Hermiston, Oregon

For other uses, see Hermiston (disambiguation).
Hermiston, Oregon
City

Historic business district of Hermiston
Motto: "The Future of Eastern Oregon"

Location in Oregon
Coordinates: 45°50′28″N 119°17′30″W / 45.84111°N 119.29167°W / 45.84111; -119.29167Coordinates: 45°50′28″N 119°17′30″W / 45.84111°N 119.29167°W / 45.84111; -119.29167
Country United States
State Oregon
County Umatilla
Incorporated 1907
Government
 • Mayor Dr. David A. Drotzmann
Area[1]
 • Total 7.81 sq mi (20.23 km2)
 • Land 7.81 sq mi (20.23 km2)
 • Water 0 sq mi (0 km2)
Elevation 643 ft (196 m)
Population (2010)[2]
 • Total 16,745
 • Estimate (2012[3]) 17,111
 • Density 2,144.0/sq mi (827.8/km2)
Time zone Pacific (UTC-8)
 • Summer (DST) Pacific (UTC-7)
ZIP code 97838
Area code(s) 541
FIPS code 41-33700[2]
GNIS feature ID 1167708[4]
Website hermiston.or.us

Hermiston is a city in Umatilla County, Oregon, United States. The population was 16,745 at the 2010 census, which made it the largest city in Eastern Oregon. Hermiston is one of the two principal cities of the Hermiston-Pendleton Micropolitan Statistical Area, a micropolitan area that covers Morrow and Umatilla counties[5] and had a combined population of 87,062 at the 2010 census.[2] Hermiston sits near the junction of I-82 and I-84. U.S. Route 395 also goes through the center of the city. Hermiston is 7 miles (11 km) south of the Columbia River, Lake Wallula, and the McNary Dam. The Hermiston area has become a transportation and logistics hub due to the proximity of the I-82 and I-84 interchange, and central location between the major Pacific Northwest metropolitan areas. The city is also known for its watermelons, which are part of its branding.[6]

History

The historic inhabitants of the area were the indigenous Umatilla, Cayuse, Walla Walla, and Columbia Indians, descendants of peoples who lived in this area for thousands of years. The earliest European settlers were Catholic missionaries who established a mission near Pendleton in 1847. The territorial government organized Umatilla County in 1862 from the larger Wasco County.

Economy

Retail

Hermiston serves as the retail and services center for much of western Umatilla County,[7] as well as Morrow County and parts of Gilliam county. Hermiston's Local Trade Area, which describes the area where people will travel to purchase items on a weekly basis, stretches from Pendleton on the East, the Columbia River to the North, Heppner to the South, and Gilliam County to the West. There were 46,000 people living within Hermiston's Local Trade Area based on 2010 U.S. Census data.[8] Major national chain retailers in Hermiston include Wal-Mart, Home Depot, Big Lots, Sears, AutoZone, Big 5 Sporting Goods, and Office Max, among many others. The community also has Ford, Chevy, Dodge, Toyota, and Subaru dealerships. Despite a relatively robust local retail & services market, Hermiston experiences significant retail sales leakage to the Tri-Cities for items purchased on less than a weekly basis. The Tri-Cities, located approximately 30 minutes north of Hermiston in Washington, had a metro-area population of 275,740 as of April 1, 2014, making it the fourth largest metropolitan area in Washington.[9]

Workforce

Hermiston has the largest 30-mile-radius workforce in Eastern Oregon. According to 2014 U.S. Census estimates, there were 119,632 people actively employed within a 30-mile radius of Hermiston.[10] That's compared to 75,075 in the next-largest regional Labor Shed in Bend.[10] Hermiston-area employers benefit greatly from the proximity of the Tri-Cities in Washington which, based on light traffic, and easy freeway access, is approximately 30–35 minutes to the north of Hermiston.

Top employers

According to Hermiston's 2014 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,[11] the top employers in the city are:

# Employer # of Employees
1 ConAgra Foods 1,320
2 Wal-Mart Distribution Center 859
3 River Point Farms 650
4 Good Shepherd Health Care System 572
5 Hermiston School District 519
6 Walmart Supercenter 400
7 Hermiston Foods 325
8 Union Pacific Railroad 300
9 Medelez Trucking 200
9 Shearer's Foods 200

Geography

Hat Rock, located on the Columbia River near Hermiston, was one of the first landmarks of the area noted by Lewis and Clark in their journals.[12]
Butte Park

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 7.81 square miles (20.23 km2), all land.[1]

Distance to major cities:

Hermiston's recent population growth is due to its proximity to large cities in the Pacific Northwest and its location along two major freeways.[13][14]

Climate

According to the Köppen climate classification system, Hermiston has a steppe climate (Köppen BSk).

