Hokkaido at-large district

The Hokkaido at-large district is a constituency of the House of Councillors in the Diet of Japan (national legislature). It consists of Hokkaido and is represented by four Councillors electing two at a time every three years by single non-transferable vote for six-year terms. In the election period from 2013 to 2016, Hokkaido's Councillors are:

Katsuya Ogawa (DPJ, Hatoyama group; term ends in 2019),
Chūichi Date (LDP, Machimura faction; term ends in 2019),
Gaku Hasegawa (LDP, Machimura faction; term ends in 2016) and
Eri Tokunaga (DPJ; term ends in 2016).

After the House of Councillors had replaced the House of Peers according to the constitution of 1947, Hokkaido was represented by eight Councillors. In the early years of the 1955 System, all four seats went to the two major postwar parties, the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) and the Japan Socialist Party (JSP). But smaller parties such as the Japanese Communist Party (JCP) had a chance to pick up seats in Hokkaido as the vote share sufficient to gain a seat was often significantly below 20 percent. The high number of candidates increased the risk of vote splitting for the major parties: In 1974, two incumbent LDP candidates and conservative independent Tatsuo Takahashi ranked 5th, 6th and 7th leaving all four seats to the center-left to left opposition parties Kōmeitō, JSP and JCP.

In a major reapportionment in 1994 the number of Councillors from Hokkaido was halved to four. It became effective in the 1995 and 1998 elections. Like most two-member districts Hokkaidō usually splits seats evenly between Democrats and Liberal Democrats.

