FAM71D

Family with sequence similarity 71, member D
Identifiers
Symbols FAM71D ;
External IDs MGI: 1918147 HomoloGene: 49887 GeneCards: FAM71D Gene
Orthologs
Species Human Mouse
Entrez 161142 70897
Ensembl ENSG00000172717 ENSMUSG00000056987
UniProt Q8N9W8 D3YV92
RefSeq (mRNA) NM_173526.3 NM_029069.1
RefSeq (protein) NP_775797.2 NP_083345.1
Location (UCSC) Chr 14:
67.66 – 67.7 Mb		 Chr 12:
78.69 – 78.73 Mb
PubMed search

FAM71D, also known as chromosome 14 open reading frame 54 (C14orf54), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FAM71D gene on Chromosome 14.[1] Orthologs of FAM71D reach as far back in evolution to Reptiles, however, it is closer in homology to primates than any other orthologs. FAM71D has 6 paralogs: FAM71A, FAM71B, FAM71C, FAM71E1, FAM71F1, FAM71F2[2] which encode a protein of unknown function.

Gene

In humans, FAM71D is located at 14q23.3 and stretches between positions 67189393 and 67228550 (span 39157 bp).[3] It codes for at least 10 unique human protein isoforms: the primary isoform (422 aa; also denoted X1),[4][5][6][7] isoform X2 (417 aa),[8] isoform X3 (413 aa),[9] isoform X4 (400 aa),[10] isoform X5 (399 aa),[11] isoform X6 (398 aa),[12] isoform X7 (392 aa),[13][14] isoform X8 (389 aa),[15] isoform X9 (347 aa),[16] isoform X10 (336 aa)[17] In humans, FAM71D codes for an mRNA strand that is 1790 base pairs long. The human mRNA is composed of a 5' untranslated region that is 290 bases long and a 3' untranslated region that is 231 bases long[18] The gene has the following neighbors on the same chromosome:

MPP5: MAGUK p55 subfamily member 5 plays a role in tumor suppression and receptor clustering
GPHN: Gephyrin plays a role in anchoring inhibitory neurotransmitter receptors to postsynaptic cytoskeleton
AT6V1D: V-type proton ATPase subunit D, an ezyme that mediates acidifcation of eukaryotic intracellular organelles
SF3B44P1: Splicing Factor 3b, Subunit 4 Pseudogene 1
LOC101927920: Probable Ribosome Biogenesis Protein RLP24-Like
LOC105370538: Uncharacterized protein
LOC105370541: Uncharacterized protein

[19]

Homology

[20]

Genus and Species Common Name Accession Number Seq. Length Seq. Identity Seq. Similarity
Pan troglodytes Chimpanzee XP_0011335797.2 422 a 97% 98%
Chlorocebus Sabaeus Green Monkey XP_007985246.1 422 a 94% 97%
Macaca mulatta Rhesus macaque XP_001102828.2 422 a 94% 96%
Camelus dromedarius Dromedary XP_5010975019.1 476 a 70% 81%
Vicogna pacos Alpaca XP_006207055.1 573 a 70% 80%
Bos taurus Cattle XP_010807832.1 400 a 68% 79%
Odobenus rosmarus divergens Walrus XP_004397632.1 412 a 70% 81%
Pteropus vampyrus Large flying fox XP_011384479.1 527 a 73% 80%
Felis catus Cat XP_011281587.1 398 a 74% 82%
Mus musculus Mouse NP_083345.1 440 a 59% 74%
Oryctolagus cuniculus European rabbit XP_008270069.1 397 a 75% 84%
Capra hircus Goat XP_005686047.1 397 a 72% 82%
Pantholops hodgsonii Tibetan antelope XP_005961615.1 397 a 71% 82%
Ornicus orca KIller whale XP_XP_004262188.1 391 a 72% 81%
Tursiops trucatus Bottlenose dolphin XP_004322689.1 391 a 72% 81%
Phseter catodon Sperm whale XP_007119740.1 397 a 72% 82%
Equus caballus Horse XP_005605311.1 386 a 69% 79%
Ailuropoda melanoleuca Giant panda XP_0112304461.1 417 a 71% 81%
Fukomys demarensis Dimaraland mole-rat XP_010643626.1 412 a 74% 83%

Protein

The primary protein encoded by FAM71D in humans is 422 amino acids long with a molecular weight of 47076 Da.[21] THe protein is part of a functionally uncharacterized family of proteins (pfam 12480) with a domain of unknown function DUF3699.[22]

Structure

Several tools are available to predict the secondary structure of a protein. One tool that combines the results of few of them is PELE on SDSC Biology WorkBench.[23] According to this tool, the protein's secondary structure is mostly alpha helices, beta stands and coiled-coiled domains.

