Knave of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)

Knave of Hearts
Alice character
John Tenniel's illustration of the trial of the Knave of Hearts, with the King and Queen of Hearts above.
First appearance	Alice's Adventures in Wonderland
Created by	Lewis Carroll
Portrayed by	Crispin Glover (Tim Burton's Alice in Wonderland) Paul McGillion (Once Upon a Time) Michael Socha (Once Upon a Time in Wonderland)
Information
Nickname(s)	Jack of Hearts
Species	Human
Gender	Male
Occupation	Knave
Nationality	Wonderland

Alice's Adventures in Wonderland

The Knave of Hearts is mentioned first in chapter 8, and chapters 11 and 12 deal with his trial for a tart burglary in which the King of Hearts presides as judge. Alice eventually defends the Knave after the evidence becomes increasingly absurd and she is called as a witness.

The White Rabbit announces the charges as:

The Queen of Hearts, she made some tarts,

All on a summer day:

The Knave of Hearts, he stole those tarts,

And took them quite away!

The Knave rarely speaks during the trial. The Mad Hatter is called to give evidence but spends his entire time being nervous in front of the King and Queen of Hearts, and the Duchess's cook is summoned to tell the court what tarts are made of. Neither is a convincing witness, and the Knave does not offer a very good defense. He denies he wrote a letter that mysteriously appears in the court, but that he already knows isn't signed.

Fortunately for him, Alice diverts the attention of the court by growing ever and ever larger and arguing more and more, lastly with the Queen over the concept of "sentence first—verdict afterwards". Before a verdict can be reached for the Knave's innocence or guilt, Alice reaches full size and forcefulness, and then calls them "nothing but a pack of cards". They attack her, ending the trial.

It is believed by some people ^[1] that since Sir John Tenniel's illustration of the scene in chapter 12 has the Knave with small club outline shapes on his blouse, the ultimate nonsense is that the King and the Queen do not even have the correct person standing trial, this isn't the Knave of Hearts at all, and whoever it is unwilling to clarify the matter. However, this would also suppose Alice, the White Rabbit, the Mad Hatter and everyone else missed it as well, and that Carroll inserted an unintroduced character. After calling him "the Knave of Hearts" twice in chapter 8, the rest of the chapter simply refers to him as "the Knave". The only other non-heart card characters in the book are the three gardeners (drawn as spades), the ten soldiers (described and drawn as clubs), and the ten courtiers (described as diamonds). For other illustrations involving the Knave, the original art by Carroll for chapter 12 and the chapter 8 drawing by both Carroll and Tenniel show no markings.^[2]^[3]

The Knave in adaptations

Tim Burton's Alice in Wonderland

Ilosovic Stayne

First appearance	Alice in Wonderland (2010)
Created by	Lewis Carroll
Portrayed by	Crispin Glover
Information
Nickname(s)	Knave of Hearts
Gender	Male
Occupation	Knave
Nationality	Wonderland

Crispin Glover played the Knave of Hearts in the Tim Burton film Alice in Wonderland and will reprise the role in the sequel Alice in Wonderland: Through the Looking Glass. His real name is given as Ilosovic Stayne.

In the film, the relationship between the Knave and the Queen serves more as the Knave being the Red Queen's personal assassin. However, much like the other servants of the Queen, the Knave secretly hates her though he plays on her insecurities to secure his position.

During the fight between the Red Queen's army and the White Queen's army, the Knave of Hearts fights against the Mad Hatter. After the Jabberwocky is slain by Alice, the Knave of Hearts is also exiled to Outland with the Red Queen. He tries to kill the Red Queen only to be thwarted by Mad Hatter. As both of them are dragged to their exile, the Red Queen shouted "He tried to kill me" while the Knave of Hearts begged the White Queen to kill him.

He is also a major villain in the video game adaptation of the film and the second boss.

Television

In Syfy's original miniseries Alice, the Knave, played by Philip Winchester, is reimagined as Jack Heart (playing on the fact that "knaves" are now called "jacks"), the son of Mary Elizabeth Heart, a reimagining of both the Queen of Hearts and the Red Queen. Jack is the heir to the throne of Wonderland, but escaped to the "real" world to avoid marrying the Duchess. He eventually fell in love with his martial arts instructor, Alice, and was kidnapped by Agent White of the White Rabbits, prompting Alice to enter Wonderland to find him.
In the anime and manga series Pandora Hearts, the knave is reimagined as Jack Vessalius. A character who while initially presented as a hero; was later revealed to be the mastermind behind the majority of the conflict in the story including Alice's murder due to his insane love for Lacie who was based on the Red Queen to be reunited. This was foreshadowed by the fact that the word "knave" means an untrustworthy person it also means male servant referencing his loyalty for Lacie.
The Knave of Hearts appears in two episodes of Once Upon a Time: the season one episode Hat Trick and the season two episode Queen of Hearts where he is played by Paul McGillion. He takes the White Rabbit's place as the herald of the Queen of Hearts, who to mask her identity communicates with him by whispering through a horn.
A different Knave of Hearts appears in the show's spin-off Once Upon a Time in Wonderland where he is played by Michael Socha. This interpretation of the Knave was taken by the Evil Queen's curse to Storybrooke, Maine. At some point after the curse on the town is broken, the White Rabbit appears and recruits him to rescue Alice. His heart was previously removed by Cora (the Queen of Hearts, also the miller's daughter from Rumpelstiltskin and the mother of the Evil Queen) and was retrieved by Alice during her earlier adventures in Wonderland. The Knave of Hearts is also revealed to be Will Scarlet, who absconded to Wonderland with a woman named Anastasia, the Red Queen.