Elected Councillors

class of 1947				election year	class of 1950
#1 (1947: #1, 6-year term) (1950: #5, 3-year term)	#2 (1947: #2, 6-year term)	#3 (1947: #3, 6-year term)	#4 (1947: #4, 6-year term)	election year	#1 (1947: #5, 3-year term)	#2 (1947: #6, 3-year term)	#3 (1947: #7, 3-year term)	#4 (1947: #8, 3-year term)
Junsuke Itaya † (JLP)	Sueji Hori (Indep.)	Makoto Chiba (JSP)	Misao Kaga (Indep.)^{[party 1]}	1947^[1]	Katsuzō Wakaki (Indep.)^{[party 2]}	Gengo Kinoshita (JSP)	Keiki Machimura (Indep.)^{[party 3]}	Yonesaburō Kobayashi (Indep.) ^{[party 4]}
Eiji Arima (DP)	Sueji Hori (Indep.)	Makoto Chiba (JSP)	Misao Kaga (Indep.)^{[party 1]}	1950 incl. by-election^[2]	Gengo Kinoshita (JSP)	Takashi Azuma (Farmers Cooperative Party)	Katsuzō Wakaki (JSP)	Sadayoshi Matsuura (Farmers Cooperative Party)
Makoto Chiba (JSP, left)	Katsutarō Kita (Indep.)^{[party 5]}	Sueji Hori (Yoshida LP)	Eiji Arima (Progressive)	1953^[3]	Gengo Kinoshita (JSP)	Takashi Azuma (Farmers Cooperative Party)	Katsuzō Wakaki (JSP)	Sadayoshi Matsuura (Farmers Cooperative Party)
Makoto Chiba (JSP, left)	Katsutarō Kita (Indep.)^{[party 5]}	Sueji Hori (Yoshida LP)	Eiji Arima (Progressive)	1956^[4]	Hidetoshi Tomabechi (LDP)	Tadashi Ōya (JSP)	Takashi Azuma (JSP)	Shinichi Nishida (LDP)
Isao Yoneta (JSP)	Sueji Hori (LDP)	Ihei Ikawa (LDP)	Makoto Chiba (JSP)	1959^[5]	Hidetoshi Tomabechi (LDP)	Tadashi Ōya (JSP)	Takashi Azuma (JSP)
Isao Yoneta (JSP)	Sueji Hori (LDP)	Ihei Ikawa (LDP)	Makoto Chiba (JSP)	1962^[6]	Tadashi Ōya (JSP)	Tokuichi Kobayashi (Indep.)^{[party 6]}	Chūzaburō Yoshida (JSP)
Seiichi Kawamura (JSP)	Ihei Ikawa (LDP)	Yūnosuke Takahashi (LDP)	Genshō Takeda (JSP)	1965^[7]		Tokuichi Kobayashi (Indep.)^{[party 6]}	Chūzaburō Yoshida (JSP)
Seiichi Kawamura (JSP)	Ihei Ikawa (LDP)	Yūnosuke Takahashi (LDP)	Genshō Takeda (JSP)	1968^[8]		Yōichi Kawaguchi (LDP)	Shinichi Nishida (LDP)	Chūzaburō Yoshida (JSP)
Yūnosuke Takahashi (LDP)	Seiichi Kawamura (JSP)	Genshō Takeda (JSP)	Masaichi Iwamoto (LDP)	1971^[9]		Yōichi Kawaguchi (LDP)	Shinichi Nishida (LDP)	Chūzaburō Yoshida (JSP)
Yūnosuke Takahashi (LDP)	Seiichi Kawamura (JSP)	Genshō Takeda (JSP)	Masaichi Iwamoto (LDP)	1974^[10]	Sadako Ogasawara (JCP)	Chūzaburō Yoshida (JSP)	Takakatsu Tsushima (JSP)	Takehiko Aizawa (Kōmeitō)
Shūji Kita (LDP)	Keiichi Nakamura (LDP)	Kaneyasu Marutani (JSP)	Seiichi Kawamura (JSP)	1977^[11]	Sadako Ogasawara (JCP)	Chūzaburō Yoshida (JSP)		Takehiko Aizawa (Kōmeitō)
	Keiichi Nakamura (LDP)		Seiichi Kawamura (JSP)	1980^[12]	Masaaki Takagi (LDP)	Masamitsu Iwamoto (LDP)		Sadako Ogasawara (JCP)
	Hisamitsu Sugano (JSP)		Masami Kudō (LDP)	1983^[13]	Masaaki Takagi (LDP)
			Masami Kudō (LDP)	1986^[14]	Takakatsu Tsushima (JSP)		Masaaki Takagi (LDP)
Yasuko Takemura (Indep.)^{[party 7]}		Shūji Kita (LDP)	Yūko Takasaki (JCP)	1989^[15]	Takakatsu Tsushima (JSP)		Masaaki Takagi (LDP)
Yasuko Takemura (Indep.)^{[party 7]}		Shūji Kita (LDP)	Yūko Takasaki (JCP)	1992^[16]	Hisashi Kazama (Kōmeitō)	Noriyuki Nakao (Indep.)^{[party 8]}	Naoki Minezaki (JSP)	Masaaki Takagi (LDP)
Hisamitsu Sugano (JSP)	Katsuya Ogawa (NFP)	–		1995^[17]	Hisashi Kazama (Kōmeitō)	Noriyuki Nakao (Indep.)^{[party 8]}	Naoki Minezaki (JSP)	Masaaki Takagi (LDP)
Hisamitsu Sugano (JSP)	Katsuya Ogawa (NFP)			1998^[18]	Naoki Minezaki (DPJ)	Yoshio Nakagawa (LDP)	–
Chūichi Date (LDP)	Katsuya Ogawa (DPJ)			2001^[19]	Naoki Minezaki (DPJ)	Yoshio Nakagawa (LDP)
Chūichi Date (LDP)	Katsuya Ogawa (DPJ)			2004^[20]	Yoshio Nakagawa (LDP)	Naoki Minezaki (DPJ)
Katsuya Ogawa (DPJ)	Chūichi Date (LDP)			2007^[21]	Yoshio Nakagawa (LDP)	Naoki Minezaki (DPJ)
Katsuya Ogawa (DPJ)	Chūichi Date (LDP)			2010^[22]	Gaku Hasegawa (LDP)	Eri Tokunaga (DPJ)
Chūichi Date (LDP)	Katsuya Ogawa (DPJ)			2013^[23]	Gaku Hasegawa (LDP)	Eri Tokunaga (DPJ)

↑ joined Ryokufūkai
↑ joined JSP
↑ joined Ryokufūkai
↑ joined JLP
↑ joined Ryokufūkai
↑ joined LDP
↑ JSP support
↑ JSP support

Recent election results

2013^[23]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	LDP (NK)	Chūichi Date	903,693	37.7
	DPJ	Katsuya Ogawa	583,995	24.4
	NPD	Takahiro Asano	352,434	14.7
	JCP	Tsuneto Mori	272,102	11.4
	YP	Takanobu Azumi	261,802	10.9
	HRP	Yoshinori Moriyama	23,194	1.0

2010^[22]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	LDP	Gaku Hasegawa	948,267	34.3
	DPJ	Eri Tokunaga	708,523	25.6
	DPJ	Masashi Fujikawa	567,167	20.5
	YP	Ken'ichi Nakagawa	320,992	11.6
	JCP	Kazuya Hatayama	200,231	7.2
	HRP	Makoto Ōbayashi	22,166	0.8