Climate data for Hermiston
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 77
(25)		 75
(24)		 84
(29)		 96
(36)		 102
(39)		 108
(42)		 112
(44)		 113
(45)		 102
(39)		 92
(33)		 79
(26)		 83
(28)		 113
(45)
Average high °F (°C) 39.9
(4.4)		 47.6
(8.7)		 58.3
(14.6)		 66.9
(19.4)		 75.2
(24)		 82.5
(28.1)		 90.4
(32.4)		 88.7
(31.5)		 79.7
(26.5)		 66.8
(19.3)		 50.8
(10.4)		 41.8
(5.4)		 65.7
(18.7)
Average low °F (°C) 23.6
(−4.7)		 27.8
(−2.3)		 32.9
(0.5)		 38.8
(3.8)		 45.6
(7.6)		 52.4
(11.3)		 57.1
(13.9)		 55.2
(12.9)		 47
(8)		 37.9
(3.3)		 31.1
(−0.5)		 26.5
(−3.1)		 39.7
(4.3)
Record low °F (°C) −35
(−37)		 −29
(−34)		 6
(−14)		 14
(−10)		 22
(−6)		 32
(0)		 38
(3)		 35
(2)		 21
(−6)		 6
(−14)		 −12
(−24)		 −37
(−38)		 −37
(−38)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 1.22
(31)		 0.9
(23)		 0.76
(19.3)		 0.67
(17)		 0.65
(16.5)		 0.59
(15)		 0.19
(4.8)		 0.28
(7.1)		 0.44
(11.2)		 0.72
(18.3)		 1.2
(30)		 1.22
(31)		 8.85
(224.8)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 5
(13)		 2.4
(6.1)		 0.2
(0.5)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 1.2
(3)		 2.4
(6.1)		 11.2
(28.4)
Average precipitation days 10 9 7 6 5 5 2 2 4 6 10 11 77
Source: [15]

Demographics

Historical population
Census Pop. %±
1910647—
19206470.0%
1930608−6.0%
194080332.1%
19503,804373.7%
19604,40215.7%
19704,89311.2%
19809,40892.3%
199010,0406.7%
200013,15431.0%
201016,74527.3%
Est. 201417,137[16]2.3%
Sources:[2][17][18][19][20][21]

2015 Portland State University Population Estimates

The Population Research Center at Portland State University provides annual official population estimates to the State of Oregon. Hermiston's certified population estimate as of July 1, 2015 was 17,520,[22] which is an increase of nearly 800 residents since the 2010 Census.

2010 census

As of the census of 2010, there were 16,745 people, 6,050 households, and 4,184 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,144.0 inhabitants per square mile (827.8/km2). There were 6,373 housing units at an average density of 816.0 per square mile (315.1/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 74.2% White, 0.8% African American, 1.3% Native American, 1.5% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 19.0% from other races, and 3.0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 34.9% of the population.[2]

There were 6,050 households of which 42.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.9% were married couples living together, 14.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 30.8% were non-families. 25.8% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.74 and the average family size was 3.28.[2]

The median age in the city was 30.9 years. 31.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.2% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 27.3% were from 25 to 44; 20.8% were from 45 to 64; and 11% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.4% male and 50.6% female.[2]

Education

K-12

Hermiston School District is the largest district in Eastern Oregon, with 5,297 students in the 2014-15 school year.[23] The district has one high school, Hermiston High School, which hosts 1,500 students.[23] Due to the school's size, it is able to offer comprehensive programming and courses for all students. The district also is composed of two middle schools, five elementary schools, and 1 alternative school. There are also two private schools in Hermiston.

Higher Education

Blue Mountain Community College has a branch in Hermiston. Eastern Oregon University also hosts undergraduate and graduate-level courses at the Eastern Oregon Higher Education Center in Hermiston.