References

Lewis Carroll's Alice

Creators

Authors	Lewis Carroll Anna Matlack Richards Saki Gilbert Adair Frank Beddor

Illustrators	John Tenniel Arthur Rackham Blanche McManus Millicent Sowerby Peter Newell Fanny Cory Bessie Pease Gutmann Charles Robinson Harry Rountree Harry Furniss Mabel Lucie Attwell Milo Winter Oliver Herford Uriel Birnbaum Jessie Willcox Smith Charles Folkard Mervyn Peake Alex Blum Leonard Weisgard Walt Disney Marjorie Torrey Tove Jansson Ralph Steadman Frank Bolle Charles Blackman Barry Moser Michael Hague Anthony Browne Willy Pogany Marie Laurencin Salvador Dalí Greg Hildebrandt Gavin O'Keefe Tony Ross Helen Oxenbury Lisbeth Zwerger Oleg Lipchenko Franciszka Themerson

Characters

Alice's Adventures in Wonderland	Alice The White Rabbit The Mouse The Dodo The Duck The Lory Eaglet Pat Bill the Lizard Puppy The Caterpillar The Duchess The Cheshire Cat The March Hare The Hatter The Dormouse The Queen of Hearts The King of Hearts The Knave of Hearts The Gryphon The Mock Turtle

Through the Looking-Glass	Alice The Red Queen The White Queen The Red King The White King The White Knight Tweedledum and Tweedledee The Sheep Humpty Dumpty Haigha Hatta The Lion and the Unicorn Bandersnatch Jubjub Bird

Related topics

Adaptations

Poems	"All in the golden afternoon..." "How Doth the Little Crocodile" "The Mouse's Tale" "Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Bat" "You Are Old, Father William" "'Tis the Voice of the Lobster" "Jabberwocky" "The Walrus and the Carpenter" "Haddocks' Eyes" "They told me you had been to her..." "The Mock Turtle's Song" "The Hunting of the Snark"

Sequels	A New Alice in the Old Wonderland (1895) New Adventures of Alice (1917) Alice of Wonderland in Paris (1966) Alice Through the Needle's Eye (1984) Automated Alice (1996) Wonderland Revisited and the Games Alice Played There (2009)

Retellings	Alice's Adventures in Wonderland retold in words of one syllable (1905) Alice in Verse: The Lost Rhymes of Wonderland (2010)

Parodies	The Westminster Alice (1902) Clara in Blunderland (1902) Lost in Blunderland (1903) John Bull's Adventures in the Fiscal Wonderland (1904) Alice in Blunderland: An Iridescent Dream (1904)

Imitations	Mopsa the Fairy (1869) Davy and the Goblin (1884) The Admiral's Caravan (1891) Gladys in Grammarland (1896) A New Wonderland (1898) Rollo in Emblemland (1902) Justnowland (1912) Alice in Orchestralia (1925)

Reimagining	The New Alice in Wonderland (1966) Alice or the Last Escapade (1977) Adventures in Wonderland (1991) The Looking Glass Wars (2006) Alice (2009) Malice in Wonderland (2009) Alice in Wonderland (2010) Alice Through the Looking Glass (2016)

Film	1903 1910 1915 1931 1933 1949 1951 1966 1972 1976 1982 1985 1987 1988 (Czechoslovak) 1988 (Australian) 1995 1999

Stage	Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (ballet) Alice in Wonderland (musical) Alice in Wonderland (opera) Peter and Alice (2013 play) Wonder.land (musical)

Television	Fushigi no Kuni no Alice Once Upon a Time Once Upon a Time in Wonderland

Literary	Alice in Murderland Alice in the Country of Hearts characters Miyuki-chan in Wonderland

Video games	Alice no Paint Adventure (1995) Alice in Wonderland (2000) American McGee's Alice (2000) Alice in Wonderland (2010) Alice: Madness Returns (2011) Kingdom Hearts

Book:Alice in Wonderland
Category:Alice in Wonderland
Portal:Children's literature

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