2007^[21]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	DPJ	Katsuya Ogawa	1,018,597	36.0
	LDP (NK)	Chūichi Date	757,463	26.8
	Independent (NPD, DPJ, PNP)	Kaori Sahara	621,497	22.0
	JCP	Kazuya Hatayama	206,463	7.3
	Independent	Hideyoshi Hashiba	103,282	3.7
	SDP	Takao Asano	79,474	2.8
	Independent	Masayuki Arakawa	22,154	0.8
	Ishin	Nobuhito Sendai	18,234	0.6

2004^[20]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	LDP	Yoshio Nakagawa	741,831	26.7
	DPJ	Naoki Minezaki	618,277	22.3
	DPJ	Masahito Nishikawa	552,993	19.9
	Independent	Muneo Suzuki	485,382	17.5
	JCP	Chiharu Oka	254,338	9.2
	SDP	Keiko Yamauchi	106,631	3.8
	Ishin	Nobuhito Sendai	19,020	0.7

2001^[19]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	LDP	Chūichi Date	985,274	39.3
	DPJ	Katsuya Ogawa	683,704	27.2
	JCP	Satoshi Miyauchi	284,575	11.3
	LP	Masahito Nishikawa	196,348	7.8
	SDP	Yoshiko Sugiyama	165,670	6.6
	WP	Tamiko Matsumura	87,597	3.5
	Independent	Mitsuhiro Yokoyama	36,119	1.4
	LL	Akifumi Kumagai	33,500	1.3
	NSP	Nobuyuki Saitō	25,261	1.0
	Ishin	Nobuhito Sendai	11,469	0.5

1998^[18]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	DPJ	Naoki Minezaki	804,611	31.2
	LDP	Yoshio Nakagawa	723,786	28.1
	JCP	Tomoko Uchiyama	605,119	23.5
	LP	Kentarō Ono	161,505	6.3
	SDP	Shirō Kayano	146,159	5.7
	NSP	Masami Mizuyoshi	34,374	1.3
	YLP	Ken'ichi Sawada	33,390	1.3
	LL	Ryōko Matsukawa	32,557	1.3
	Independent	Hideo Murata	28,480	1.1
	Ishin	Nobuhito Sendai	7,249	0.3

1995^[17]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	JSP	Hisamitsu Sugano	563,029	27.5
	NFP	Katsuya Ogawa	511,139	25.3
	LDP	Yoshitaka Kimoto	488,807	24.2
	JCP	Yūko Takasaki	392,714	19.5
	New Era	Etsuko Yoshino	40,106	2.0
	Independent	Hiroshi Maeya	21,716	1.1

