Engineering education in India

As India is the largest producers of engineers where 85% of 16 to18 year-olds have shown interest thus In India, there are several engineering colleges imparting undergraduate and graduate courses in engineering, applied engineering and sciences.

History

The impulse for creation of centers of technical training came from the British Raj rulers of India. While Superintending Engineers were mostly recruited from Britain, lower grades e.g. Craftsmen, Artisans and sub-overseers who were recruited locally. The necessity to make them more efficient, led to the establishment of industrial schools attached to Indian Ordnance Factories and other engineering establishments.

The first engineering college was established in the Uttar Pradesh in 1847 for the training of Civil Engineers at Roorkee, Thomason College (which later become IIT Roorkee) which made use of the large workshops and public buildings there that were erected for the Upper Ganges Canal.

In pursuance of the Government policy, three Engineering Colleges were opened by about 1856 in the three Presidencies. In Bengal Presidency, a College called the Calcutta College of Civil Engineering (which later became Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur) was opened at the Writers' Building in November 1856. In Bombay Presidency, the Overseers' School at Pune eventually became the College of Engineering, Pune and was affiliated to the Bombay University in 1858. In the Madras Presidency, the industrial school attached to the Gun Carriage Factory became ultimately the College of Engineering, Guindy and affiliated to the Madras University (1858).

Indian Institutes of Technology

The Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) has sixteen centers located in Bhubaneswar, Bombay, Delhi, Gandhinagar, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Indore, Jodhpur, Kanpur, Kharagpur, Madras, Mandi, Patna, Roorkee, Ropar and Varanasi. All IITs enjoy the status of the Institutes of National Importance and are autonomous universities that draft their own curricula. Many IITs are members of LAOTSE, an international network of universities in Europe and Asia. LAOTSE membership allows the IITs to exchange students and senior scholars with universities in other countries.

Admission to undergraduate B.Tech and integrated M.Tech programs are through JEE Advanced (the Joint Entrance Examination Advanced) in which around 150,000 students appear annually out of which only around 10,000 get selected. These 150,000 students are initially sorted out by the JEE Mains (Joint Entrance Examination Mains) which is conducted by the central board ( Delhi). Around 1.3 million students appear for this exam. Admission to most postgraduate courses in IITs is granted through various written entrance examinations: GATE (for M.Tech.), JAM (for M.Sc.) and CEED (for M.Des.). The admission for Ph.D. program is based primarily on a personal interview, though candidates may also have to appear for written tests. The IITs are also well known for their special reservation policy, which is significantly different from the one applied in other educational institutions of India.

Birla Institute of Technology and Science

Birla Institute of Technology & Science (BITS) is an Indian institute of higher education and a deemed university under Section 3 of the UGC Act. The university has 15 academic departments, and focuses primarily on undergraduate education in engineering and the sciences.

The institute was established in its present form in 1964. BITS Pilani has established centres at Goa, Pilani, Hyderabad and Dubai

Indian Institute of Information Technology

Indian Institutes of Information Technology (IIITs) are a group of four institutes of higher education in India, focused on information technology. They are established by the central government, centrally funded, and managed by the Ministry of Human Resource Development.

National Institutes of Technology

The National Institutes of Technology (NIT) are premier colleges of engineering and technology education in India. They have also been given the status of "Institutes of National Importance" by the Government of India. They were originally called Regional Engineering Colleges (RECs). In 2002, the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India, decided to upgrade, in phases, all the original 17 Regional Engineering Colleges (RECs) as National Institutes of Technology (NITs). There are currently 30 NITs, with the inception of 10 new NITs in the year 2010. The Government of India has introduced the National Institutes of Technology (NIT) Act 2010 to bring 30 such institutions within the ambit of the act and to provide them with complete autonomy in their functioning. The NITs are deliberately scattered throughout the country in line with the government norm of an NIT in every major state of India to promote regional development. The individual NITs, after the introduction of the NIT Act, have been functioning as autonomous technical universities and hence can draft their own curriculum and functioning policies.

The admission to undergraduate programs of all the NITs was done by the All India Engineering Entrance Examination popularly known as AIEEE. From the year 2013, AIEEE was replaced by JEE(Main)in which 40% weightage is given to the Higher Secondary results and 60% weightage given to the JEE(Main) results. In addition to the NITs, a host of other well-known national level reputed institutes like DCE, NSIT, IIITs, PEC, Thapar University, DA-IICT, BIT Mesra accept students from the newly introduced examination. The examination is objective by nature and is conducted by the Central Board of Secondary Education popularly known as the CBSE. More than fourteen lakh(1,400,000) applicants took part in 2013 for approximately 15500 seats in the B. Tech and B. Arch programmes available in all the NITs put together.

Other Universities

Visvesvaraya Technological University (VTU)

Visvesvaraya Technological University is one of the largest universities in India, with 208 colleges affiliated to it with an intake capacity of over 467,100 undergraduate students and 12,666 postgraduate students. Students are admitted through Common Entrance Test.

