Ketosteroid monooxygenase

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Ketosteroid monooxygenase (EC 1.14.13.54, steroid-ketone monooxygenase, progesterone, NADPH2:oxygen oxidoreductase (20-hydroxylating, ester-producing), 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, NADPH₂:oxygen oxidoreductase (20-hydroxylating, side-chain cleaving), androstenedione, NADPH₂:oxygen oxidoreductase (17-hydroxylating, lactonizing)) is an enzyme with systematic name ketosteroid,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (20-hydroxylating, ester-producing/20-hydroxylating, side-chain cleaving/17-hydroxylating, lactonizing).^[1]^[2]^[3] This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

ketosteroid + NADPH + H⁺ + O₂

\rightleftharpoons

steroid ester/lactone + NADP⁺ + H₂O (general reaction)

(1) progesterone + NADPH + H⁺ + O₂

\rightleftharpoons

testosterone acetate + NADP⁺ + H₂O

(2) androstenedione + NADPH + H⁺ + O₂

\rightleftharpoons

testololactone + NADP⁺ + H₂O

(3) 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone + NADPH + H⁺ + O₂

\rightleftharpoons

androstenedione + acetate + NADP⁺ + H₂O

Ketosteroid monooxygenase is a single FAD-containing enzyme that catalyses three types of monooxygenase reaction.

References

↑ Katagiri, M. and Itagaki, E. (1991). "A steroid ketone monooxygenase from Cylindrocarpon radicicola". In Müller, F. Chemistry and Biochemistry of Flavoenzymes. Florida: CRC Press. pp. 102–108.
↑ Itagaki, E. (1986). "Studies on a steroid monooxygenase from Cylindrocarpon radicicola ATCC 11011. Purification and characterization". J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 99: 815–824. PMID 3486863.
↑ Itagaki, E. (1986). "Studies on a steroid monooxygenase from Cylindrocarpon radicicola ATCC11011. Oxygenative lactonization of androstenedione to testololactone". J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 99: 825–832. PMID 3486864.

External links

Ketosteroid monooxygenase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

Oxidoreductases: dioxygenases, including steroid hydroxylases (EC 1.14)

1.14.11: 2-oxoglutarate	Prolyl hydroxylase Lysyl hydroxylase

1.14.13: NADH or NADPH	Flavin-containing monooxygenase FMO1 FMO2 FMO3 FMO4 FMO5 Nitric oxide synthase NOS1 NOS2 NOS3 Cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase Methane monooxygenase 3A4 Lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase 24-hydroxycholesterol 7α-hydroxylase

1.14.14: reduced flavin or flavoprotein	19A1 2D6 2E1

1.14.15: reduced iron-sulfur protein	11B1 11B2 11A1

1.14.16: reduced pteridine (BH4 dependent)	Phenylalanine hydroxylase Tyrosine hydroxylase Tryptophan hydroxylase

1.14.17: reduced ascorbate	Dopamine beta-hydroxylase

1.14.18-19: other	Tyrosinase Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1

1.14.99 - miscellaneous	Cyclooxygenase Heme oxygenase (HMOX1) Squalene monooxygenase 17A1 21A2

Enzymes

Activity	Active site Binding site Catalytic triad Oxyanion hole Enzyme promiscuity Catalytically perfect enzyme Coenzyme Cofactor Enzyme catalysis Enzyme kinetics Lineweaver–Burk plot Michaelis–Menten kinetics

Regulation	Allosteric regulation Cooperativity Enzyme inhibitor

Classification	EC number Enzyme superfamily Enzyme family List of enzymes

Types	EC1 Oxidoreductases(list) EC2 Transferases(list) EC3 Hydrolases(list) EC4 Lyases(list) EC5 Isomerases(list) EC6 Ligases(list)

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