François-Joseph d'Offenstein

François-Joseph Offenstein
Born 27 July 1760
Erstein, Alsace, France
Died 27 September 1837(1837-09-27) (aged 77)
Mouzay, Meuse, France
Allegiance French Army
Years of service 1777 - 1816
Rank Major General (Revolutionary Wars)
Brigadier General (First Empire)
Battles/wars French Revolutionary Wars
French Directory
French Consulate
First French Empire
Awards Officer of the Legion of Honor
Baron of the First French Empire

François-Joseph d'Offenstein (27 July 1760 – 27 September 1837), Baron of the Ist Empire, was a French general and military commander during the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars.

Biography

Offenstein was born in Erstein, French Alsace, on July 27, 1760 to the butcher François-Joseph Offenstein and Catherine Reibel, he grew up in Alsace during the French Ancien Régime before joining the royal army at the age of 16 in 1777.

Major in 1790, then Lieutenant Colonel two years later, he was nominated at age 33 in July 1793 Brigadier General and thanks to his political support, he climbed to the rank of Major General two months later to become the Commandant in chief of Neuf-Brisach, nevertheless, a year later, in 1794, he had been relieved of his command by the leaders of Hentz and Goujon for having confused on a map a river with a road when he was assigned with a division of 18.000 men inside the Army of Moselle. We may easily explain this strategic mistake by the fact his education was botched: indeed, although he was a Major General, he was not able to read correctly. That ignorance in some areas led him to be the abiding source of jokes (even if they were most of the time exaggerated) at the general staff. Despite it, Offenstein considered himself as a soldier and just a soldier. He never disputed a direct order. Further to his demotion, he quit the Army. In 1796 when he was called back, downgraded to the rank of Brigader Chief.

On July 15, 1804, Napoleon I of France made him Officer de la Legion of Honor during the first awards ceremony of the Legion of Honor at the Invalides of Paris for his participation to nearly all the battles of the Rhine during the French Revolutionary Wars and many fights during the French Consulate.

In 1806, he joined the Grande Armée.

Thanks to his military experience and his faithfulness in France, Napoleon, who liked his officer qualities, nominated him again, in 1807, at the rank of Brigadier General of the Grande Armée after his heroic acts during the battle of Heilsberg. From 1807, he worked at the general-staff with the Marshal Brune

On June 26, 1809, Napoleon gave him the title of Baron of the first Empire. In that way, in 1809, his family name "Offenstein" became "d'Offenstein"

Offenstein died in 1837 at age 77 during the July Monarchy.

Offenstein got married in 1803 with Marie Barbe Lamarcq and got two son : Guillaume François (1804–1865) and Eugène Auguste (1808–1863)

Offenstein has a family connection with the Pr. Paul Rohmer (1876–1977), a French physician considered as the father of the modern paediatrics in the east corner of France.

Honour & Homage

Service record

During the Ancien Régime in France

During the French Revolutionary Wars

During the French Directory

During the French Consulate

During the First French Empire

During the first Bourbon Restoration

During the Hundred Days

During the second Bourbon Restoration

Sources

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