University of Mumbai

The University of mumbai was ranked 41 among the Top 50 Engineering Schools of the world by America's news broadcasting firm Business Insider in 2012 and was the only university in the list from the five emerging BRICS nations viz Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa.[1] It ranked at 62 in the QS BRICS University rankings for 2013, a ranking of leading universities in the five BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa).[2] Its strongest scores in the QS University Rankings: BRICS are for papers per faculty (8th), employer reputation (20th) and citations per paper (28th).[3] It was ranked 10th among the top Universities of India by QS in 2013.[3] and was India's 3rd best Multi Disciplinary University in the QS University ranking.[3]

The best engineering colleges affiliated to University of Mumbai are Veermata Jijabai Technological Institute, Sardar Patel Institute of Technology and Sardar Patel College of Engineering which are ranked as top 50 engineering colleges in India.

Jadavpur University

Jadavpur University is located in Kolkata and is reputed for its engineering faculty. It features amongst the top universities in India, offering about 800 seats for its undergraduate program. Students are admitted through WBJEE.

Anna University

Anna University is one of the premier educational institutions located in Chennai. There are also a lot of engineering colleges that are affiliated under the University located all around Tamil Nadu. College of Engineering Guindy (CEG) also has the distinction of being the first engineering institute in India when it was founded as a School of Survey in 1794 under the Madras University before most of the engineering colleges in the State were merged under Anna University in 1978.

Vellore Institute of Technology

VIT University or VIT, formerly called Vellore Engineering College, is a prestigious Indian institute of higher education and a deemed university under Section 3 of the UGC Act. Founded in 1984, as Vellore Engineering College, by Mr. G. Viswanathan, the institution offers 20 undergraduate, 34 postgraduate, four integrated and four research programs. It has campuses both at Vellore and Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. VIT has ranked as one of the best Universities in India, and second best private University in India by India Today.

Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Petroleum Technology

The Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Petroleum Technology (RGIPT) at Jais, Dist. Rae Bareli, Uttar Pradesh through an Act of Parliament ("Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Petroleum Technology Act 2007"). RGIPT has been accorded the eminence of being an " Institute of National Importance" along the lines of the Indian Institutes of Technology (IIT). The Institute is empowered to award degrees in its own right. RGIPT is co-promoted as an energy domain specific institute by six leading Oil Public Sector Units (ONGC, IOCL, OIL, GAIL, BPCL and HPCL) in association with the Oil Industry Development Board (OIDB).[4]

The bachelor of Engineers (India)

In India RGPV Bhopal Provide this degree for Engineering Student.Top five colleges who provide this degree with lot of placements offers like TCS,IBM, and many more are

Uttar Pradesh, the largest state of India has around 700 Institutions and Universities apart from two IITs at Kanpur and Varanasi and one NIT called MNIT at Allahabad for imparting technical education. Some of the prominent Institutions are

The Institution of Engineers (India)

AMIE was established in 1920 in Kolkata, West Bengal and is acclaimed to have pioneered non-formal education in Engineering. IEI (I) conducts an examination for its Associate Membership(AMIE). This examination is considered to be on par with B.E. / B.Tech.[4] when contemplated as an eligibility qualification to write competitive examinations like the Indian Civil Service, Indian Engineering Services, GATE, etc., and for employment in Government, public and private sectors in India. This qualification is recognised by Ministry of HRD, Government of India as equivalent to B.E./ B.Tech.

There are 2 sections, namely Section A and Section B, who passed both of section he will be chartered engineer(CEng), chartered engineer(CEng) is considered as bachelor's degree in all National and International bodies.

Polytechnic Institutes

In India there are Institutions which offer three year diploma in engineering post Tenth class . These institutes have affiliation from state bord of technical education of respective state governments. after which one can apply for post of junior engineer or continue higher studies by appearing for exams of AMIE to become an engineering graduate.

List of States in India by number of Engineering Institutes

S.No State/Union Territory Number of Engineering Institutes[5]
1 Andhra Pradesh 1015
2 Arunachal Pradesh 300
3 Assam 23
4 Bihar 30
5 Chandigarh 9
6 Chhattisgarh 75
7 Delhi 37
8 Goa 10
8 Gujarat 120
9 Haryana 342
10 Himachal Pradesh 56
11 Jammu & Kashmir 28
12 Jharkhand 33
13 Karnataka 210
14 Kerala 198
15 Madhya Pradesh 2850
16 Maharashtra 5000
17 Manipur 2
17 Meghalaya 4
18 Orissa 125
19 Puducherry 21
20 Punjab 221
21 Rajasthan 338
22 Sikkim 50
23 Tamil Nadu 934
24 Tripura 2
25 Uttar Pradesh 700
26 Uttarakhand 545
27 West Bengal 156
- Total 10005

See also

References

  1. ↑ "The World's Best Engineering Schools". Business Insider. Retrieved 5 June 2013.
  2. ↑ http://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/brics-rankings/2013#sorting=rank+country=+stars=false+search=
  3. 1 2 3 http://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings-articles/brics-rankings/top-universities-india
  4. ↑ http://rgipt.ac.in/aboutus.htm
  5. ↑ "AICTE". Aicte-india.org. Archived from the original on 21 April 2012. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the Wednesday, May 04, 2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.