Freeport, Illinois

Freeport
Winneshiek
City
The Civil War era Soldiers' Monument and the Stephenson County Courthouse in Freeport
Nickname: Pretzel City, USA
Country United States
State Illinois
County Stephenson
Township Freeport
Elevation 778 ft (237 m)
Coordinates 42°17′31″N 89°37′49″W / 42.29194°N 89.63028°W / 42.29194; -89.63028Coordinates: 42°17′31″N 89°37′49″W / 42.29194°N 89.63028°W / 42.29194; -89.63028
Area 11.79 sq mi (31 km2)
 - land 11.78 sq mi (31 km2)
 - water 0.01 sq mi (0 km2)
Population 25,638 (2010)
Density 2,316.9 / sq mi (895 / km2)
Founded 1827
Date 1838
Mayor James Gitz
Postal code 61032
Area code 815/779
Location of Freeport within Illinois
Wikimedia Commons: Freeport, Illinois
Website: http://www.ci.freeport.il.us/

Freeport is the county seat and largest city of Stephenson County, Illinois.[1] The population was 25,638 at the 2010 census, and the mayor of Freeport is James Gitz, elected in 2013. Freeport is known for hosting the second Lincoln-Douglas debate of 1858, and as "Pretzel City, USA", named after the heritage of its Germanic settlers in the 1850s and the Billerbeck Bakery pretzel company that started as a result of their arrival. Freeport High School's mascot is the Pretzel to honor this unique heritage.

History

The community was originally called Winneshiek.[2] When it was incorporated, the new municipality took its name "Freeport" from the generosity of Tutty Baker, who was credited with running a "Free Port" on the Pecatonica River. The name 'Winneshiek' was later adopted, and is preserved to this day, by the Freeport Community Theatre Group.

In 1837, Stephenson County was formed and Freeport became its seat of government in 1838. Linked by a stagecoach with Chicago, the community grew rapidly. In 1840, a frame courthouse was erected and the first school was founded. Within two years, Freeport had two newspapers and in 1853, the two were joined by a third which published in German. By then, the community had a population of 2,000.

On August 27, 1858, the second debate between Abraham Lincoln and Stephen A. Douglas took place in Freeport and gave the nation direction in the following years. Although Stephen Douglas won the election and retained his U.S. Senate seat, his reply to a question on slavery alienated the South, which called it the "Freeport Heresy", and split the Democratic Party.[3] This enabled Abraham Lincoln to win the Presidency in 1860.

A monument to the debate was dedicated in 1903 by President Theodore Roosevelt and stands at this site. A life size statue recreating the event was dedicated in 1992. Another renowned statue, "Lincoln the Debator" by Leonard Crunelle, is a focal point in the city's Taylor Park. In many years there is also a reenactment of the debate, which has been shown on C-SPAN.

Freeport is known as the Pretzel City, and its public high school's team is named the Pretzels. The nickname is a reminder of Freeport's ethnic heritage; in the late 1850s, many Germans, both from Pennsylvania and from their European homeland, resettled in Stephenson County bringing with them their love of pretzel snacks.[4] In 1869, a German immigrant named John Billerbeck[5] established the Billerbeck Bakery which distributed so many pretzels to residents that the local newspaper later dubbed Freeport the "Pretzel City". The city later capitalized on this nickname in 2003 by starting Freeport's first "Pretzel Festival."[6][7]

Freeport is home to the oldest Carnegie Library in Illinois and one of the first Carnegie Libraries designed by the famous Chicago architectural firm of Patton and Miller.

Before February 1893, a large square of land was purchased from the former Keller-Wittbecker farm in "East Freeport". Some of this land had recently been subdivided and platted as the "Arcade Addition".[8] The Arcade Manufacturing Company had been in operation since 1885 when the previous Novelty Iron Works had gone out of business at the corner of Chicago and Jackson streets. That earlier company began as early as 1868. After the 1892 fire, the Arcade Manufacturing Company built an entirely new factory in the Arcade Addition of East Freeport, where they produced coffee mills and other metal products.