References

House of Councillors: Alphabetical list of former Councillors

↑ 参議院>第1回参議院議員選挙>北海道選挙区. ザ･選挙 (in Japanese). Heartbeats. Retrieved 2013-04-03. External link in |work= (help)
↑ 参議院>第2回参議院議員選挙>北海道選挙区. ザ･選挙 (in Japanese). Heartbeats. Retrieved 2013-04-03. External link in |work= (help)
↑ 参議院>第3回参議院議員選挙>北海道選挙区. ザ･選挙 (in Japanese). Heartbeats. Retrieved 2013-04-03. External link in |work= (help)
↑ 参議院>第4回参議院議員選挙>北海道選挙区. ザ･選挙 (in Japanese). Heartbeats. Retrieved 2013-04-03. External link in |work= (help)
↑ 参議院>第5回参議院議員選挙>北海道選挙区. ザ･選挙 (in Japanese). Heartbeats. Retrieved 2013-04-03. External link in |work= (help)
↑ 参議院>第6回参議院議員選挙>北海道選挙区. ザ･選挙 (in Japanese). Heartbeats. Retrieved 2013-04-03. External link in |work= (help)
↑ 参議院>第7回参議院議員選挙>北海道選挙区. ザ･選挙 (in Japanese). Heartbeats. Retrieved 2013-04-03. External link in |work= (help)
↑ 参議院>第8回参議院議員選挙>北海道選挙区. ザ･選挙 (in Japanese). Heartbeats. Retrieved 2013-04-03. External link in |work= (help)
↑ 参議院>第9回参議院議員選挙>北海道選挙区. ザ･選挙 (in Japanese). Heartbeats. Retrieved 2013-04-03. External link in |work= (help)
↑ 参議院>第10回参議院議員選挙>北海道選挙区. ザ･選挙 (in Japanese). JANJAN. Retrieved 2010-05-09. External link in |work= (help)
↑ 参議院>第11回参議院議員選挙>北海道選挙区. ザ･選挙 (in Japanese). Heartbeats. Retrieved 2013-04-03. External link in |work= (help)
↑ 参議院>第12回参議院議員選挙>北海道選挙区. ザ･選挙 (in Japanese). Heartbeats. Retrieved 2013-04-03. External link in |work= (help)
↑ 参議院>第13回参議院議員選挙>北海道選挙区. ザ･選挙 (in Japanese). Heartbeats. Retrieved 2013-04-03. External link in |work= (help)
↑ 参議院>第14回参議院議員選挙>北海道選挙区. ザ･選挙 (in Japanese). Heartbeats. Retrieved 2013-04-03. External link in |work= (help)
↑ 参議院>第15回参議院議員選挙>北海道選挙区. ザ･選挙 (in Japanese). Heartbeats. Retrieved 2013-04-03. External link in |work= (help)
↑ 参議院>第16回参議院議員選挙>北海道選挙区. ザ･選挙 (in Japanese). Heartbeats. Retrieved 2013-04-03. External link in |work= (help)
1 2 参議院>第17回参議院議員選挙>北海道選挙区. ザ･選挙 (in Japanese). Heartbeats. Retrieved 2013-04-03. External link in |work= (help)
1 2 参議院>第18回参議院議員選挙>北海道選挙区. ザ･選挙 (in Japanese). Heartbeats. Retrieved 2013-04-03. External link in |work= (help)
1 2 参議院>第19回参議院議員選挙>北海道選挙区. ザ･選挙 (in Japanese). Heartbeats. Retrieved 2013-04-03. External link in |work= (help)
1 2 参議院>第20回参議院議員選挙>北海道選挙区. ザ･選挙 (in Japanese). Heartbeats. Retrieved 2013-04-03. External link in |work= (help)
1 2 参議院>第21回参議院議員選挙>北海道選挙区. ザ･選挙 (in Japanese). Heartbeats. Retrieved 2013-04-03. External link in |work= (help)
1 2 参議院>第22回参議院議員選挙>北海道選挙区. ザ･選挙 (in Japanese). Heartbeats. Retrieved 2013-04-03. External link in |work= (help)
1 2 参院選2013>選挙結果>選挙区>北海道. Yomiuri Shimbun (in Japanese). Retrieved 2013-07-22.

Hokkaidō's electoral districts for the Diet of Japan

FPTP "small" districts (1996–present) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 (13) PR Hokkaidō PR block House of Councillors At-large (13→12 Representatives (PR block: 9→8), 4 Councillors)

SNTV "medium-sized" districts (1947–1993) 1 2 3 4 5 (22→23 Representatives, 8→4 Councillors)

Limited voting "large" districts (1946) 1 2 (23 Representatives)

SNTV "medium-sized" districts (1928–1942) 1 2 3 4 5 (20 Representatives)

FPTP/SNTV "small" districts (1920–1924) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 (16 Representatives)

SNTV "large" districts era (1902–1917), in Hokkaidō FPTP single-member districts Sapporo city (ku) Hakodate city (ku) Otaru city (ku) subprefectures 1 subprefectures 2 subprefectures 3 (3→6 Representatives)

Japanese House of Councillors Districts

President of the House of Councillors: Masaaki Yamazaki Vice President of the House of Councillors: Azuma Koshiishi

Hokkaido - Tohoku	Hokkaido (4) Aomori (2) Akita (2) Iwate (2) Yamagata (2) Miyagi (4) Fukushima (3)

Kanto	Gunma (2) Tochigi (2) Ibaraki (4) Saitama (6) Tokyo (10) Kanagawa (7) Chiba (6)

Chūbu	Niigata (4) Ishikawa (2) Toyama (2) Nagano (4) Yamanashi (2) Fukui (2) Gifu (3) Aichi (6) Shizuoka (4)

Kinki	Hyogo (4) Kyoto (4) Shiga (2) Osaka (7) Nara (2) Mie (2) Wakayama (2)

Chugoku	Tottori (2) Shimane (2) Hiroshima (4) Okayama (2) Yamaguchi (2) Tottori-Shimane (from 2016)

Shikoku	Kagawa (2) Tokushima (2) Ehime (2) Kochi (2) Tokushima-Kochi (from 2016)

Kyushu - Okinawa	Fukuoka (4) Saga (2) Oita (2) Nagasaki (2) Kumamoto (2) Miyazaki (2) Kagoshima (2) Okinawa (2)

National PR Block	National PR Block (96)

(in parentheses): Number of representatives per district

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