2013 Kenyan presidential election petition

Kenya Presidential Election Petition, 2013

Coat of Arms of Kenya
Court Supreme Court of Kenya
Full case name Raila Odinga & 5 others v Independent Electoral & Boundaries Commission & 3 others [2013]
Court membership
Judges sitting The Hon. Justice Willy Mutunga (Chief Justice)
Hon. Justice Philip Kiptoo Tunoi
Hon. Justice Jackton Boma Ojwang
Hon. Justice Mohamed Khadhar Ibrahim
Hon. Justice Smokin Wanjala
Hon. Lady Justice Njoki Susanna Ndung'u
Case opinions
Decision by Majority
Concurrence 6
Concur/dissent 6/0
Dissent 0

The Kenya Presidential Election Petition of 2013 was an election petition aiming to declare the Kenya presidential election 2013 invalid. The Petition was filed at the Supreme Court of Kenya on 16 March 2013.

The Report of the Kriegler Commission on the crisis that followed the 2007 general election placed a special requirement of fiduciary duty on the Supreme Court of Kenya in relation to any matter alleging election fraud.[1]

Background

The main petitioner Raila Odinga in a press conference shortly after the election results were announced on 9 March, noted that the election had been marred by massive and significant alleged failures of the biometric voter registration (BVR) kits,[2] the electronic voter identification system generated by these kits,[3] the results transmission or 'tallying' system[4] and the results presentation system.[5] In all, the petitioner's claim was that the manual tallying could not be relied on, and therefore the technical evidence of the IEBC needed to undergo scrutiny.

After the 2007 general election and the chaos that followed, the report by the Kriegler Commission urged Kenya came up with a new constitution that was promulgated on 27 August 2010 that detailed on how any future dispute concerning election will be solved. The major avenue of this was to set up Supreme court that would hear all issues regarding presidential election and make a ruling. Its decision is final.

Judges

The justices of the Supreme Court of Kenya would hear and determine the petition following the election, and any decision required a simple majority to pass. consisted of six justices at the time:

Petitioners

There were three petitions filed at the Supreme Court for determination:[6]

All above cases were consolidated and heard at the same time.

The respondents were:

Other organisations and entities that appealed for inclusion in the case as amicus curiae:

Pre-Trial Hearing

During the status conference judges decided on major issues brought up by the lawyers.

The court rejected 900 pages which formed the Second Affidavit of Raila Odinga`s position on the basis that it amounted to new evidence, which is not admissible under The Kenyan Constitution.[7] Senior Counsel, George Oraro for Raila Odinga, argued it was not new evidence, but instead was 'further and better particulars', giving precise details of each allegation as was presented. The court ultimately declined, as the affidavit was filed after the deadline for submission of evidence had passed.

The petitioners' appeal to for an audit of the ICT system of the IEBC was also declined, with the court citing that the process would be time consuming.[8] The 900 pages included the evidence of Raj Pal Senna marked "RO6"

The court also rejected AfriCOG request that IEBC produce all register that were used to identify voter at polling stations, citing that the time limit of 7 days to hear and rule the case would not be enough for this.[9]

The court had also rejected the Law Society of Kenya and the Katiba Institute's appeal for inclusion as amicus curiae, as they were deemed to be partisan to Uhuru Kenyatta and William Ruto. Attorney-General Githu Muigai's appeal was approved.

Case Hearing

AfriCOG's petition sought to demonstrate that constitutional and legal safeguards on the election process were so breached that the accuracy and legitimacy of the electoral outcomes was laid open to question. They sought to demonstrate that the electoral process was neither accountable nor transparent and its results therefore could not be verified.[10]

Raila Odinga`s petition sought to bring attention to the series of technological failures that cast doubt on the provisional results as tallied by the IEBC, as well as the breakdown of BVR Kits on polling day. He also alleged that massive electoral fraud and malpractices occurred that helped his opponent to win. [11][12]

During the case closing Lawyer for IEBC chairman Ahmednasir Abdullahi coined the term Raila Doctrine that state that an election can never be free and/or fair unless Raila Odinga wins the election;[13]

Case ruling

The case was decided unanimously by the six sitting judges.;[14]

The final judgement was issued on 16 April 2013.[15]

The court ruled that all members were to pay for their own costs.[16]

Aftermath

After the supreme court gave its ruling on 30 March, both Uhuru and Raila accepted the ruling.

