Shaved ice
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Snow cone with cherry syrup | |
| Type | Frozen dessert |
|---|---|
| Course | dessert, snack |
| Main ingredients | Ice, syrup |
 Cookbook: Shaved ice  Media: Shaved ice | |
Shaved ice is a large family of ice-based dessert made of fine shavings of ice or finely crushed ice and sweet condiments or syrups. Usually, the syrup is added after the ice has been frozen and shaved—typically at the point of sale. However, flavoring can also be added before freezing. The dessert is consumed worldwide in various forms and manners. Shaved ice can also mixed with large quantities of liquid to produce shaved ice drinks.
Many shaved ices are confused with "Italian ice". Italian ice, also known as "water ice", has the flavoring incorporated into the ice before it is frozen (although some commercial brands are flavored after production). Shaved ice—especially highly commercial shaved ice (such as that found in food chains or from street vendors)—is often flavored after the ice has been frozen and shaved. Snow cones are an example of shaved ice that is flavored after production.
History
The first documented "shaved ice" dessert was made in 27 B.C.E. The Roman Emperor Nero sent slaves to collect snow from nearby mountains that he then flavored with a fruit and honey mixture.[1]
In imperial Japan, the dessert was also a treat reserved for royalty, as it was made of natural ice formed during the coldest period of winter, which was stored in icehouses. This made it very rare, and a supreme luxury available only to the Heian nobles; ordinary people could not afford it.[2] As Japanese immigrated to Hawaii, they brought this tradition with them. Like Rome and Japan, in Hawaii warm areas are close enough to snow-capped mountains that snow can be brought into the warm areas without melting.
Regions
Americas
North America and the Caribbeans
- In Canada and the United States, they are commonly known as "Snow cones" or "Snowballs", which consists of crushed or shaved ice topped with sweet fruit flavored syrup. Within the United States, several regional variations are prominent: New Orleans snowballs include a topping of fruit flavored syrup or a fruit-cream syrup mixture, and Baltimore snowballs frequently include a fruit flavored syrup and are then topped additionally with marshmallow cream.
- In Cuba, as well as in many Cuban neighborhoods in the United States, they are known as "granizados," after the Spanish word granizo for hailstones. In Miami, granizados are often sold in conjunction with other frozen confections in ice cream trucks and stands throughout the city. A classic Cuban flavoring for granizados is anise, made from extracts of the star anise spice.
- In the Dominican Republic and many Dominican neighborhoods, snow cones are called "frío frío", with "frío" being the Spanish word for "cold", or alternately called "Yun Yun".
- In Hawaii, they are known as "Hawaiian shave ice" or just 'Shave ice', and often resemble East Asian versions of shaved ice, with condensed milk and azuki beans often added as toppings, while a scoop of vanilla ice cream is common at the bottom of the cone.
- In Mexico, as well as in some Spanish-speaking communities of the Southwestern United States, Texas, and California, a finely shaved and syruped ice is called a "raspa", or "raspado".[3] Raspar is Spanish for "scrape"; hence raspado means "scraped", referring to the ice. Raspados come in a wide range of fruit flavors and classic Mexican flavors, including leche (sweetened milk with cinnamon), picosito (lemon and chili powder), chamoy (fruits and chili sauce, known as chamoyada), cucumber, guanabana, guava, pistachio, and tamarind.
- In most of Puerto Rico and many Puerto Rican neighborhoods, they are named "Piragua", because they are made in pyramid shapes and agua means water in Spanish. In western Puerto Rico towns such as Mayagüez, they are called "raspao". Most Puerto Rican snow cone vendors use street snow cone carts instead of fixed stands or kiosks. During the summer months in Puerto Rican neighborhoods, especially in New York and Philadelphia, "piragua" carts are often found on the streets and attract many customers.
- A Sno-ball is the New Orleans variant.
Central and South America
Central and South America shaved ice desserts have influences from both North American and Japanese cultures
- In Bolivia they are known as "Shikashika", where the ice is collected from the nearby mountains
- In Chile is called "mermelada con hielo" (ice jam), is a local curiosity that is widely consumed in Rancagua, in central Chile, rather than leading juice flavoring was jam
- In Colombia, Panama and Venezuela they are called "Raspados" or "Raspaos" and are also topped with condensed milk and fruit flavors.
- In Costa Rica they are called "granizados" or "copos"; and when they have ice cream on the top, they are called "churchills".
- In El Salvador and other countries of the Region, they are known as "Minutas"
- In Guatemala they are called "Granizada" and are topped with condensed milk and fruit.
- In Guyana they are known as "Crush Ice" or "Snow Cone" and are topped with condensed milk.
- In Peru they are known as "cremolada" and in some parts of the country as "raspadilla".
- In Brazil they are known as "raspadinha" and in some parts of the country as "Gelo ralado com groselha" (redcurrant).