Media

Local Freeport media include WFRL Radio (1570 AM), WFPS Radio (92.1 FM) and The Journal Standard daily newspaper.

Geography

Buildings in downtown Freeport, Illinois

Freeport is located approximately 20 miles (32 km) south of the Wisconsin border, and at the center of a large agricultural area, located about 25 miles (40 km) west of Rockford.

According to the 2010 census, Freeport has a total area of 11.79 square miles (30.54 km2), of which 11.78 square miles (30.51 km2) (or 99.92%) is land and 0.01 square miles (0.03 km2) (or 0.08%) is water.[9]

U.S. Route 20 is a four-lane divided highway that skirts the community's northern edge. At Rockford, it links with Interstates 90 and 39, giving Freeport residents access to the entire Interstate system. I-90 is the major route between Boston and Seattle. I-39 extends from Rockford to Bloomington, where it links with I-74 and I-55. From Freeport, U.S. 20 continues west to Galena, and the metropolitan area of Dubuque, Iowa.

The area code for Freeport is 815 with an overlay area code of 779 as of March 17, 2007.

Climate

Climate data for Freeport, Illinois
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °F (°C) 25
(−4)		 30
(−1)		 43
(6)		 57
(14)		 70
(21)		 79
(26)		 82
(28)		 81
(27)		 73
(23)		 61
(16)		 45
(7)		 30
(−1)		 56.3
(13.5)
Average low °F (°C) 9
(−13)		 14
(−10)		 25
(−4)		 36
(2)		 46
(8)		 57
(14)		 63
(17)		 59
(15)		 50
(10)		 39
(4)		 28
(−2)		 16
(−9)		 36.8
(2.7)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 1.331
(33.8)		 1.331
(33.8)		 2.142
(54.4)		 3.23
(82)		 3.961
(100.6)		 4.461
(113.3)		 3.571
(90.7)		 4.11
(104.4)		 3.669
(93.2)		 2.579
(65.5)		 2.689
(68.3)		 1.72
(43.7)		 34.794
(883.7)
Source: weather.com[10]

Demographics

Historical population
Census Pop. %±
1840491—
18501,436192.5%
18605,376274.4%
18707,88946.7%
18808,5167.9%
189010,18919.6%
190013,25830.1%
191017,58732.7%
192019,66911.8%
193022,04512.1%
194022,3681.5%
195022,4670.4%
196026,62818.5%
197027,7364.2%
198026,266−5.3%
199025,840−1.6%
200026,4432.3%
201025,638−3.0%
Est. 201424,851[11]−3.1%
Census Quickfacts [12]

As of the census[13] of 2000, there were 26,443 people, 11,222 households, and 6,845 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,316.9 people per square mile (894.8/km²). There were 12,471 housing units at an average density of 1,092.7/sq mi (422.0/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 81.77% White, 13.81% African American, 0.19% Native American, 0.97% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 1.00% from other races, and 2.22% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.12% of the population.

There were 11,222 households out of which 28.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.1% were married couples living together, 12.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.0% were non-families. 33.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 15.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.29 and the average family size was 2.93.

In the city the population was spread out with 24.5% under the age of 18, 8.5% from 18 to 24, 27.8% from 25 to 44, 21.2% from 45 to 64, and 18.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 87.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 83.8 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $35,399, and the median income for a family was $43,787. Males had a median income of $35,870 versus $25,095 for females. The per capita income for the city was $18,680. About 9.9% of families and 13.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.6% of those under age 18 and 9.5% of those age 65 or over.

