International University of Africa

This article is about an Islamic university in Khartoum. For the Christian university in Nairobi, see Africa International University.
International University of Africa
جامعة أفريقيا العالمية
Jāmiʿat afreqia al-alaamia

official logo of The International University of Africa
Type International organization
Established 1977
Vice-Chancellor Kamal Obeid
Location Sudan Khartoum, Sudan
15°31′57″N 32°34′05″E / 15.5326°N 32.5680°E / 15.5326; 32.5680Coordinates: 15°31′57″N 32°34′05″E / 15.5326°N 32.5680°E / 15.5326; 32.5680
Campus Urban
Colours                [1]
Affiliations

IAU
FUIW
AAU

WHO
Website http://www.iua.edu.sd
The main gate

The International University of Africa (Arabic: جامعة افريقيا العالمية‎) is a public University in Khartoum, Sudan. It is a member of the Federation of the Universities of the Islamic World. The university has faculties of Education and Humanities, Shariah and Islamic Studies, of Pure and Applied Sciences, Engineering and medicine.[2]

The university has its origins in the Islamic African Centre, established in Khartoum in 1977 with financial help from Saudi Arabia[3] and other Arab States of the Persian Gulf[4] to train preachers and educate young African Muslims and "imbue them with the Salafist view of Islam."[4] In 1992 the military government of Colonel Omar Al-Bashir upgraded the institute to a university. Although the word "Islamic" was dropped from the title, Islamic studies are an important part of the curriculum.[5] The university has been active in Islamic higher education in sub-Saharan Africa since it was created.[6]

Due to its location and cultural history the Sudan has been hosting a steady flow of groups from neighboring countries who were either in pursuit of knowledge or were on their way to perform hajj pilgrimage (Port Sudan is directly across the Red Sea from Mecca's port city of Jeddah). Some stayed behind either with a shaykh (religious leader) of fleeing religious persecution which set in as a result of European colonization. Others were forced by incessant wars to seek refuge and education in the Sudan. As of 2010 the university had almost 6000 students. Its 93-acre campus is located in the South-Eastern part of Khartoum State.[7]

History

African Islamic Center

The forerunner of the university known as the African Islamic Center[8] (also Islamic African Center[9] or Islamic African Institute[10]) was founded in 1977[3] or 1978[10] to train young Africans (particularly South Sudanese) in Salafist or fundamentalist interpretations of Islam. According to the university's website, it was set up by "a number of scholars ... with popular effort",[10] while outside source credit funding to Saudi Arabia and other Arab States of the Persian Gulf and management to the Islamist National Islamic Front of Sudan.

According to the Oxford Islamic Studies Online, the Sudanese Islamist group National Islamic Front founded the AIC "to undertake missionary work among the non-Muslim majority in southern Sudan".[8] Other sources indicate the training was not exclusively for Sudanese. Political scientist Gilles Kepel has described it created "to train preachers and young elites from French and English-speaking African countries", to "imbue them with the Salafist view of Islam." Kepel describes the center as "richly endowed by the Gulf States" and "headed" by a National Islamic Front party member "from 1979 on".[4] Rachel Bronson states that starting in 1977, Saudi Arabia "poured significant resources"[3] into the center.

According to the university's website, the Institute/Centre began by "accepted African students at the intermediate and secondary levels" from 1977-1979 before "this project was stopped". Later on the Institute/Centre was revived "on wider basis and with greater facilities" by the "Government of the Sudan". It "invited a number of Arab countries" to contribute and six responded—Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Qatar, The United Arab Emirates and Morocco. Their representatives "formed the Centre’s board of trustees" (the institute's highest authority) and "drew a statute which was approved by the Government of the Sudan and ratifies by the founding states".[10]

The Government of the Sudan granted the centre a "big plot of land and the president of the Republic gave it diplomatic immunities and privileges" which helped it to develop and progress quickly. The National Salvation Government ratified the previous statute.[10]

Between 1977 and 1986 the Institute/Centre was established and "its administration and systems were settled". 800 students could be accommodated and "hundreds" of students graduated. Teaching was expanded from intermediate and secondary levels to include two university colleges. "Social and cultural activities" included "youth cultural mission and graduates associations". In one African country "more than 500 applicants competed for ten scholarship awards" to AIC.[10]

But in 1405AH (1984-5) the Centre’s activity was curtailed after some member states "failed to pay their [promised] contributions", and the budget had to be cut at the same time that the two colleges were being established.[10]

International University of Africa

In 1411AH (1990–91), and due to the great demand of African students for higher education, the Government of the Sudan issued the following decree (according to the university website):[10]

  1. Elevating the Islamic African Centre to University statute with the name: International University of Africa.
  2. Inviting interested countries and charitable institutions to become members of the Board of Trustees.
  3. Ratifying the official seat agreement between the Government of the Sudan and the University and allowing it to retain the immunities and privileges granted to the Islamic African Centre.
  4. The University was established with almost the full support of the Government of the Sudan, new faculties, institutes and centers were set up and study programmes became diversified including studies at applied science faculties. Programmes of post-graduate studies were introduced. The number of students multiplied greatly; and the University’s internal and external relations were extended resulting a unique international African university.[11]

So in 1992 the institute was "upgraded" to a university and its name was changed to Africa University,[12] or International University of Africa.

