Kaushalya river
| Kaushalya River | |
|---|---|
|
Kaushalya dam near Pinjore | |
| Native name | कौशल्या नदी |
| Basin | |
| Main source | Shivalik Hills, Himachal Pradesh |
| River mouth | Panchkula district, Haryana |
| Countries | India |
| Physiognomy | |
| Discharge |
|
| Features | |
| Waterbodies | Kaushalya Dam |
| Bridges | Kaushalya bridge |
The Kaushalya river (Hindi: कौशल्या नदी), a tributary of Ghaggar river, is a river in Panchkula district of Haryana state of India.[1][2]
Origin and route
The Kaushalya river rises in the Shivalik hills on the border of Haryana and Himachal Pradesh State, and flows through Panchkula district and confluences with Ghaggar river near Pinjore just downstream of Kaushalya Dam.[1][2]
The basin is classified in two parts, Khadir and Bangar, the higher area that is not flooded in rainy season is called Bangar and the lower flood-prone area is called Khadar.[3]
Identification with Vedic rivers
Several modern scholars identify the old Ghaggar-Hakra River as the Sarasvati river and the Chautang river with the Drishadvati river of Vedic period, on the banks of which Indus-Sarasvati civilisation developed. such scholars include Gregory Possehl,[4] J. M. Kenoyer,[5] Bridget and Raymond Allchin,[6] Michael Witzel,[7] Kenneth Kennedy,[8] Franklin Southworth,[9] and numerous Indian archaeologists.
Gregory Possehl and Jane McIntosh refer to the Ghaggar-Hakra river as "Sarasvati" throughout their respective 2002 and 2008 books on the Indus Civilisation.[10][11]
Gregory Possehl states:
"Linguistic, archaeological, and historical data show that the Sarasvati of the Vedas is the modern Ghaggar or Hakra."[11]
Gallery
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Indus-Sarasvati civilisation major sites
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Ghaggar river flowing through Panchkula in Haryana
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Flock of Cormorants at Kaushalya Dam
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Migratory birds at Kaushalya Dam, near Pinjore, Haryana (Dec. 2015)
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Migratory birds at Kaushalya Dam, near Pinjore, Panchkula district (Dec. 2015)
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Migratory birds at Kaushalya Dam (Dec. 2015)
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Water of Kaushalya Dam attracts local and migratory birds (June 2015)
See also
- Western Yamuna Canal, branches off Yamuna
- Dangri, a tributary of Sarsuti
- Tangri river, a tributary of Sarsuti, merge if Dangri and Tangri are same
- Markanda river, a tributary of Ghaggar-Hakra River
- Sarsuti, a tributary of Ghaggar-Hakra River
- Chautang, a tributary of Ghaggar-Hakra River
- Sutlej, a tributary of Indus
- Ganges
- Indus
References
- 1 2 Hillsofmorni.com - Kaushalya dam
- 1 2 Dailymail - Scam worth Rs-217 crore failed Kaushalya Dam says CAG
- ↑ HaryanaOnline - Geography of Haryana
- ↑ Possehl, Gregory L. (December 1997), "The Transformation of the Indus Civilization", Journal of World Prehistory 11 (4): 425–472, JSTOR 25801118
- ↑ Kenoyer, J. M. (1997), "Early City-states in South Asia: Comparing the Harappan Phase and the Early Historic Period", in D. L. Nichols; T. H. Charlton, The Archaeology of City States: Cross Cultural Approaches, Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, pp. 52–70, ISBN 1560987227
- ↑ Allchin, Bridget; Allchin, Raymond (1982), The Rise of Civilization in India and Pakistan, Cambridge University Press, p. 160, ISBN 978-0-521-28550-6
- ↑ Erdosy 1995, pp. 105, 318.
- ↑ Erdosy 1995, p. 44.
- ↑ Erdosy 1995, p. 266.
- ↑ McIntosh, Jane (2008). The Ancient Indus Valley: New Perspectives. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1-57607-907-2.
- 1 2 Gregory L. Possehl (2002). The Indus Civilization: A Contemporary Perspective. Rowman Altamira. p. 8. ISBN 978-0-7591-0172-2.
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ghaggar-Hakra river. |
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sarasvati River. |
- Sarasvati-Sindhu civilization and Sarasvati River
- The Saraswati: Where lies the mystery by Saswati Paik
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