Harnaut

Harnaut
हरनौत
city

Sunset view of city
Harnaut
Coordinates: 25°22′10″N 85°31′55″E / 25.36944°N 85.53194°E / 25.36944; 85.53194Coordinates: 25°22′10″N 85°31′55″E / 25.36944°N 85.53194°E / 25.36944; 85.53194
Country  India
State Bihar
Region Magadha
District Nalanda
Division Patna
Government
 • MLA Harinarayan Singh
 • DM Dr. Thiyagarajan SM, IAS
Area
 • Total 146.95 km2 (56.74 sq mi)
Elevation 49 m (161 ft)
Population (2011 Census)
 • Total 1,76,140 [1][2]
Languages
 • Official Hindi, English
 • Regional Magadhi
Time zone IST (UTC+5:30)
PIN 803110
Telephone code +91-6112
Vehicle registration BR 21
Sex ratio 1.08 (1000/914) ♂/♀
Literacy 78.32%
Coastline 0 kilometres (0 mi)
Nearest city Gaya, Rajgir, Patna
Lok Sabha constituency Nalanda
Website http://nalanda.bih.nic.in/

Harnaut is a city in Nalanda district of Bihar, India, and the entrance city of Nalanda. The Hindu, Buddhist and Jain pilgrim centres of Vaishali, Rajgir, Nalanda, Bodh Gaya, and Pawapuri are all located nearby this city. The incumbent chief minister of Bihar, Nitish Kumar, is from Harnaut.

Geography

Harnaut evening in spring

It is located at at an elevation of 49 m above MSL.[3] Harnaut is one of the most prominent block of Nalanda district. It is the gate city of Nalanda. located 55 km from Patna, the capital of Bihar state, and 23 km from the Ruins of Nalanda. It is situated on bank of River Panchanan. The land of Harnaut is very fertile. Alluvial soil is mostly deposited by several rivers of this area. There are many local rivers such as Dhoba, Panchanan, etc. Holy river Ganges passes nearby at a distance of 10 km.

Climate

Weather in rainy season

Harnaut has a Humid subtropical climate under the Köppen climate classification: (Cwa) with extremely hot summers starts from early March to late June, the monsoon season starts from July to late August and chilly winter nights and foggy or sunny days from November to February. The climate is not much hot in summer. Harnaut summer's highest day temperature is in between 30 °C to 42 °C . Average temperatures of January is 13 °C, February is 19 °C, March is 25 °C, April is 30 °C, May is 32 °C .

Harnaut
Climate chart (explanation)
JFMAMJJASOND
 
 
20
 
 
23
9
 
 
12
 
 
26
12
 
 
11
 
 
33
17
 
 
9.6
 
 
37
22
 
 
37
 
 
38
25
 
 
150
 
 
37
27
 
 
314
 
 
33
26
 
 
273
 
 
33
26
 
 
205
 
 
32
25
 
 
71
 
 
32
22
 
 
7.5
 
 
29
15
 
 
6.7
 
 
25
10
Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
Precipitation totals in mm
Source: worldweather[4] wetterkontor.de[5]

The table below details historical monthly averages for climate variables.

