Gideon J. Tucker

Gideon John Tucker (February 10, 1826 – July 1899) was an American lawyer, newspaper editor and politician. In 1866, as Surrogate of New York, he wrote in a decision of a will case: "No man's life, liberty or property are safe while the Legislature is in session."^[1][2]

Life

He was born on Laight Street, near Canal Street in Lower Manhattan, New York City, on February 10, 1826, the son of Alderman John C. Tucker, a leader of the Locofocos. In 1844, he became a lawyer's clerk and subsequently wrote for newspapers. In 1847, he was admitted to the bar. On March 15, 1848, he married Clara L. Livingston (b. October 10, 1828). In 1852, he became a tax clerk in the office of the New York State Comptroller at Albany, New York. In 1853, he bought an interest in the Albany Argus from Edwin Croswell, but in 1855 sold his part and founded the New York Daily News, but withdrew from the editorship in September 1857.

He was a delegate to the 1856 Democratic National Convention at Cincinnati, Ohio. In 1857, he was elected a Sachem of the Tammany Society, and later the same year was elected Secretary of State of New York^[3] In 1860, Tucker was nominated as President of the Board of Commissioners of the Croton Aqueduct Department, but the Board of Aldermen rejected the appointment.^[4]

He was Surrogate of New York County from 1863 to 1869. He was a delegate to the 1864 Democratic National Convention. He was a member of the New York State Assembly (New York Co., 14th D.). Here he drafted the first Eight-Hour Work Bill, which was ultimately defeated, but he carried through the law for the prevention of cruelty to animals.

In 1875, he left Tammany Hall, and was among the founders of the opposing Irving Hall faction of the Democratic Party.

In 1878, he ran on the National Greenback and Labor Party ticket for associate judge of the New York Court of Appeals, but was defeated. Afterwards he went to Arizona for his health and edited the Daily Democrat at Prescott, then the capital of the Arizona Territory. He returned in the 1880s to New York. In November 1887, he ran again for Surrogate, this time on the United Labor ticket, but was defeated by Democrat Rastus S. Ransom.

He died in July 1899 at his home at 162 West 84th Street in New York City.

Notes

1. Gideon J. Tucker, Final Accounting in the Estate of A.B., 1 Tucker 248 (N.Y. Surr. 1866).
2. This is a parody on "No man shall be deprived of the free enjoyment of his life, liberty, or property, unless declared to be forfeited by the judgment of his peers, or the law of the land." from the Magna Carta.
3. At the time, he was at age 31 the youngest person to be elected to the office. Lewis Allaire Scott took office in 1784 as Secretary of State of New York at age 25, but was appointed. In 1863, Chauncey M. Depew was elected at age 29.
4. see GIDEON J. TUCKER FOR CROTON AQUEDUCT COMMISSIONER in NYT on January 20, 1860; and THE MAYOR'S NOMINATIONS FOR CROTON AQUEDUCT COMMISSIONER AND HEALTH COMMISSIONER; THE FIRST REJECTED... in NYT on February 3, 1860]

Sources

• Political Graveyard
• The Greenback convention with Short bio of Tucker, in NYT on July 25, 1878
• His nomination by the Greenbacks, in NYT on August 9, 1878
• A LIST OF THE CANDIDATES ON THE VARIOUS TICKETS in NYT on November 7, 1887
• His golden wedding, in NYT on March 16, 1898
• His obit, in NYT on July 26, 1899
• Biographical Sketches of the State Officers and Members of the Legislature in the State of New York in 1859 by Wm. D. Murphy (pages 12ff; C. Van Benthuysen, Albany NY, 1859)