In 1995, during the war against the non-Muslim Southern Sudanese, Spin magazine reported it had military training on campus.[13] Human Rights Watch notes that among other activities it provided "religious and cultural orientation programs" for prisoners of war in Sudan.[12]

Structure

The University runs the College of Education, Zanzibar, with a 2006 enrolment of 466 students.[14] In 2011, according to Centro de Ciencias Humanas y Sociales, Madrid, the university ranked 10,924 in the world, fifth in Sudan. In Sudan, it ranked behind the University of Khartoum, Sudan University of Science & Technology, National Ribat University and Karary University.[15]

Officially the Chancellor of the university is the President of the Country. In effect, the head of the university is the Vice-Chancellor. The university is legally independent from the Sudanese state, but the government is the largest financial backer. Classes are mostly held in Arabic, but most of the students come from non-Arabic-speaking African nations and from other countries such as Malaysia and Indonesia.[16]

The university, working with other organizations, established the Disaster Management and Refugees Studies Institute in 1993. The Institute was inaugurated in 1994 at a ceremony attended by Salim Ahmed Salim, Secretary General of the Organization of African Unity. It undertakes training and development of approaches to disaster management in the Horn of Africa.[17] In April 2011 the Vice-Chancellor of the University, Professor Hassan Mekki, met the Islamic Relief Agency Secretary General, Adnan Bin Khalil Al-Basha in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The two signed a memorandum of understanding on cooperation in charity and relief work.[18]

Faculties

The Academic System

The University follows the academic semester system and credit hours. The academic degree is awarded for successful completion of the prescribed courses during the academic semesters.

These courses include:

  1. University Requirements courses: "These are the compulsory courses for all university students. They include Islamic Studies, languages, and social subjects".
  2. Faculty requirements: compulsory courses for all the students of the particular faculty.
  3. Specialization Requirements: courses prescribed by the faculty for all the students of the same specialization.

Language used in instruction

Arabic is the medium of instruction in the faculties of economics, arts, law, education and shariah, and centres of the university on the bachelor's degree level. It is also the medium of instruction and dissertation writing for the post-graduate studies. English is the language of instructions in the faculties of engineering, medicine, pharmacy, dentistry, nursing and faculties of laboratory sciences.[19]

University Facilities

The University has

Students

As of 2010, about half of students have come from Sudan, and most from the horn of Africa. Almost all have come from parts of Africa, but other countries are represented:[20]

Country 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Total
Azerbaijan 1 1 - - - - - 2
Jordan 1 2 2 3 1 10 9 28
Brazil - 3 - - - 3 2 8
Gabon 1 - 1 - - - 1 3
Algeria - - 1 1 - 2 2 6
Saudi Arabia - - - - 1 1 - 2
Senegal 16 28 11 6 19 45 45 170
Sudan 409 648 697 1137 929 3116 3229 10165
Sweden - - - 1 - - 1 2
Chechnya - - - 1 - - 1 2
Somalia 138 159 184 298 213 649 637 2278
China 4 4 5 10 7 1 2 33
Iraq 1 1 1 6 8 17 15 49
Philippines 39 41 36 34 26 46 52 274
Cameroon 19 19 7 8 13 27 30 123
Congo 7 7 17 2 3 11 19 66
Hungary - 1 - 1 1 - - 3
Morocco 1 - - - - - - 1
Norway 1 - - - - - - 1
Austria - 1 - - - - - 1
Niger 27 17 21 9 27 60 66 227
India - 3 1 4 - 2 2 12
Japan 2 - 2 3 1 - - 8
Yemen 1 1 1 3 5 8 9 28
Uzbekistan - - - 1 - - - 1
Australia 2 - - - - - - 2
Afghanistan 2 1 1 4 - 6 7 21
Albania - - 1 1 - 1 1 4
Germany 2 3 - 1 - - - 6
America 2 1 2 6 - 1 1 13
Angola 1 - - 2 2 3 3 11
Ukraine - - - 1 - 1 1 3
Ethiopia 135 108 85 81 77 201 202 889
Eritrea 67 66 63 47 45 116 120 524
Central Africa - - 9 2 3 6 6 26
Indonesia 36 26 28 42 43 89 91 355
Iran - - 1 5 2 3 2 13
Italy 1 - - - - - - 1
Pakistan - 3 1 1 3 8 8 24
Botswana 1 - - - - - - 1
Britain - - - 1 - - - 1
Bangladesh 1 - 2 - - 1 1 5
Benin - - 5 2 1 4 4 16
Burkina Faso 14 8 9 5 4 18 17 75
Burundi 5 8 8 4 11 11 10 57
Thailand 53 86 42 28 35 60 62 366
Turkey 6 58 20 49 55 30 30 248
Chad 82 49 59 59 57 146 148 600
Tanzania 23 16 26 23 42 59 61 250
Togo 8 11 4 3 4 4 5 39
Tunisia 1 - - - 1 1 1 4
Comoros 44 51 84 47 45 126 124 521
Jamaica 1 - - - - - - 1
South Africa 4 1 1 - - - - 6
Djibouti 55 35 19 56 22 101 99 387
Rwanda 11 1 9 1 8 13 12 55
Russia 2 2 - 2 - 1 1 8
Zambia 4 1 7 1 4 6 6 29
Ivory Coast 6 10 7 11 6 22 23 85
Syria - 14 4 2 4 16 19 59
Switzerland - - - - - 1 1 2
Sierra Leone - 3 2 2 1 4 6 18
Seralanka - 2 2 - - 2 2 8
Seychelles - - - 1 - - - 1
Tajikistan 4 - 8 2 15 12 13 54
Gambia 13 - 1 6 - 27 25 72
Ghana 7 15 13 11 3 31 31 111
Guinea 5 10 11 7 4 23 22 82
Guinea Conakry - - - - - 3 - 3
France - 2 - 4 - 2 2 10
Palestine 4 - 8 5 9 20 20 66
Kyrgyzstan - - - - 2 1 2 5
Kirgia - - - - 2 2 - 4
Croatia 1 - 1 - - - - 2
Cambodia 3 - - 2 2 3 2 12
Canada - 1 - 1 - - - 2
South Korea 1 1 - - - - - 2
Kenya 58 43 88 84 121 208 200 802
Liberia - 1 2 - 3 4 3 13
Libya 1 - - - - 1 1 3
Lesotho - - - - 1 - 1 2
Mali 28 22 28 10 11 44 45 188
Malaysia 11 5 9 9 5 9 9 57
Madagascar 9 1 1 - - - - 11
Egypt 1 3 3 2 1 5 6 21
Mlacasi 1 - - - - - - 1
Malawi - 3 1 9 2 13 13 41
Moldova 1 - - - - - - 1
Mauritania 1 - 1 1 2 11 11 27
Mozambique 8 5 6 6 12 13 15 65
Nigeria 65 92 94 112 105 199 193 860
Uganda 27 35 47 27 24 64 61 283
Total 1478 1746 1810 2320 2053 5754 5870 21031

