Henry Beauchamp, 1st Duke of Warwick

Henry de Beauchamp, 14th Earl and 1st Duke of Warwick (21 March 1425 – 11 June 1446) was an English nobleman.

He was the son of Richard Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick, and Isabel le Despenser. In 1434, Henry married Cecily Neville, the eldest daughter of Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury, and Alice Montagu, Countess of Salisbury.

He became 14th Earl of Warwick on his father's death in 1439. His boyhood friendship with King Henry VI and his father's military services placed him high in the King's favour, and he was loaded with titles. In 1444, he was made premier Earl of the realm, and on 14 April 1445, was created Duke of Warwick, and around the same time, granted the Forest of Feckenham.^[1]

As Duke of Warwick, he was preceded only by the Duke of Norfolk. This precedence was disputed by the Duke of Buckingham, whom it displaced. However, the issue was rendered moot by his death in June, at which time the dukedom expired for lack of heirs-male. He is said to have been crowned King of the Isle of Wight in 1444^[2] by Henry VI, to place his playmate on a more equal standing with him, but this story is considered unhistorical.^[3][4]

On his death, the earldom was inherited by his two-year-old daughter, Anne (4 February 1443/4 – 3 January 1448/9), suo jure Countess of Warwick. She, however, died three years later, and there was some question regarding who, if any, of her father's sisters (or their heirs) should succeed.^[5] In the end, his full sister Anne (who was married to Richard Neville, eldest son of Richard Neville, Earl of Salisbury, and brother to Beauchamp's widow) was declared the heir, due to the English common law principle that "possession by the brother makes the sister the heir", which denies relatives of the half-blood from inheriting when full-blood relatives are available to inherit. The three half-sisters from their father's first marriage contested this decision, but to no avail.

Ancestry

Ancestors of Henry Beauchamp, 1st Duke of Warwick

16. Guy de Beauchamp, 10th Earl of Warwick               8. Thomas de Beauchamp, 11th Earl of Warwick                       17. Alice de Toeni               4. Thomas de Beauchamp, 12th Earl of Warwick                             18. Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March               9. Katherine Mortimer                       19. Joan de Geneville, Baroness Geneville               2. Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick                                   20. Henry Ferrers, 2nd Baron Ferrers of Groby               10. William Ferrers, 3rd Baron Ferrers of Groby                       21. Isabel de Verdon               5. Margaret Ferrers                             22. Robert Ufford, 1st Earl of Suffolk               11. Margaret Ufford                       23. Margaret de Norwich               1. Henry de Beauchamp, 1st Duke of Warwick                                         24. Edward le Despencer               12. Edward le Despencer, 1st Baron le Despencer                       25. Anne Ferrers               6. Thomas le Despenser, 1st Earl of Gloucester                             26. Bartholomew de Burghersh, 2nd Baron Burghersh               13. Elizabeth de Burghersh                       27. Cicely Weyland               3. Isabel le Despenser                                   28. Edward III of England               14. Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York                       29. Philippa of Hainault               7. Constance of York                             30. Peter of Castile               15. Isabella of Castile                       31. María de Padilla

References

1. Raymond Grant (1991). The royal forests of England. Wolfeboro Falls, NH: Alan Sutton. ISBN 0-86299-781-X. 086299781X. See p169
2. William Camden, Britain, or, a Chorographicall Description of the most flourishing Kingdomes, England, Scotland, and Ireland (London, 1610)
3. "Earls of Warwick". Encyclopedia Britannica 1911. 2011. Retrieved 15 November 2015.
4. of National Biography (New York: Macmillan, 1985) vol. 4, p. 28
5. 'Parishes: Flamstead', A History of the County of Hertford: volume 2 (1908), pp. 193-201. URL: http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=43269. Date accessed: 11 January 2008.