Climate data for Harnaut, Bihar, India
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 26.0
(78.8)		 30.1
(86.2)		 34.4
(93.9)		 38.6
(101.5)		 40.6
(105.1)		 46.6
(115.9)		 38.2
(100.8)		 36.7
(98.1)		 33.5
(92.3)		 30.2
(86.4)		 28.1
(82.6)		 25.5
(77.9)		 46.6
(115.9)
Average high °C (°F) 22
(72)		 26.1
(79)		 32.4
(90.3)		 37.4
(99.3)		 38.4
(101.1)		 36.7
(98.1)		 32.9
(91.2)		 29.5
(85.1)		 28.2
(82.8)		 26.7
(80.1)		 25.9
(78.6)		 23.6
(74.5)		 29.98
(86.01)
Daily mean °C (°F) 15.2
(59.4)		 18.9
(66)		 24.4
(75.9)		 29.8
(85.6)		 31.8
(89.2)		 31.7
(89.1)		 29.5
(85.1)		 29.3
(84.7)		 28.8
(83.8)		 26.7
(80.1)		 21.9
(71.4)		 19.7
(67.5)		 25.3
(77.5)
Average low °C (°F) 9.3
(48.7)		 10.6
(51.1)		 15.4
(59.7)		 21.1
(70)		 22.1
(71.8)		 25.7
(78.3)		 26.1
(79)		 21.1
(70)		 20.3
(68.5)		 18.6
(65.5)		 14.8
(58.6)		 10.1
(50.2)		 17.93
(64.28)
Record low °C (°F) 2.1
(35.8)		 3.4
(38.1)		 8.2
(46.8)		 13.3
(55.9)		 15.7
(60.3)		 18.3
(64.9)		 20.1
(68.2)		 19.5
(67.1)		 17.0
(62.6)		 12.0
(53.6)		 7.7
(45.9)		 2.2
(36)		 2.1
(35.8)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 15.2
(0.598)		 11.1
(0.437)		 11.4
(0.449)		 9
(0.35)		 35.6
(1.402)		 133.5
(5.256)		 302.4
(11.906)		 266.3
(10.484)		 194.7
(7.665)		 24.6
(0.969)		 8.2
(0.323)		 7.4
(0.291)		 1,019.4
(40.13)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 12.2
(0.48)		 14.1
(0.555)		 09.4
(0.37)		 10.8
(0.425)		 38.1
(1.5)		 142.5
(5.61)		 381.0
(15)		 281.6
(11.087)		 229.3
(9.028)		 78.6
(3.094)		 8.7
(0.343)		 7.0
(0.276)		 1,213.3
(47.768)
Average rainy days 1.3 1.2 0.7 1.0 2.7 6.5 14.9 12.8 10.2 3.3 0.6 0.7 55.9
Source: Weatherbase[6]

Overview

The incumbent chief minister of Bihar, Mr. Nitish Kumar, has been elected many times as MLA from Harnaut legislative assembly seat. His native village Kalyan Bigha is 4 km north-west of Haranut. River Muhane passes 1 km west of the city. At present this city does not have municipality, but it is under Sabnahua Panchayat. The people of this city are demanding it to be made into a subdivision.

The population of city is around 176140. It is divided into many parts: Harnaut Beech Bazar, NH 30A , NH 31, Harnaut station-Kalyanbigha Rd and Harnaut-Athmalgola Rd. Administrative offices are in Dakbanglow Road. Dakbanglow Road is linked to High School Harnaut, Middle School Harnaut, many tuition centres, a big playground and guest house. Beech Bazar (Central Market Rd) and Cheran Rd is the commercial area of Harnaut. This city is linked to several small roads like - Sartha Rd, Dehra Rd, Swedah Rd, Dwarka Bigha Rd, Gokulpur Rd etc. A small bus stand and a green grocery is located just beside the NH 31. There is a Carriage Repair Workshop under East Central Railway at NH 30A for POH of 50 Non-AC coaches per month.

Economy

Banks:

Harnaut is a major rural market, catering to the needs of numerous villages which produce all kinds of agrarian and other rural produces like handicrafts, etc.

Agriculture is the main source of income, with rice, wheat, pulses, fruits and vegetables being the main crop. There is also one railway coach factory located in Harnaut. Agriculture is the primary activity although tourism in nearby places like Nalanda, Rajgir and Pawapuri boosts economy of this town. This town supplies agricultural products like cauliflower, potato, mustard seed and other vegetables to neighbouring states. Although the economy is mainly based on agricultural products, garments are also manufactured in household industries. For the help of farmers, there is Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Harnaut which provides help to the people of Nalanda district.

Education

Loyola school

Schools:

Main gate of GMP college

Colleges:

Colleges are under Magadha University, Patna University. Nalanda University has been also re-established in the district.

