Empress Xiaogongren

Empress Xiaogongren
Empress Dowager of the Qing Dynasty
Tenure 1722–1723
Predecessor Empress Xiaohuizhang
Empress Xiaokangzhang
Successor Empress Xiaoshengxian
Born 1660
Died 1723 (aged 6263)
Yonghe Palace
Spouse Kangxi Emperor
Issue Yongzheng Emperor
Yinzhuo
Yunti, Prince Xunqin of the Second Rank
Posthumous name
Empress Xiaogongxuanhuiwensudingyucichunqinmuzantianchengshengren
(孝恭宣惠溫肅定裕慈純欽穆贊天承聖仁皇后)
House House of Uya (by birth)
House of Aisin-Gioro (by marriage)
Father Uya Weiwu
Empress Xiaogongren
Chinese name
Chinese 孝恭仁皇后
Lady Uya
Traditional Chinese 烏雅氏
Simplified Chinese 乌雅氏
Manchu name
Manchu script ᡥᡳᠶᠣᠣᡧᡠᠩᡤᠠ ᡤᡠᠩᠨᡝᠴᡠᡴᡝ ᡤᠣᠰᡳᠨ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡥᡝᠣ
Romanization hiyoošungga gungnecuke gosin hūwangheo

Empress Xiaogongren (Manchu: Hiyoošungga Gungnecuke Gosin Hūwangheo; 1660–1723) was a consort of the Kangxi Emperor of the Qing Dynasty. She was also the mother of Kangxi's successor, the Yongzheng Emperor.

Biography

Empress Xiaogongren was born in the Manchu Uya (烏雅) clan. Her personal name is unknown. Her father was Weiwu (威武), a Commander of the Guard (護軍參領) and Duke of the First Class (一等公).

In 1678 Lady Uya gave birth to the Kangxi Emperor's fourth surviving son Yinzhen. A year later she was granted the rank of Imperial Concubine De (德嬪). In 1681 she gave birth to another son and was promoted to Consort De (德妃) the following year. Over the next five years Lady Uya gave birth to three daughters, and her last son in 1688. When the Kangxi Emperor died in 1722, Lady Uya's eldest child, Yinzhen, succeeded to the throne as the Yongzheng Emperor. As the mother of the reigning emperor, Lady Uya received the title of Empress Dowager Renshou (仁壽皇太后).

Empress Dowager Renshou died of illness in 1723, a year after the death of the Kangxi Emperor. Some sources claimed that she wished to accompany her husband in death but the Yongzheng Emperor denied her permission. She fell ill shortly afterwards and refused medical treatment,[1] eventually dying at the age of 64. She was interred in the Jingling Mausoleum (景陵) in the Eastern Qing Tombs in Zunhua. She was posthumously granted the title of Empress Xiaogongren.

Her grandnephew was the Manchu General Zhaohui (Chao-hui) who fought in the Dzungar–Qing War during the Ten Great Campaigns.[2]

Posthumous title

Empress Xiaogongren's full posthumous title is:

Family

See also

Notes

  1. Silas Wu, passage to power: K'ang-hsi and his heir apparent, 1661-1722 (Cambridge: council on East Asian Studies, Harvard University, 1979), 14-15, 195-96, n. 5.
  2. http://www.dartmouth.edu/~qing/WEB/CHAO-HUI.html

References

Succession

Chinese royalty
Preceded by
Empress Xiaoyiren
Empress of China
Posthumous
Succeeded by
Empress Xiaojingxian
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