Heinrich Kayser
| Heinrich Kayser | |
|---|---|
 Heinrich Kayser, German physicist and spectroscopist | |
| Born |
Heinrich Gustav Johannes Kayser 16 March 1853 Bingen am Rhein |
| Died |
14 October 1940 (aged 87) Bonn |
| Citizenship | German |
| Fields | Physicist, Spectroscopy |
| Institutions |
Technische Hochschule, Hannover University of Bonn |
| Alma mater |
Sophie Gymnasium (Berlin) University of Strasbourg University of Berlin |
| Doctoral advisor | Wilhelm Roentgen |
| Known for |
Helium in the Earth's atmosphere, spectra, kayser unit |
| Influences |
Hermann von Helmholtz Gustav Kirchhoff Carl Runge |
| Notable awards | ForMemRS[1] |
Heinrich Gustav Johannes Kayser ForMemRS[1] (German: [ˈkaɪzɐ]; 16 March 1853 – 14 October 1940) was a German physicist and spectroscopist.[2]
Biography
Kayser was born at Bingen am Rhein. Kayser's early work was concerned with the characteristics of acoustic waves.[3] He discovered the occurrence of helium in the Earth's atmosphere in 1868 during a solar eclipse when he detected a new spectral line in the solar spectrum. In 1881 Kayser coined the word “adsorption”. Together with Carl Runge, he examined the spectra of chemical elements.[4][5][6] In 1905, he wrote a paper on electron theory.[7]
The kayser unit, associated with wavenumber, of the CGS system was named after him. He died at Bonn in 1940.
Works
- Lehrbuch der Physik für Studierende . Enke, Stuttgart 3rd ed. 1900 Digital edition by the University and State Library Düsseldorf
References
- 1 2 Herzberg, Gerhard (1955). "Heinrich Kayser 1853-1940". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 1: 135–126. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1955.0010.
- ↑ Matthias Dörries and Klaus Hentschel (eds.), Heinrich Kayser, Erinnerungen aus meinem Leben. Institut für Geschichte der Naturwissenschaft, Munich, 1996. ISBN 3-89241-019-4.
- ↑ Mulligan, Joseph F. (January 1992). Doctoral oral examination of Heinrich Kayser, Berlin, 1879. American Journal of Physics. 60(1): 38.
- ↑ Kayser, Heinrich, and C. Runge. (1890). Über die Spectren der Alkalien. Annalen der Physik 277(10): 302-320.
- ↑ Kayser, H., & Runge, C. (1892). Über die Spektra der Elemente. Berliner Akademie, 1892.
- ↑ Kayser, Heinrich, and Carl Runge. (1893). Uber die Spectren der elemente. Verlag der Könogl. Akademie der Wissenschaften.
- ↑ Kayser, Heinrich. (1905). Die elektronentheorie. DC Heath & Company.
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