Galactography

For intended astronomical meanings, see galaxy.

Galactography or ductography (or galactogram, ductogram) is a medical diagnostic procedure for viewing the milk ducts. The procedure involves the radiography of the ducts after injection of a radiopaque substance into the duct system. The procedure is used for investigating the pathology of nipple discharge.

Galactography is capable of detecting smaller abnormalities than mammograms, MRI or ultrasound tests. With galactography, a larger part of the ductal system can be visualized than with the endoscopic investigation of a duct (called galactoscopy or ductoscopy).

Causes for nipple discharge include duct ectasia, intraductal papilloma, and occasionally ductal carcinoma in situ or invasive ductal carcinoma.^[1]

The standard treatment of galactographically suspicious breast lesions is to perform a surgical intervention on the concerned duct or ducts: if the discharge clearly stems from a single duct, then the excision of the duct (microdochectomy) is indicated;^[2] if the discharge comes from several ducts or if no specific duct could be determined, then a subareolar resection of the ducts (Hadfield's procedure) is performed instead.^[2]

To avoid infection, galactography should not be performed when the nipple discharge contains pus.^[3]

References

↑ William E. G. Thomas; Norbert Senninger (1 February 2008). Short Stay Surgery. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 136. ISBN 978-3-540-69028-3.
1 2 Nigel Rawlinson; Derek Alderson (29 September 2010). Surgery: Diagnosis and Management. John Wiley & Sons. p. 219. ISBN 978-1-4443-9122-0.
↑ "Breast ductography". radiopaedia.org. Retrieved 4 November 2014.

Operations/surgeries and other procedures of the breast (ICD-9-CM V3 85, ICD-10-PCS 0H)

Breast surgery	Breast-conserving surgery Lumpectomy Mastectomy Radical mastectomy Mammoplasty Breast implant Breast reduction plasty Mastopexy Breast reconstruction Breast biopsy Fine-needle aspiration Interventions on the Lactiferous ducts Ductal lavage Ductoscopy Microdochectomy Central duct excision

Breast imaging	Mammography Positron emission mammography Tomosynthesis Xeromammography Galactography Breast MRI Breast ultrasound Automated whole-breast ultrasound Scintimammography Tactile imaging

Other	Breast cancer screening Breast self-examination

Medical imaging (ICD-9-CM V3 87–88, ICD-10-PCS B, CPT 70010–79999)

X-ray/
medical radiography/
Industrial radiography

Medical:	Pneumoencephalography Dental radiography Sialography Myelography CXR Bronchography AXR KUB DXA/DXR Upper gastrointestinal series/Small-bowel follow-through/Lower gastrointestinal series Cholangiography/Cholecystography Mammography Pyelogram Cystography Arthrogram Hysterosalpingography Skeletal survey Angiography Angiocardiography Aortography Venography Lymphogram

Industrial:	Radiographic testing

3D / XCT

Medical:	CT pulmonary angiogram Computed tomography of the heart Computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis Virtual colonoscopy CT angiography Computed tomography of the head Quantitative computed tomography Spiral computed tomography High resolution CT Whole body imaging Full-body CT scan X-ray microtomography Electron beam tomography

Industrial:	Industrial computed tomography

Other

Fluoroscopy

MRI

Ultrasound

Radionuclide

2D / scintigraphy

Cholescintigraphy Scintimammography Ventilation/perfusion scan Radionuclide ventriculography Radionuclide angiography Radioisotope renography Sestamibi parathyroid scintigraphy Radioactive iodine uptake test Bone scintigraphy Immunoscintigraphy

full body:	Octreotide scan Gallium 67 scan Indium-111 WBC scan

3D / ECT

SPECT gamma ray: Myocardial perfusion imaging

PET (positron):	Brain PET Cardiac PET PET mammography PET-CT

Optical laser

Thermography

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