Frente Republicano Guatemalteco, FRG) | 310,038 | 9.80% | –9.9% | 15 | –28 |
| Encounter for Guatemala (Encuentro por Guatemala, EG) | 195,151 | 6.17% | +6.17% | 4 | +4 |
| Unionist Party (Partido Unionista, PU) | 192,983 | 6.10% | +0.7% | 8 | +1 |
| Social Action Centre (Centro de Acción Social, CASA) | 154,718 | 4.89% | +4.9% | 5 | +5 |
| National Advancement Party (Partido de Avanzada Nacional, PAN) | 144,910 | 4.58% | –6.3% | 4 | –13 |
| National Change Union (Union del Cambio Nacional, UCN) | 128,593 | 4.06% | +4.1% | 4 | +4 |
| Guatemalan National Revolucionary Unity–MAIZE (Unidad Revolucionaria Nacional Guatemalteca–MAIZ, URNG–MAIZ) |
103,480 | 3.27% | –0.9% | 2 | ±0 |
| Authentic Integral Development (Desarrollo Integral Auténtico, DIA) | 45,142 | 1.43% | –1.6% | — | –1 |
| Democratic Union (Unión Democrática, UD) | 44,488 | 1.41% | –0.8% | 1 | –1 |
| New National Alliance (Alianza Nueva Nación, ANN) | 42,790 | 1.35% | –3.5% | — | –6 |
| Front for Democracy (Frente por la Democracia, EL FRENTE) | 28,798 | 0.91% | +0.9% | — | ±0 |
| Guatemalan Christian Democracy (Democracia Cristiana Guatemalteca, DCG) | 26,190 | 0.83% | –2.4% | — | –1 |
| Valid votes (turnout 60.5%) | 3,165,191 | 100.0 | — | 158 | — |
| Blank votes | 212,615 | ||||
| Invalid votes | 244,082 | ||||
| Total votes | 3,621,888 | ||||
| Source: Tribunal Supremo Electoral and Prensa Libre 1 In the 2003 election, the Patriotic Party was part of the Grand National Alliance, which has since become a party. | |||||
2003 general election
Main article: Guatemalan general election, 2003
2003 Presidential election
| Candidates — Parties | 1st round | 2nd round | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | Votes | % | |
| Óscar Berger Perdomo - Grand National Alliance | 921,233 | 34.3 | 1,235,303 | 54.1 |
| Álvaro Colom Caballeros - National Unity of Hope | 707,578 | 26.4 | 1,046,868 | 45.9 |
| Efraín Ríos Montt - Guatemalan Republican Front | 518,328 | 19.3 | ||
| Leonel López Rodas - National Advancement Party | 224,127 | 8.4 | ||
| Fritz García-Gallont Bischof - Unionist Party | 80,943 | 3.0 | ||
| Rodrigo Asturias - Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity | 69,297 | 2.6 | ||
| Eduardo Suger - Authentic Integral Development | 59,774 | 2.2 | ||
| Jacobo Arbenz Vilanova - Guatemalan Christian Democracy | 42,186 | 1.6 | ||
| José Angel Lee - Social Participative Democracy | 37,505 | 1.4 | ||
| Fransisco Arredondo Mendoza - National Union | 11,979 | 0.4 | ||
| Manuel Conde Orellana - Social and Political Movement National Change | 10,829 | 0.4 | ||
| Total (turnout 45.8 %) | 2,937,169 | 100.0 | 2,282,171 | 100.0 |
| Valid votes | 2,683,779 | 2,190,873 | ||
| Blank votes | 114,004 | 24,192 | ||
| Void/Spoilt/invalid | 139,384 | 67,106 | ||
| Source: Tribunal Supremo Electoral | ||||
2003 Parliamentary election
| Parties and alliances | Votes | % | Seats |
|---|---|---|---|
Grand National Alliance (Gran Alianza Nacional)
|
620,121 | 24.3 | 47 |
| Guatemalan Republican Front (Frente Republicano Guatemalteco) | 502,470 | 19.7 | 43 |
| National Unity of Hope (Unidad Nacional de la Esperanza) | 457,308 | 18.4 | 32 |
| National Advancement Party (Partido de Avanzada Nacional) | 278,393 | 10.9 | 17 |
| Unionist Party (Partido Unionista) | 138,713 | 5.4 | 7 |
| New National Alliance (Alianza Nueva Nación) | 123,853 | 4.9 | 6 |
| Guatemalan National Revolucionary Unity (Unidad Revolucionaria Nacional Guatemalteca) | 107,276 | 4.2 | 2 |
| Guatemalan Christian Democracy (Democracia Cristiana Guatemalteca) | 82,324 | 3.2 | 1 |
| Authentic Integral Development (Desarrollo Integral Auténtico) | 75,295 | 3.0 | 1 |
| Democratic Union (Unión Democrática) | 55,793 | 2.2 | 2 |
| Social Participative Democracy (Democracia Social Participativa) | 28,425 | 1.1 | - |
| Transparency (Transparencia) | 27,740 | 1.1 | - |
| Total (turnout 57.8 %) | 2,552,374 | 100.0 | 158 |
| Invalid and blank votes | 446,491 | ||
| Registered voters | 5,073,282 | ||
| Source: Supreme Electoral Tribunal | |||
Past elections
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See also
References
- ↑ Tribunal Supremo Electoral (27-09-2011) Acuerdo No. 1319-2011 - Resultados oficiales. Consulted: 2011-09-29.
- ↑ Tribunal Supremo Electoral. (01/12/2011) Segunda Elección Presidencial. Resultados preliminares. Consulted: 2011-12-01
External links
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