Transportation

Railway that goes through downtown Hermiston

Interstate & Highway

Hermiston benefits from being near the exact center of the Pacific Northwest, and at the crossroads of several major interstate highways. Drivers can easily access all four major Northwest metropolitan areas in just a half-day's drive. Portland is less than 3 hours to the West, and drivers can also reach Spokane in less than 3 hours to the east, while Seattle and Boise are both approximately 4 hours away to the northwest and southeast, respectively. Highways serving Hermiston include Interstate 84 and U.S. Route 30, both of which run east–west, U.S. Route 395, which runs north-south, and Interstate 82, which has its southern terminus near Hermiston and continues north to Ellensburg, Washington.

Major transportation-related businesses in Hermiston include Wal-Mart's Northwest Distribution Center, and both FedEx and United Parcel Service (UPS) have freight distribution facilities in Hermiston.

Rail

Hermiston is on the La Grande Subdivision of the Union Pacific Railroad, constructed originally through the area in the 1870s as the Oregon Railroad and Navigation Company. Railroad facilities include the Hinkle Locomotive Service and Repair Facility and "hump yard" located just outside the city.

Airports

Hermiston Municipal Airport is a city-owned airport serving General Aviation pilots, corporate jet traffic, agricultural operations, and cargo operations. There are currently no commercial flights out of Hermiston.

Tri-Cities Airport is located approximately 40 minutes north of Hermiston, and offers commercial flights to Seattle, Salt Lake City, Denver, Minneapolis, Las Vegas, Portland, San Francisco, and Phoenix. In 2014, due to strong growth in demand, the Port of Pasco approved a $42 million renovation and expansion, that will double the size of the current terminal.

Media

Radio

Newspapers

Notable people

Annual events

Hermiston Education Foundation Beach & Beef Dinner Auction 1st Saturday in February.

See also

References

  1. 1 2 "US Gazetteer files 2010". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2012-12-21.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2012-12-21.
  3. ↑ "Population Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2013-06-02.
  4. ↑ "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. 2007-10-25. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  5. ↑ "Micropolitan Statistical Areas and Components". Office of Management and Budget. 2007-05-11. Archived from the original on 2008-03-23. Retrieved 2008-07-27.
  6. ↑ Carlton, Jim (February 7, 2015). "A Town Known for Watermelons Is Suddenly Ripe for Change". The Wall Street Journal. pp. A1, A8.
  7. ↑ "Hermiston Retail Market Analysis 2011" (PDF).
  8. ↑ "Hermiston Retail Market Analysis 2011" (PDF).
  9. ↑ "April 1, 2015 Population of Cities Towns and Counties Used for Allocation of Selected State Revenues State of Washington" (PDF).
  10. 1 2 "Access Labor | City of Hermiston". www.hermiston.or.us. Retrieved 2016-03-08.
  11. ↑ "City of Hermiston, Oregon, Comprehensive Financial Report for the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2015" (PDF). City of Hermiston. Retrieved June 3, 2015.
  12. ↑ Lewis, Meriweather & William Clark. "October 19, 1805". The Journals of the Lewis and Clark Expedition Online. University of Nebraska Lincoln. Retrieved 2006-12-10.
  13. ↑ Hutchinson-Talaski, Karen (2006-11-24). "Hermiston growth leads the way". The Hermiston Herald (Western Communications). Retrieved 2006-12-10.
  14. ↑ "Population Trends". City of Hermiston. 2006. Archived from the original on 2006-09-25. Retrieved 2006-12-10.
  15. ↑ "HERMISTON 1 SE, OR (353847)". Western Regional Climate Center. Retrieved November 23, 2015.
  16. ↑ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2014". Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  17. ↑ "Population-Oregon" (PDF). U.S. Census 1910. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 22 November 2013.
  18. ↑ "Population-Oregon" (PDF). 15th Census of the United States. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 27 November 2013.
  19. ↑ "Number of Inhabitants: Oregon" (PDF). 18th Census of the United States. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 22 November 2013.
  20. ↑ "Oregon: Population and Housing Unit Counts" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 22 November 2013.
  21. ↑ "Incorporated Places and Minor Civil Divisions Datasets: Subcounty Population Estimates: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2012". U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 25 November 2013.
  22. ↑ "Portland State College of Urban & Public Affairs: Population Research Center | Population Estimates and Reports". www.pdx.edu. Retrieved 2016-01-04.
  23. 1 2 "DBI Reports". www.ode.state.or.us. Retrieved 2015-12-04.
  24. ↑ "Columbia Motor Speedway Park homepage". Retrieved 2012-09-13.
  25. ↑ FarmCityEntry

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