Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein

Francis Joseph II
Franz Joseph II official portrait
Prince of Liechtenstein
Reign	25 July 1938 – 13 November 1989
Predecessor	Franz I
Successor	Hans-Adam II
Prime Ministers	See list Josef Hoop Alexander Frick Gerard Batliner Alfred Hilbe Walter Kieber Hans Brunhart
Born	16 August 1906 Schloss Frauenthal, Deutschlandsberg, Austria-Hungary
Died	13 November 1989 (aged 83) Grabs, Switzerland
Burial	St. Florian Cathedral Vaduz
Spouse	Countess Georgina von Wilczek
Issue	Hans-Adam II, Prince of Liechtenstein Prince Phillipp Prince Nikolaus Princess Nora, Marchioness of Mariño Prince Wenzel
Full name Franz Josef Maria Aloys Alfred Karl Johannes Heinrich Michael Georg Ignaz Benediktus Gerhardus Majella
House	Liechtenstein
Father	Prince Aloys of Liechtenstein
Mother	Archduchess Elisabeth Amalie of Austria
Religion	Roman Catholic

Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein (Franz Josef Maria Aloys Alfred Karl Johannes Heinrich Michael Georg Ignaz Benediktus Gerhardus Majella; 16 August 1906 – 13 November 1989) was the reigning Prince of Liechtenstein from 1938 until his death.

Franz Joseph was the son of Prince Aloys of Liechtenstein and Archduchess Elisabeth Amalie of Austria. He succeeded his childless grand-uncle, Prince Franz I, after his father renounced his right of succession in his favour in 1923.

During his reign women received voting rights for the first time, following a referendum on the topic (among men only) in 1984.

Franz Joseph was an extremely popular sovereign in Liechtenstein. He was the first ruling prince to live full-time in the principality. He also oversaw the economic development of Liechtenstein from a poor agricultural backwater into one of the richest countries (per capita) in the world.

World War II

Liechtenstein remained neutral throughout World War II, and its neutrality was never violated by any of the combatants.

Just before the end of the war the Prince granted political asylum for 494 Russian White emigres led by General Boris Smyslovsky.^[1]

However, in 2005, it was revealed that Jewish labourers from the Strasshof concentration camp, provided by the SS, had worked on estates in Austria owned by Liechtenstein's Princely House.^[2]

Marriage and children

On 7 March 1943, at Vaduz, Franz Joseph II married Countess Georgina von Wilczek (24 October 1921 – 18 October 1989). They had five children:

• Hans-Adam II, Prince of Liechtenstein (born 14 February 1945, Zurich), married Countess Marie Aglaë of Wchinitz and Tettau and had four children.
• Prince Philipp Erasmus of Liechtenstein (full name: Prince Philipp Erasmus Alois Ferdinand Maria Sebaldus, born 19 August 1946, Zürich). Married in Brussels on 11 September 1971 Isabelle Fernande Ghislaine Guillemette Elisabeth de L'Arbre de Malander (born 24 November 1947, Ronse), daughter of Jean Baptiste de L'Arbre de Malander and wife Guillemette Grassal. Together, they have 3 sons:
  • Prince Alexander Wilhelm Hans Adam of Liechtenstein (born 19 May 1972, Basel). Married civilly in Vaduz on 24 January 2003 and religiously in Salzburg on 8 February 2003 Astrid Barbara Kohl (born 13 September 1968, Regensburg), daughter of Theodor Kohl and wife Ingrid Schlechta. They had one daughter:
    • Princess Theodora Alexandra Isabella Antonia Nora Marie of Liechtenstein (born 20 November 2004, Chêne-Bougeries, Geneva, Switzerland), founder of the Green Teen Team wildlife project.^[3]
  • Prince Wenzeslaus of Liechtenstein (born 12 May 1974, Uccle). He used to date model Adriana Lima.
  • Prince Rudolf Ferdinand of Liechtenstein (b. Uccle, 7 September 1975). Married in Istanbul on 20 April 2012 Miss Tilsim Tanberk.
    • Princess Alienor Faye of Liechtenstein (29 September 2014 - 13 December 2015) ^[4]
• Prince Nikolaus of Liechtenstein (born 24 October 1947, Zurich), married Princess Margaretha of Luxembourg, and had four children.
• Princess Nora of Liechtenstein (born 31 October 1950, Zurich), married in Vaduz civilly on 10 June 1988 and religiously on 11 June 1988 Vicente Sartorius y Cabeza de Vaca, 3rd Marqués de Mariño (Madrid, 30 November 1931 – Ibiza, 22 June 2002), and had an only daughter:
  • Doña María Teresa Sartorius y de Liechtenstein (b. Madrid, 21 November 1992).
• Prince Franz Josef of Liechtenstein (Zurich, 19 November 1962 – Vaduz, 28 February 1991).