Culture

Festivals

Chhath Puja
Maa Kaali Navratra Puja
Buildings are decorated with festive lights for Dipawali

Religion

Religion[7]
Religion Percent(%)
Hindu
  
 96.3%
Muslim
  
 1.7%
Christian
  
 1.5%
Other
  
 0.5%

The city's population is predominantly Hindu with minor Muslim and Christian population. Jains, Sikhs and Buddhists are also present because of the most important place for the Buddhism & Jainism near Rajgir, pawapuri. For Islamic religion City Mosque, for Christian Loyola Catholic Church and for Hinduism Ramjanki Temple, Mahaveer Temple and more.

Cuisine of Harnaut

Sweets are present in most restaurants as the popularity has increased. Many commercial stores have been established as solely desserts stores. Balushahi well prepared in Bihar State most delicious sweet specially in Harnaut. Ras malai, Rasgulla, Gulab jamun, and many more.

Panipuri “Bhaiya, thoda spicy kam rakhna”. Bhelpuri A Zesty snack which is a meld of papadis, puffed rice, sev, onions, potatoes, tomatoes, chillies, coriander leaves and chutneys. Kachori with Jalebi, Litti (cuisine) , Samosa, Chaat, Chole bhature delicious street foods of Harnaut.

Kebab, Biryani,Indian Omelette, Chilli Chicken/Prawn/Fish/Mutton/Vegetables/Paneer. Garlic Egg/Chicken/Prawn/Fish/Mutton/Vegetables/Paneer. Manchurian, consisting of chicken or vegetables in a spicy sauce. It is entirely a creation of Chinese restaurants. A little resemblance to traditional Chinese cuisine. Chow mein A popular dish combining noodles, vegetables, scrambled egg, ginger and garlic, soy sauce, green chili sauce, red chili sauce and vinegar.

Paratha, Aloo gobi, Baingan bharta, Naan, Palak paneer, Rajma, these are the special cuisine of city.

See also: Bihari Cuisine

Transport and connectivity

Harnaut is well connected by roads to different cities. NH 30A connects it to Varanasi, Patna via Fatuha to Sheikhpura district, Barbigha, Barh, Deoghar etc. Harnaut thus serves as the gateway of the Nalanda district to central and southern Bihar. Similarly, NH 31 connects it to Ranchi via Hazaribagh, Barhi, Nawada, and to northeastern India from Mokama, Purnia, Kishanganj up to Guwahati.

Harnaut-Patna(55 km)
Harnaut-Gaya(110 km)
Harnaut-Bhagalpur (196.9 km)
Harnaut-Buxar (192.2 km)
Harnaut-Ranchi (277.5 km)
Harnaut-Dhanbad (268.6 km)
Harnaut-Deoghar (195 km)
Harnaut-Howrah (492.8 km)
Harnaut-Varanasi (317.8 km)
Harnaut-New Delhi (1100.8 km)
Harnaut-Allahabad (426.9 km).
Harnaut railway station

Harnaut railway station is the main railway station of the city, under Danapur Division of the East Central Railway zone. Harnaut is connected with the major cities in India like New Delhi, Mughalsarai, Lucknow, Asansol, Howrah by the Howrah-Delhi Main Linewith daily passenger, express and super fast trains services. Harnaut railway station lies on the Bakhtiyarpur-Gaya main line. This is firstly Bakhtiyarpur-Rajgir Line and the line is being further expanded to Natesar to connect with Gaya junction via Tilaiya junction.

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Cities having population 1 lakh and above, Census 2011" (PDF). Government of India. Retrieved 2013-01-23.
  2. ↑ "Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011; Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above" (PDF). Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 26 March 2012.
  3. ↑ http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/34/Harnaut.html Map and weather of Harnaut
  4. ↑ India Meteorological Department 8 May 2015
  5. ↑ wetterkontor.de 8 May 2015
  6. ↑ "Harnaut climate variation 2000-2010". Weatherbase. Retrieved 29 March 2016.
  7. ↑

External links

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