Economy

The Freeport Public Library on the cusp of downtown Freeport

Tourism

Education

Public schools

Private schools

Colleges

Parks and recreation

Lincoln the Debater by sculptor Leonard Crunelle, in Taylor Park

Notable people

References

  1. ↑ "Fifteenth Judicial Circuit". State of Illinois. Retrieved 2014-01-20.
  2. ↑ Chicago and North Western Railway Company (1908). A History of the Origin of the Place Names Connected with the Chicago & North Western and Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha Railways. p. 74.
  3. ↑ Guelzom A. (2008). Lincoln and Douglas: The Debates that Defined America, page 162. Simon & Schuster ISBN 0-7432-7320-6
  4. ↑ http://www.illinois.com/details/city.php?cityFips=1727884 Archived February 2, 2015, at the Wayback Machine.
  5. ↑ B. Eilders. "John Billerbeck (1835-1899) » Stamboom familie Eilders » Genealogie Online". Genealogie Online. Retrieved September 27, 2015.
  6. ↑ "Let's twist again". tribunedigital-chicagotribune. Retrieved September 27, 2015.
  7. ↑ Blair Thomas. "Pretzel City Festival in Freeport". Illinois Farm Bureau Partners. Retrieved September 27, 2015.
  8. ↑ Reference to the ebook History of Stephenson County Illinois, Arcade Manufacturing Company, page 510.
  9. ↑ "G001 - Geographic Identifiers - 2010 Census Summary File 1". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2015-12-27.
  10. ↑ "Monthly Averages for Freeport, IL". Retrieved 2008-02-28.
  11. ↑ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2014". Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  12. ↑ "Census of Population and Housing - U.S. Census Bureau". Census.gov. 2013-02-20. Retrieved 2013-06-14.
  13. ↑ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  14. ↑ "Official site". Stephenson County Historical Society Museum. Retrieved 11 December 2015.
  15. ↑ "Official site". Freeport Art Museum. Retrieved 11 December 2015.
  16. ↑ http://www.freeportschooldistrict.com/csand/site/default.asp Archived March 14, 2012, at the Wayback Machine.
  17. ↑ http://www.freeportschooldistrict.com/fjhs/site/default.asp Archived March 1, 2012, at the Wayback Machine.
  18. ↑ http://www.freeportschooldistrict.com/elc/site/default.asp Archived March 1, 2012, at the Wayback Machine.
  19. ↑ "Blackhawk Elementary School". Freeportschooldistrict.com. Retrieved 2013-06-14.
  20. ↑ http://www.freeportschooldistrict.com/center/site/default.asp Archived March 14, 2012, at the Wayback Machine.
  21. ↑ "Empire Elementary School". Freeportschooldistrict.com. Retrieved 2013-06-14.
  22. ↑ "Lincoln-Douglas Elementary School". Freeportschooldistrict.com. Retrieved 2013-06-14.
  23. ↑ "Taylor Park Elementary School". Freeportschooldistrict.com. Retrieved 2013-06-14.
  24. ↑ http://www.immanuellutheranfreeport.com/School/school_home.htm Archived February 3, 2015, at the Wayback Machine.
  25. ↑ "Aquinis Catholic Schools - Freeport, IL". Aquinschools.org. Retrieved 2013-06-14.
  26. ↑ "Tri-County Christian School". Tricountychristian.org. Retrieved 2013-06-14.
  27. ↑ http://www.freeportopenbible.com/learningcenter_staff.html/ Archived January 14, 2015, at the Wayback Machine.
  28. ↑ "Highland Community College". Highland.edu. Retrieved 2013-06-14.
  29. ↑ "Columbia College Freeport at Highland Community College". Ccis.edu. Retrieved 2013-06-14.
  30. ↑ AwardsRecognitionWinners.pdf Archived March 14, 2012, at the Wayback Machine.
  31. ↑ 'Wisconsin Blue Book 1933,' Biographical Sketch of Francis Lamb, pg. 231
  32. ↑ 'Illinois Blue Book 1951-1952, Biographical Sketch of Edward E. Laughlin, pg. 170
  33. ↑ "Staff Directory". Essanay Studios. Retrieved 7 March 2015.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Freeport, Illinois.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Freeport, Illinois.
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