Fulvia (gens)

The gens Fulvia, originally Foulvia, was one of the most illustrious plebeian families at Rome.[1] By the end of the fourth century BC, they had joined the nobiles through the patronage of the Fabii, who supported the successful candidacy of Lucius Fulvius Curvus for the consulship of 322 BC.[2] They were long active in the politics of the Republic, and gained a reputation for producing excellent military leaders.

Origin

According to Cicero, this gens came to Rome from Tusculum, although some members must have remained in their native place, since Fulvii occur at Tusculum as late as the time of Cicero. The gens Fulvia was believed to have received its sacra from Hercules after he had accomplished his twelve labours.[1]

Praenomina used

The Fulvii used the praenomina Lucius, Gnaeus, Marcus, Quintus, Servius, and Gaius. In the first century BC we also find Fulvii named Publius and Aulus, but these are not known from any of the major families of the gens.[1]

Branches and cognomina

The cognomens which occur in this gens in the time of the Republic are Bambalio, Centumalus, Curvus, Flaccus, Gillo, Nobilior, Paetinus, and Veratius or Neratius.[1]

Curvus, which means "bent" or "crooked," is the first cognomen of the Fulvii to occur in history, although it is not known whether the name was due to some physical peculiarity, such as a bent nose, or crooked leg, or whether the name was bestowed metaphorically or ironically.[3]

Paetinus was originally an agnomen of the Curvus family name, which it superseded; it is a lengthened form of Paetus, a cognomen in many Roman gentes, and was indicative of a person who had a slight cast in the eye, for which reason it was classed by Pliny with the word Strabo.[4] However, Horace makes clear that it did not indicate such a complete distortion of vision as Strabo; for he describes a father calling a son who was Strabo by the name of Paetus when he wished to extenuate the defect.[5] Indeed, the slight cast implied by the word Paetus was considered attractive, and it was given as an epithet to Venus.[1][6][7]

As the cognomen of Curvus was superseded by that of Paetinus, so the latter was in turn superseded by Nobilior, meaning "very noble". This name seems to have been first assumed by the consul of 255 BC, and his descendants dropped the name of Paetinus.[1][3]

The relationship of the Fulvii Centumali to the other branches of the family is unclear; but from the fact that they appear in history only slightly later than the Curvi and Paetini, and because they used the same praenomina as that branch, it seems probable that they were closely connected indeed.

Bambalio refers to a tendency to stammer.[1]

To this list, some scholars append Nacca, or Natta, a fuller, based on a Lucius Fulvius Nacca or Natta, supposedly the brother-in-law of Publius Claudius Pulcher. Cicero mentions this Natta on two occasions, but does not mention his gentile name. Servius calls him Pinarius Natta, in a passage of uncertain genuineness, but the only known wife of Clodius was Fulvia; thus it is widely believed that her brother must have been Lucius Fulvius Natta, although that surname is otherwise unknown in the Fulvia gens. Drumann, however, provides reason to suppose that Clodius was married twice, and that his first wife was Pinaria; in which case Natta was not the brother of Fulvia.[1][8]

Members

This list includes abbreviated praenomina. For an explanation of this practice, see filiation.

Fulvii Curvi, Paetini, et Nobiliores

Fulvii Centumali

Fulvii Flacci

Others

See also

List of Roman gentes

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, Editor.
  2. Klaus Bringmann, A History of the Roman Republic (2007), p. 53.
  3. 1 2 John C. Traupman, ‘’The New College Latin & English Dictionary’’ (Bantam, 1995).
  4. Gaius Plinius Secundus, Historia Naturalis xi. 37. s. 55.
  5. Quintus Horatius Flaccus, Satirae i. 3. 45.
  6. Publius Ovidius Naso, Ars Amatoria ii. 659.
  7. Priapeia, 36.
  8. Wilhelm Drumann, Geschichte Roms ii. p. 370.
  9. Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita viii. 38, ix. 21.
  10. Gaius Plinius Secundus, Historia Naturalis vii. 44.
  11. Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita ix. 44.
  12. Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita x. 9.
  13. Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita x. 23.
  14. Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita xxxix. 44, xl. 42.
  15. Marcus Tullius Cicero, Brutus 20.
  16. Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita xl. 41.
  17. T. Robert S. Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic (1952).
  18. Fasti Triumphales.
  19. Gaius Sallustius Crispus, The Conspiracy of Catiline 17.
  20. Marcus Tullius Cicero, Epistulae ad Atticum iv. 16. § 12.
  21. Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita x. 4, 11, 22, 26, 27, 30.
  22. Fasti Capitolini.
  23. Polybius, The Histories ii. 11, 12.
  24. Florus, Epitome de T. Livio Bellorum Omnium Annorum DCC libri duo ii. 5.
  25. Eutropius, Breviarium historiae Romanae iii. 4.
  26. Paulus Orosius, Historiarum Adversum Paganos Libri VII iv. 13.
  27. Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita xxiv. 43, 44, xxv. 41, xxvi. 1, 28, xxvii. 1.
  28. Polybius, The Histories ix. 6.
  29. Eutropius, Breviarium historiae Romanae iii. 14.
  30. Paulus Orosius, Historiarum Adversum Paganos Libri VII iv. 17.
  31. Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita xxxv. 10, 20, 23, 24.
  32. Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita xxv. 3, 21, xxvi. 2, 3.
  33. Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita xxvi. 33, xxvii. 8.
  34. Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita xxxi. 4.
  35. Gaius Julius Solinus, De Mirabilis Mundi 7.
  36. Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita xxxix. 44.
  37. Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita xxxviii. 42, xl. 37, 41.
  38. Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita xl. 30.
  39. 1 2 Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita Epitome 56.
  40. Appianus, The Illyrian Wars 10.
  41. Marcus Tullius Cicero, Brutus 21, 32; De Inventione i. 43.
  42. Paulus Orosius, Historiarum Adversum Paganos Libri VII v. 6
  43. Marcus Tullius Cicero, Pro Domo Sua 43.
  44. Napoleon III. Histoire de Jules César Volume 1, p. 253 Paris: H. Plon 1865
  45. Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita xxx. 21, xxxi. 4, 6.
  46. Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita xlv. 16.
  47. Marcus Tullius Cicero, Philippicae ii. 36, iii. 6.
  48. Marcus Tullius Cicero, Pro Flacco 20.
  49. Quintus Asconius Pedianus, in Cic. Milon. 40, 54, ed. Orelli.
  50. Gaius Sallustius Crispus, The Conspiracy of Catiline 39.
  51. Lucius Cassius Dio Cocceianus, Roman History xxxvii. 36.
  52. Valerius Maximus, Factorum ac Dictorum Memorabilium libri IX v. 8. § 5.
  53. Lucius Cassius Dio Cocceianus, Roman History lxxviii. 36. He may be the same man as the praefectus urbi killed in AD 222.
  54. Lucius Cassius Dio Cocceianus, Roman History lxxix. 21.
  55. Flavius Vopiscus, Carinus 16.

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1870). "article name needed". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology. 

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