Eric I, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg

Eric I
Erich I. von Sachsen, Engern und Westfalen (de)
officially:
Duke of Saxony, Angria and Westphalia

colloquially: Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg or
Duke of Saxe-Ratzeburg-Lauenburg
Duchy of Saxony
(Joint rule with his uncle Albert II, at first fostering his nephews, and his brothers Albert III and John II)
Joint Reign 1282–1296
Predecessors John I and Albert II
Successors Eric I, Albert III and John II (jointly ruling in
partitioned Saxe-Lauenburg)
Duchy of Saxe-Lauenburg
(Joint rule with his brothers Albert III and John II)
Joint Reign 1296–1303
Joint predecessors Eric I, Albert II, Albert III and John II
Successor Eric I (ruling alone in
partitioned Saxe-Bergedorf-Lauenburg)
Duchy of Saxe-Bergedorf-Lauenburg
(partitioned as branch duchy from Saxe-Lauenburg)
Reign 1303–1308
Predecessor Albert III, Eric I, and John II (joint rule)
Successor Eric I (ruling alone in
repartitioned Saxe-Ratzeburg-Lauenburg)
Duchy of Saxe-Ratzeburg-Lauenburg (repartitioned at the reversion of Saxe-Ratzeburg to Eric I)
Reign 1308–1338
Predecessor Eric I (ruling alone in
partitioned Saxe-Bergedorf-Lauenburg)
Successor Eric II of Saxe-Lauenburg
Born ca. 1280
Died 1360
Nienburg upon Weser
Consort Elisabeth of Pomerania
Issue
Detail
Eric II (*-1368*)
John I, Prince-Bishop of Cammin
Helene (*?–after 1354*)
Jutta (*?–after 1354*)
House of Ascania (by birth)
Father John I, Duke of Saxony
Mother Ingeborg Birgersdotter of Småland
Religion Roman Catholic

Eric I of Saxe-Lauenburg (c.12801360) was a son of John I, Duke of Saxony, and Ingeborg Birgersdotter of Småland (*ca. 1253–30 June 1302*, Mölln), a daughter or grandchild of Birger jarl. He ruled Saxony jointly with his uncle Albert II and his brothers Albert III and John II, first fostered by Albert II, until coming of age. In 1296 Eric, his brothers and their uncle divided Saxony into Saxe-Wittenberg, ruled by Albert II, and Saxe-Lauenburg, jointly ruled by the brothers between 1296 and 1303 and thereafter partitioned among them. Eric then ruled the branch duchy of Saxe-Ratzeburg-Lauenburg until 1338.

Life

Eric's father John I resigned from dukedom in 1282 in favour of his three minor sons Albert III, Eric I, and John II. However, their uncle Albert II fostered them. Eric and his brothers came to age and joint the government. The last document, mentioning the brothers and their uncle Albert II as Saxon fellow dukes dates back to 1295.[1]

The definite partitioning of Saxony into Saxe-Lauenburg, jointly ruled by Eric I and his brothers and Saxe-Wittenberg, ruled by their uncle Albert II, took place before 20 September 1296, when the Vierlande, Sadelbande (Land of Lauenburg), the Land of Ratzeburg, the Land of Darzing (later Amt Neuhaus), and the Land of Hadeln are mentioned as the separate territory of the brothers.[1] Albert II received Saxe-Wittenberg around the eponymous city and Belzig.

Eric I and his brothers at first jointly ruled Saxe-Lauenburg, before they partitioned it into three parts, while the exclave Land of Hadeln remained a trilateral condominium. Eric then held Bergedorf (Vierlande) and Lauenburg and inherited the share of his childless brother Albert III, Saxe-Ratzeburg, after he already deceased in 1308 and a retained section from Albert's widow Margaret of Brandenburg-Salzwedel on her death.[2] However, his other brother then claimed a part for him, so in 1321 Eric passed Bergedorf (Vierlande) on to John II, whose share thus became known since as Saxe-Bergedorf-Mölln and Eric's as Saxe-Ratzeburg-Lauenburg.

In 1338 Eric I resigned in favour of his son Eric II. In the course of a feud between Eric II and the neighbouring Duke William of Brunswick and Lunenburg (Celle) the latter's troops expelled Eric I from his castle Riepenburg in Kirchwerder (today's Borough of Bergedorf, Hamburg) and he perished in exile at his granddaughter Jutta in Hoya's capital Nienburg upon Weser.

Marriage and issue

In 1316 or 1318 Eric married Elisabeth of Pomerania (*1291–after 16 October 1349*), daughter of Bogislaw IV, Duke of Pomerania. They had the following four children:

Notes

  1. 1 2 Cordula Bornefeld, "Die Herzöge von Sachsen-Lauenburg", in: Die Fürsten des Landes: Herzöge und Grafen von Schleswig, Holstein und Lauenburg [De slevigske hertuger; German], Carsten Porskrog Rasmussen (ed.) on behalf of the Gesellschaft für Schleswig-Holsteinische Geschichte, Neumünster: Wachholtz, 2008, pp. 373-389, here p. 375. ISBN 978-3-529-02606-5
  2. Cordula Bornefeld, "Die Herzöge von Sachsen-Lauenburg", in: Die Fürsten des Landes: Herzöge und Grafen von Schleswig, Holstein und Lauenburg [De slevigske hertuger; German], Carsten Porskrog Rasmussen (ed.) on behalf of the Gesellschaft für Schleswig-Holsteinische Geschichte, Neumünster: Wachholtz, 2008, pp. 373-389, here p. 377. ISBN 978-3-529-02606-5
Eric I, Duke of Saxony, Angria and Westphalia
Born: ca. 1280 Died: 1360 in Nienburg upon Weser
Regnal titles
Preceded by
John I and
Albert II
joint rule till 1282,
thereafter Albert II served as
regent for John I's minor sons
Dukes of Saxony
12821296
with Albert III (brother) (12821296)
John II (brother) (12821296)
Albert II (uncle) (12601296)
Succeeded by
Albert III,
Eric I and
John II

as Dukes of Saxe-Lauenburg
Succeeded by
Albert II
as Duke of Saxe-Wittenberg
New title
Partition of Saxe-Lauenburg
from Saxony
Dukes of Saxe-Lauenburg
12961303
with Albert III (brother) (12961303)
John II (brother) (12961303)
Succeeded by
Albert III
as Duke of Saxe-Ratzeburg
Succeeded by
John II
as Duke of Saxe-Mölln
Succeeded by
Eric I
as Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg-Bergedorf
New title
Partition of Saxe-Lauenburg-Bergedorf
from Saxe-Lauenburg
Duke of Saxe-Bergedorf-Lauenburg
in 1308 Eric inherited Albert III's branch duchy
13031321
Succeeded by
John II
as Duke of Saxe-Bergedorf-Mölln
Preceded by
Albert III
as Duke of Saxe-Ratzeburg
Succeeded by
Eric I
as Duke of Saxe-Ratzeburg-Lauenburg
New title
Eric I and John II territorially
redeployed the branch duchies
Duke of Saxe-Ratzeburg-Lauenburg
13211338
Succeeded by
Eric II
as Duke of Saxe-Ratzeburg-Lauenburg
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