Final years

Franz Joseph handed over most of his powers to his son, Hans-Adam, on 26 August 1984.^[5] Franz Joseph II died on 13 November 1989, a mere twenty-six days after his wife. Ruling Liechtenstein for 51 years, he was the longest-ruling sovereign in Europe and the longest-serving national leader in the world at the time of his death.

Titles, styles and honours

Honours

National honour

•  Liechtenstein: Sovereign Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Principality of Liechtenstein, Grand Star^{[6][7][8][9][10][11]}

Foreign honours

• Austria
  • Austrian Imperial and Royal family: 1, 240th Knight with Collar of the Order of the Golden Fleece^[8][12]
  • Austrian Imperial and Royal family: Knight Grand Cordon with Collar of the Imperial and Royal Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary^[13]
  •  Austria: Grand Cross of the Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria, Grand Star^[14]
• Greek Royal Family: Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Order of the Redeemer^[12][15]
• Iranian Imperial Family: Recipient of the Commemorative Medal of the 2,500 year Celebration of the Persian Empire^[16]
•  Italy
  •   Vatican: Knight Grand Cross with Collar of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre^[17]
    •  Holy See: Knight Grand Cross with Collar of the Order of Pope Pius IX^[18][19]

Ancestry

Ancestors of Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein

16. Johann I Joseph, Prince of Liechtenstein               8. Prince Franz de Paula of Liechtenstein                       17. Landgravine Josepha of Fürstenberg-Weitra               4. Prince Alfred of Liechtenstein                             18. Count Alfred Wojciech Potocki-Piława               9. Countess Ewa Józefina Julia Potocka                       19. Princess Josephina Maria Czartoryska               2. Prince Aloys of Liechtenstein                                   20. Johann I Joseph, Prince of Liechtenstein (= 16)               10. Aloys II, Prince of Liechtenstein                       21. Landgravine Josepha of Fürstenberg-Weitra (= 17)               5. Princess Henriette Maria of Liechtenstein                             22. Count Franz de Paula Kinsky von Wchinitz und Tettau               11. Countess Franziska Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau                       23. Countess Therese von Wrbna und Freudenthal               1. Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein                                         24. Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor               12. Archduke Franz Karl of Austria                       25. Princess Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily               6. Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria                             26. Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria               13. Princess Sophie of Bavaria                       27. Princess Caroline of Baden               3. Archduchess Elisabeth Amalie of Austria                                   28. John VI of Portugal               14. Miguel I of Portugal                       29. Infanta Charlotte of Spain               7. Infanta Maria Theresa of Portugal                             30. Constantine, Hereditary Prince of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg               15. Princess Adelaide of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg                       31. Princess Agnes of Hohenlohe-Langenburg

Footnotes

1. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,818218,00.html ARGENTINA: Last of the Wehrmacht – Monday, Apr. 13, 1953
2. BBC, "Nazi crimes taint Liechtenstein" 14 April, 2005 Access date: 3 April 2007.
3. "Alexander and Theodora of Liechtenstein in Romania". Luxarazzi.
4. Access date: 29 December 2015.
5. "Principality of Liechtenstein". oocities.org. Retrieved 3 September 2015.
6. https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Fürst_Franz_Josef_II._von_und_zu_Liechtenstein_mit_Fürstin_Gina.jpg
7. https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/1c/ce/74/1cce749ad8eeb021537f489702633189.jpg
8. , Prince Franz Joseph II wearing the Liechtenstein and Austrian decorations
9. "Image: FranzJosefGinasapphires.jpg, (640 × 423 px)". 3.bp.blogspot.com. Retrieved 3 September 2015.
10. "Image: 2008_11_b_011_14_012.jpg, (357 × 500 px)". service.gmg.biz. Retrieved 6 September 2015.
11. . m.volksblatt.li - Fotogalerie http://www.volksblatt.li/medienarchiv/thumbnails/CenterMiddle/614x346/12_11_2009_327_b_26_031_001.jpg - Fotogalerie Check |url= value (help). Retrieved 3 September 2015. Missing or empty |title= (help)
12. , Prince Franz Joseph II wearing the Austrian and Greek Orders
13. http://i.ebayimg.com/images/i/361233823783-0-1/s-l1000.jpg
14. "Reply to a parliamentary question" (pdf) (in German). p. 231. Retrieved 13 October 2012.
15. "Fiestas y bailes anteriores a una boda real by Manuesevilla :: Foros Realeza | Wedding of Juan Carlos of Spain and Sophia of Greece". realeza.foros.ws. Retrieved 3 September 2015.
16. http://badraie.com/images/liechtenstein.JPG
17. "Erste feierliche Investitur der Schweiz | Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem". oessh.ch. Retrieved 3 September 2015.
18. http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-lGQQsmWDFx4/U110hNXlqzI/AAAAAAAAIzM/UtxgLoobC4Q/s1600/1983.jpg
19. http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-YYqZ5FosV8Q/U11wnMF5r_I/AAAAAAAAIyw/osMgo1hcOGc/s1600/1960.jpg

See also

• Princely Family of Liechtenstein

External links

• Princely House of Liechtenstein