Japanese destroyer Aoi (1920)

History
Sister ship Kuri at anchor, 1937
Empire of Japan
Name:	Aoi
Builder:	Kawasaki Dockyard Co., Kobe
Laid down:	1 April 1920
Launched:	9 November 1920
Completed:	20 December 1920
Struck:	15 January 1942
Fate:	Set on fire by American artillery, 23 December 1941
General characteristics as built
Type:	Momi-class destroyer
Displacement:	864 t (850 long tons) (normal) 1,036 t (1,020 long tons) (deep load)
Length:	83.8 m (275 ft) (pp) 85.3 m (280 ft) (o/a)
Beam:	7.9 m (26 ft)
Draft:	2.4 m (8 ft)
Installed power:	21,500 shp (16,000 kW) 3 × Kampon water-tube boilers
Propulsion:	2 shafts; 2 × Parsons steam turbines
Speed:	36 knots (67 km/h; 41 mph)
Range:	3,000 nmi (5,600 km; 3,500 mi) at 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph)
Complement:	110
Armament:	3 × single 12 cm (4.7 in) Type 3 guns 2 × twin 53.3 cm (21.0 in) torpedo tubes

The Japanese destroyer Aoi (葵) was one of 21 Momi-class destroyers built for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) in the late 1910s. She was converted into a patrol boat in 1940 and was lost during the Battle of Wake Island shortly after the beginning of the Pacific War in December 1941.

Design and description

The Momi class was designed with higher speed and better seakeeping than the preceding Enoki-class second-class destroyers. The ships had an overall length of 85.3 meters (280 ft) and were 83.8 meters (275 ft) between perpendiculars. They had a beam of 7.9 meters (26 ft), and a mean draft of 2.4 meters (8 ft). The Momi-class ships displaced 864 metric tons (850 long tons) at standard load and 1,036 metric tons (1,020 long tons) at deep load. They were powered by two Parsons direct-drive steam turbines, each driving one propeller shaft, using steam provided by three Kampon water-tube boilers.^[1] The turbines were designed to produce 21,500 shaft horsepower (16,000 kW), which would propel the ships at 36 knots (67 km/h; 41 mph). The ships carried a maximum of 275 metric tons (271 long tons) of fuel oil which gave them a range of 3,000 nautical miles (5,600 km; 3,500 mi) at 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph). Their crew consisted of 110 officers and crewmen.^[2]

The main armament of the Momi-class ships consisted of three 12-centimeter (4.7 in) Type 3 guns in single mounts; one gun forward of the superstructure in a well deck, one between the two funnels, and the last gun atop the aft superstructure. The guns were numbered '1' to '3' from front to rear. The ships carried two above-water twin sets of 53.3-centimeter (21.0 in) torpedo tubes; one mount was in the well deck between the forward superstructure and the forward gun and the other between the aft funnel and aft superstructure.^[2]

In 1940, Aoi was converted into a patrol boat. Her torpedo tubes, minesweeping gear, and aft 12 cm gun were removed in exchange for two triple mounts for license-built 25 mm (0.98 in) Type 96 light AA guns and 60 depth charges. In addition one boiler was removed, which reduced her speed to 18 knots (33 km/h; 21 mph) from 12,000 shp (8,900 kW). These changes made her top heavy and ballast had to be added which increased her displacement to 950 metric tons (935 long tons).^[3]^[4]

Construction and career

Aoi, built at the Kawasaki Dockyard Co. shipyard in Kobe, was laid down on 1 April 1920, launched on 9 November 1920 and completed on 20 December 1920. During 1940, she was converted into a patrol boat and was renamed Patrol Boat No. 32 on 1 April 1940. The ship was deliberately run aground on 23 December 1941 during the second Battle of Wake Island at coordinates 19°17′N 166°37′E / 19.283°N 166.617°E / 19.283; 166.617Coordinates: 19°17′N 166°37′E / 19.283°N 166.617°E / 19.283; 166.617 to allow her Special Naval Landing Force troops to disembark. Nearby Marine anti-aircraft guns then set her on fire. Patrol Boat No. 31 was struck from the Navy List on 15 January 1942.^[3]

Notes

↑ Watts & Gordon, pp. 259–60
1 2 Jentschura, Jung & Mickel, p. 137
1 2 Hackett, Kingsepp & Cundall
↑ Gardiner & Gray, p. 244

References

Gardiner, Robert & Gray, Randal, eds. (1984). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships: 1906–1921. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-85177-245-5.
Hackett, Bob; Kingsepp, Sander & Cundall, Peter (2007). "IJN Patrol Boat No. 32: Tabular Record of Movement". SHOKAITEI! Stories and Battle Histories of the IJN's Patrol Boats. Combinedfleet.com. Retrieved 16 November 2015.
Jentschura, Hansgeorg; Jung, Dieter & Mickel, Peter (1977). Warships of the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1869–1945. Annapolis, Maryland: United States Naval Institute. ISBN 0-87021-893-X.
Watts, Anthony J. & Gordon, Brian G. (1971). The Imperial Japanese Navy. Garden City, New York: Doubleday. OCLC 202878.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Momi class destroyer.

Momi-class destroyers on Materials of the Imperial Japanese Navy

Momi-class destroyers / No. 31-class patrol boats

Momi Kaya Nashi Take Kaki / Ōsu Tsuga Nire / No. 1 Tomariura Kuri Kiku / Patrol Boat No. 31 Aoi / Patrol Boat No. 32 Hagi / Patrol Boat No. 33 Fuji / Patrol Boat No. 36 Susuki / Patrol Boat No. 34 Hishi / Patrol Boat No. 37 Hasu Warabi Tade / Patrol Boat No. 39 Sumire / Mitaka Tsuta / Patrol Boat No. 35 Ashi / No. 2 Tomariura Yomogi / Patrol Boat No. 38

Preceded by: Enoki class Followed by: Wakatake class

List of destroyers of the Imperial Japanese Navy

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