Post Translational Modifications

Like any other protein, this protein undergoes post-translational modifications. FAM71D is predicted to contain 2 nuclear export signals,[24] and lacks both a signal peptide[25] and transmembrane domains.[26]

Interactions

FAM71D interacts with PGK2,[27] TUBA3C,[27] and HSPB1.[28] FAM71D is also predicted to interact with the following proteins using STRING:[29]

THUMPD3: THUMP domain containing 3
CCDC170: Coiled-coil domain containing 170
KLH10: Kelch-like 10
TMEM48: Transmembrane protein 48
SHCBP1L: SHC SH2-domain binding protein
ASNA1: arsA arsenite transporter
PPP1R16A: Protein Phosphate 1, regulatory subunit 16A
IZUMO1: izumo sperm-egg fusion 1
SF3B2: Splicing factor 3b, submit 2
TUBB4B: Tubulin, beta 4B class IVb

Expression

FAM71D is primarily expressed in the testis of humans only expressed during the adult developmental stage.[30] GEO microarray data also supports the expression of FAM71D in humans[31]

[32]

Clinical Relevance

No studies have directly associated FAM71D protein with certain diseases. However, using NCBI GEO Profiles, FAM71D was found to be over-expressed in patients suffering from unruptured Intracranial aneurysms

References

  1. ↑ "NCBI Protein".
  2. ↑ "NCBI BLAST (National Center for Biotechnology Information)".
  3. ↑ "NCBI Gene".
  4. ↑ "NCBI Protein (National Center for Biotechnology Information)".
  5. ↑ "NCBI Protein (National Center for Biotechnology Information)".
  6. ↑ "NCBI Protein (National Center for Biotechnology Information)".
  7. ↑ "NCBI Protein (National Center for Biotechnology Information)".
  8. ↑ "NCBI Protein (National Center for Biotechnology Information)".
  9. ↑ "NCBI Protein (National Center for Biotechnology Information)".
  10. ↑ "NCBI Protein (National Center for Biotechnology Information)".
  11. ↑ "NCBI Protein (National Center for Biotechnology Information)".
  12. ↑ "NCBI Protein (National Center for Biotechnology Information)".
  13. ↑ "NCBI Protein (National Center for Biotechnology Information)".
  14. ↑ "NCBI Protein (National Center for Biotechnology Information)".
  15. ↑ "NCBI Protein (National Center for Biotechnology Information)".
  16. ↑ "NCBI Protein (National Center for Biotechnology Information)".
  17. ↑ "NCBI Protein (National Center for Biotechnology Information)".
  18. ↑ "NCBI Nucleotide (National Center for Biotechnology Information)".
  19. ↑ "NCBI Gene (National Center for Biotechnology Information)".
  20. ↑ "NCBI Blast (National Center for Biotechnology Information)".
  21. ↑ "PhosphositePlus".
  22. ↑ "NCBI Conserved Domains (National Center for Biotechnology Information)".
  23. ↑ "Biology Workbench".
  24. ↑ "CBS (Center of Biological Sequence Analysis)".
  25. ↑ "CBS (Center of Biological Sequence Analysis)".
  26. ↑ "CBS (Center of Biological Sequence Analysis)".
  27. 1 2 "BioGrid3.3".
  28. ↑ "Mentha".
  29. ↑ "STRING 10".
  30. ↑ "NCBI UniGene (National Center for Biotechnology Information)".
  31. ↑ "NCBI UniGene (National Center for Biotechnology Information)".
  32. ↑ "NCBI Gene (National Center for Biotechnology Information)".

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