In a televised speech, Uhuru said that "judgment upholding his election as the fourth President of Kenya is a victory to all Kenyans". He also said that his administration will be an all inclusive one and nobody should feel isolated. He further extended an olive branch to his major competitor, Raila Odinga.[17]

In his concession speech, Raila said 'Kenya is more important and urged Uhuru to reunite all Kenyans and uphold constitutionalism'. He disagreed with the court but he also noted that their decision is final.[18]

Following the determination of the case, the swearing in ceremony of Uhuru Kenyatta as president and William Ruto as deputy president was held on 9 April 2013 in accordance with Article 141(2)(b) of the constitution of Kenya:

In case the Supreme Court upholds the victory of the president-elect, the swearing in will take place on "the first Tuesday following the seventh day following the date on which the court renders a decision declaring the election to be valid.",

The event was held at Kasarani Stadium.[19]

Further developments

The full report of forensic investigation carried out by Raj Pal Senna was published after the petition.[20]

The report detailed how a forensic investigation of the technical evidence of the IEBC was carried out in relation to the technology deployed during the Kenyan Elections. In particular a forensic investigation was carried out on claims made by the IEBC that the electronic voter identification kits failed, the server used to handle transmission of election results overloaded and subsequently crashed, and that the database of results crashed. The affidavits of the IEBC and of Uhuru Kenyetta during the petition were similarly subjected to forensic scrutiny. The findings of this investigation were documented in a witness statement known as "Witness Statement R06"[21][22]

This inspired a documentary called "50%+1 - The Inside Story" by Kenya Television Network journalists John-Allan Namu and Mohammed Ali. [23][24]

Following the investigation by Raj Pal Senna and the legal notices filed by a voter George Nyongesa, the IEBC CEO James Oswago was arrested and prosecuted over the acquisition of the kits used for biometric voter registration.[25][26][27]

References

  1. ↑ http://kenyastockholm.files.wordpress.com/2008/09/the_kriegler_report.pdf
  2. ↑ http://kenya-legal.com/main/articles/6/bvr-not-biometric
  3. ↑ http://kenya-legal.com/main/articles/1/evid-not-compatible-with-bvr
  4. ↑ http://kenya-legal.com/main/articles/2/rts-was-sabotaged
  5. ↑ http://kenya-legal.com/main/articles/3/oracle-was-used-to-rig-and-steal-election
  6. ↑ All Africa .Kenya: Text of Supreme Court Decision Upholding Election Results
  7. ↑ Supreme Court blow for Cord as judges reject new evidence. . Business Daily . 26 March 2013
  8. ↑ Supreme Court rejects Raila's application for IEBC IT system audit. Daily Nation. 26 March 2013
  9. ↑ Court Rejects Africog’s Manual Voter Register Application. Citizen TV
  10. ↑ AfriCOG Question and Answer about the Electoral Petition
  11. ↑ Summary of CORD's petition. Standard Media
  12. ↑ CORD Reply to Affidavit.[CORD Petition: Summary of the Substance of the CORD Response to Defence Teams of IEBC, Uhuru Kenyatta and William Ruto]
  13. ↑ Nullifying poll results could spark a crisis, electoral body boss warns Standard Media acc date 2 May 2013
  14. ↑ All Africa .Kenya: Text of Supreme Court Decision Upholding Election Results
  15. ↑ Full Ruling of Petition No. 5 of 2013 [www.kenyalaw.org/klr/fileadmin/pdfdownloads/Petition_No.5of2013_Full_Judgement.docx]
  16. ↑ All Africa .Kenya: Text of Supreme Court Decision Upholding Election Results
  17. ↑ PPS. Supreme Court’s judgment a victory to all Kenyans: Uhuru
  18. ↑ Raila accepts Supreme Court verdict. Standard Media
  19. ↑ http://www.jambonewspot.com/inauguration-ceremony-on-april-9th-at-the-kasarani-stadium/ Inauguration ceremony on 9 April at the Kasarani Stadium]
  20. ↑ http://kenya-legal.com/main/articles/4/opco-report
  21. ↑ https://www.ktnkenya.tv/?articleID=2000083919&story_title=what-raila-failed-to-tell-in-petition-against-uhuru&pageNo=2
  22. ↑ http://www.standardmedia.co.ke/print/2000083919/the-raila-supreme-court-evidence
  23. ↑ http://www.standardmedia.co.ke/ktn/video/watch/2000077350/-part-one-the-inside-story-50-1-what-really-happened-during-the-2013-elections
  24. ↑ http://www.standardmedia.co.ke/ktn/video/watch/2000077350/-part-one-the-inside-story-50-1-what-really-happened-during-the-2013-elections
  25. ↑ http://kenya-legal.com/main/albums/view/4
  26. ↑ http://www.standardmedia.co.ke/ktn/?videoID=2000071378&video_title=james-oswago-arrested-over-bvr-kits-scandal
  27. ↑ https://www.kenya-today.com/news/breaking-iebc-ceo-james-oswago-arrested
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