Isotopes of phosphorus

Although phosphorus (P) has 23 isotopes from 24P to 46P, only one of these isotopes is stable 31P; as such, it is considered a monoisotopic element. The longest-lived radioactive isotopes are 33P with a half-life of 25.34 days and 32P with a half-life of 14.263 days. All other have half-lives under 2.5 minutes, most under a second. The least stable is 25P with a half-life shorter than 30 nanoseconds—the half-life of 24P is unknown.

Relative atomic mass: 30.973762(2)

Radioactive isotopes of phosphorus include:

Table

nuclide
symbol
Z(p) N(n)  
isotopic mass (u)
 
half-life decay
mode(s)[1]
daughter
isotope(s)[n 1]
nuclear
spin
representative
isotopic
composition
(mole fraction)
range of natural
variation
(mole fraction)
24P 15 9 24.03435(54)# ? p (>99.9%) 23Si (1+)#
β+ (<.1%) 24Si
25P 15 10 25.02026(21)# <30 ns p 24Si (1/2+)#
26P[n 2] 15 11 26.01178(21)# 43.7(6) ms β+ (98.1%) 26Si (3+)
β+, 2p (1.0%) 24Mg
β+, p (.9%) 25Al
27P 15 12 26.999230(28) 260(80) ms β+ (99.93%) 27Si 1/2+
β+, p (.07%) 26Al
28P 15 13 27.992315(4) 270.3(5) ms β+ (99.99%) 28Si 3+
β+, p (.0013%) 27Al
β+, α (8.6×10−4%) 24Mg
29P 15 14 28.9818006(6) 4.142(15) s β+ 29Si 1/2+
30P 15 15 29.9783138(3) 2.498(4) min β+ 30Si 1+
31P 15 16 30.97376163(20) Stable 1/2+ 1.0000
32P 15 17 31.97390727(20) 14.263(3) d β 32S 1+ trace
33P 15 18 32.9717255(12) 25.34(12) d β 33S 1/2+
34P 15 19 33.973636(5) 12.43(8) s β 34S 1+
35P 15 20 34.9733141(20) 47.3(7) s β 35S 1/2+
36P 15 21 35.978260(14) 5.6(3) s β 36S 4−#
37P 15 22 36.97961(4) 2.31(13) s β 37S 1/2+#
38P 15 23 37.98416(11) 0.64(14) s β (88%) 38S
β, n (12%) 37S
39P 15 24 38.98618(11) 190(50) ms β (74%) 39S 1/2+#
β, n (26%) 38S
40P 15 25 39.99130(15) 153(8) ms β (70%) 40S (2−,3−)
β, n (30%) 39S
41P 15 26 40.99434(23) 100(5) ms β (70%) 41S 1/2+#
β, n (30%) 40S
42P 15 27 42.00101(48) 48.5(15) ms β (50%) 42S
β, n (50%) 41S
43P 15 28 43.00619(104) 36.5(15) ms β, n 42S 1/2+#
44P 15 29 44.01299(75)# 18.5(25) ms β 44S
45P 15 30 45.01922(86)# 8# ms [>200 ns] β 45S 1/2+#
46P 15 31 46.02738(97)# 4# ms [>200 ns] β 46S
  1. Bold for stable isotopes
  2. Has 1 halo proton

Notes

References

External links

  1. "Universal Nuclide Chart". nucleonica. (registration required (help)).
Isotopes of silicon Isotopes of phosphorus Isotopes of sulfur
Table of nuclides
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