Gerard Bucknall
| Gerard Bucknall | |
|---|---|
 Bucknall, pictured here on the left as General Officer Commanding XXX Corps, with Brigadier Harold Pyman, 1944. | |
| Nickname(s) | "Gerry" |
| Born | 14 September 1894 |
| Died | 7 December 1980 (aged 86) |
| Allegiance |
 United Kingdom |
| Service/branch |
 British Army |
| Years of service | 1914–1948 |
| Rank | Lieutenant-General |
| Unit | Middlesex Regiment |
| Commands held |
2nd Battalion, Middlesex Regiment 138th Infantry Brigade 53rd (Welsh) Infantry Division XI Corps I Corps 5th Infantry Division XXX Corps Northern Ireland District |
| Battles/wars |
World War I World War II |
| Awards |
Companion of the Order of the Bath Military Cross |
Lieutenant-General Gerard Corfield Bucknall CB, MC, DL (14 September 1894–7 December 1980) was a senior officer of the British Army who served in World War I and World War II, where he commanded XXX Corps during the Battle of Normandy in mid-1944.[1]
Military career
Educated at West Downs School,[2] Bucknall was commissioned as a second lieutenant into the Middlesex Regiment in 1914.[3] During the Great War he served with his battalion in France and Belgium with some distinction, in particular during the Battle of the Somme in 1916 where he took command of his battalion.
Between the wars he served with the Egyptian Army[3] (Egypt was then de facto part of the British Empire) and attended the Staff College, Camberley. He was commander of the 2nd Battalion, Middlesex Regiment[3] by the outbreak of the Second World War, in September 1939, to be succeeded by Brian Horrocks (who would later take up another of Bucknall's posts), by the time the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) left for France. He then commanded 138th Infantry Brigade, of the 46th Infantry Division, was and later appointed General Officer Commanding 53rd (Welsh) Infantry Division in July 1941 and GOC XI Corps in East Anglia in September 1942[4] before eventually seeing action from April 1943 as Commander of I Corps[5] and then from August 1943 as General Officer Commanding the 5th Infantry Division, in the final stages of the Allied invasion of Sicily. He later led the division during the Allied invasion of Italy and in the early stages of the Italian Campaign.[3]
Bucknall impressed General Bernard L. Montgomery, 21st Army Group commander, and when he was appointed to command Operation Overlord, the Allied invasion of Normandy, he appointed Bucknall to command XXX Corps – Bucknall took command in January 1944.[3] However, the Chief of the Imperial General Staff Alan Brooke believed Bucknall to be unsuitable for command at that level. By August 1944 Bucknall was removed from his command,[3] due to the relatively poor performance of XXX Corps (see Operation Perch), to be replaced by Brian Horrocks. Montgomery conceded that it had been a mistake to appoint him and, in November 1944, Bucknall was given command of Northern Ireland, a post which he held until his retirement.[3]
References
- Biographical Dictionary of British Generals of the Second World War, Nick Smart. ISBN 1-84415-049-6.
- Caen 1944, Ken Ford. ISBN 1-84176-625-9
| Military offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by John T. Crocker |
GOC XI Corps September 1942 – April 1943 |
Succeeded by Gerald Templer |
| Preceded by Sir Frederick E. Morgan |
GOC I Corps April 1943 – August 1943 |
Succeeded by Sir John Crocker |
| Preceded by Horatio Berney-Ficklin |
General Officer Commanding 5th Infantry Division 1943–1944 |
Succeeded by Philip Gregson-Ellis |
| Preceded by Oliver Leese |
GOC XXX Corps January 1944 – July 1944 |
Succeeded by Brian G. Horrocks |
| Preceded by Sir Alan Cunningham |
General Officer Commanding the British Army in Northern Ireland 1944–1948 |
Succeeded by Sir Ouvry Roberts |
| Honorary titles | ||
| Preceded by John T. Crocker |
Lord Lieutenant of Middlesex 1963–1965 |
Office abolished |