Asia
East and Southeast Asia
In East Asia, shaved ice desserts are not only flavoured with various types of syrup. It is also common to add solid ingredients such as red bean paste, jellies, canned fruits, jams, sweetened condensed milk, and many other types of sweetened foods to vary the textures of the ice dessert.
- In Taiwanese cuisine it is known as "Bàobīng" (刨冰; Mandarin Pinyin) or Chhoah-peng (剉冰; Taiwanese POJ). There are many varieties in Taiwan. Some of them are topped with canned fruits, fruits syrup and condensed milk. Other variations can be found throughout CHION.
- In Japan, the ice is known as "Kakigōri" (かき氷; かきごおり) and topped with fruit flavoured or plain syrup. Some shops provide colorful varieties by using two or more different syrups. To sweeten Kakigōri, condensed milk is often poured on top of it. During the hot summer months, kakigōri is sold virtually everywhere in Japan. Some coffee shops serve it with ice cream, dango and red bean paste. Convenience stores may also sell it already flavored and packaged similar to ice cream.
- In Korea, the shaved ices are known as "Patbingsu" (팥빙수). It is topped with sweetened red beans, (or pat, 팥),[4] fresh fruits, and soybean powder. Many other varieties can be found throughout the country. One variety that has been very popular in Korea since 2014 is snow flower bingsu ("눈꽃빙수"). It is made of extremely finely-shaved ice where the texture resembles real snow flakes. Also, rather than using plain ice, milk is added to the ice so that the shaved ice has milky flavor.
- In Malaysia and Singapore, it is known as "ais kacang", which consists of shaved ice topped with sweetened syrup of various colours and flavours, condensed and evaporated milk, and sometimes also durian pulp or vanilla ice cream. Beneath the ice sweetened red beans, canned fruit, attap seeds and grass jelly are usually added. Electric ice shavers are often used; though some vendors may use a hand blade to shave the ice in order to produce a rough texture. A variation of this would be Cendol which is shaved ice with sweet green-coloured glutinous rice noodles drizzled with palm sugar; it is usually accompanied with kidney beans and canned sweetcorn.
- In Indonesia, it is known as "es campur", which is similar to the Malaysian/Singaporean ais kacang.
- In the Philippines, it is known as Halo halo which consists of shaved ice topped with sweetened beans and fruits, creme caramel (flan), nata de coco and ice cream. "Halo-halò" literally means "mix-mix" in Tagalog.
- In Thailand, this kind of cold dessert is known as "namkhaeng sai" (น้ำแข็งไส) and very popular. The differences from other countries' shaved ice is that in the Thai version the toppings (mixings) are in the bottom and the shaved ice is on top. There are between 20–30 varieties of mixings that can be mixed in. Among them are young coconut that have been soaked in coconut milk, black sticky rice, chestnuts, sweetened taro, red beans, sarim (thin strands of cooked flour that is very chewy and slippery) and many more.
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Taiwanese Baobing with strawberries and sweetened condensed milk
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Filipino Halo--halò with brightly coloured toppings
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Japanese Kakigōri with green tea (matcha) flavoring
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Korean Patbingsu with soft-serve ice cream and candied ingredients
South Asia
In South Asia, snow cones are enjoyed as a low-cost summer treat, often shaved by hand.
- In Pakistan it is often referred to as Gola ganda (Urdu: گولا گنڈا)
- In India known as Chuski; flavored with sugar syrups, fruit flavors and several other indigenous flavors like rose, khus, or kala-khatta. It is often topped with condensed milk. A literal translation of "Ball of ice" is used in many parts of India: Barfacha Gola in Marathi, Barf ka Gola in Hindi, and Barf no Golo in Gujarati.
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A man preparing shaven ice in India
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Shaven ice sold in the streets of India
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Crushed Ice with flavored syrups in India
Middle East
In Israel they are known as 'Barad', which is Hebrew for hail (ברד), following the Spanish granizado. Sold throughout the hot summer on kiosks, and independent stands installed on the streets and the beaches, they come in multiple fruit flavors.
Drinks
When large quantities of liquids are added to shaved ice, shaved ice drinks are produced
- Raspado – Mexican shaved ice drink
- Sâm bổ lượng, South Chinese and Vietnamese shaved ice drink/soup with jellies and fruits
- Cendol, South East Asian drink usually containing shaved ice
References
- ↑ Bell, Robert “The History of the Sno Cone.” Article Alley. 22 April 2009.
- ↑ Hamamatsu, Japan Visitor's Guide|http://www.inhamamatsu.com/recommend/japans-kakigori.php|date=May 2015
- ↑ Amy Chozick One Hundred Years of Craving Snow Cones From Texas to Tokyo, a reporter finds solace in the sweet and cold July 18, 2009, Wall Street Journal
- ↑ 팥빙수 (in Korean). Doosan Encyclopedia.
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