Foreign Relations of the University

University is a member of:

There are also bilateral agreements for scientific and cultural cooperation with the following Islamic and international universities academic institutions:

[22]

See also

References

  1. ↑ from "The brand colour – International University of Africa blue".
  2. ↑ "International University of Africa". Federation of the Universities of the Islamic World. Retrieved 2011-09-04.
  3. 1 2 3 Bronson, Rachel. Thicker than Oil: America's Uneasy Partnership with Saudi Arabia. Oxford University Press. p. 135. Retrieved 29 April 2015.
  4. 1 2 3 Kepel, Gilles (2002). Jihad: The Trail of Political Islam (2006 ed.). I.B.Tauris. p. 181. Retrieved 29 April 2015.
  5. ↑ Eva Evers Rosander, David Westerlund (1997). African Islam and Islam in Africa: encounters between Sufis and Islamists. Ohio University Press. p. 43. ISBN 0-8214-1213-2.
  6. ↑ MEGAN LINDOW (July 6, 2007). "Once Radical, a Sudanese Institution Has Changed Its Approach". The Chronicle of Higher Education. Retrieved 2011-09-04.
  7. ↑ "About Us". http://www.iua.edu.sd/english. Retrieved 29 April 2015. External link in |website= (help)
  8. 1 2 "National Islamic Front (Sudan)". Oxford Islamic Studies Online. Retrieved 29 April 2015.
  9. ↑ "International University of Africa Faculty of Medicine & Health Science". who.int. WHO. Retrieved 30 April 2015.
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "History of International University of Africa (IUA)". http://www.iua.edu.sd/. 25 August 2014. 25 August 2014. Retrieved 29 April 2015. External link in |website= (help)
  11. ↑
  12. 1 2 Rone,, Jemera; Human Rights Watch/Africa (1996). Behind the Red Line: Political Repression in Sudan. Human Rights Watch. p. 291. Retrieved 29 April 2015.
  13. ↑ "The March of the Green Flag". SPIN. May 1995. Retrieved 29 April 2015.
  14. ↑ Damtew Teferra, Jane Knight (2008). Higher education in Africa: the international dimension. African Books Collective. p. 425. ISBN 9988-589-40-9.
  15. ↑ "Rank of Universities of Sudan". Centro de Ciencias Humanas y Sociales, Madrid. Retrieved 2011-09-17.
  16. ↑ "DR.ABDUL-RAHIM'S VISIT TO JAPAN". The University of Tokyo. Retrieved 2011-09-04.
  17. ↑ "Introduction". Disaster Management and Refugees Studies Institute accessdate=2011-09-04. line feed character in |publisher= at position 51 (help)
  18. ↑ "International University of Africa - IRA Sign Memo of Understanding". Sudan News Agency. 6 April 2011. Retrieved 2011-09-04.
  19. ↑ "History of International University of Africa (IUA)". International University of Africa (IUA). Retrieved 30 April 2015.
  20. ↑
  21. ↑ International Medical Education and Research
  22. ↑

External links

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