Kurgan, Kurgan Oblast

For other places with the same name, see Kurgan (disambiguation).
Kurgan (English)
Курган (Russian)
-  City[1]  -

Kuybysheva Street in Kurgan

Location of Kurgan Oblast in Russia
Kurgan
Location of Kurgan in Kurgan Oblast
Coordinates: 55°28′N 65°21′E / 55.467°N 65.350°E / 55.467; 65.350Coordinates: 55°28′N 65°21′E / 55.467°N 65.350°E / 55.467; 65.350
Coat of arms
Flag
Administrative status (as of October 2014)
Country Russia
Federal subject Kurgan Oblast[1]
Administratively subordinated to Kurgan City Under Oblast Jurisdiction[1]
Administrative center of Kurgan Oblast,[1] Kurgan City Under Oblast Jurisdiction[1]
Municipal status (as of October 2014)
Urban okrug Kurgan Urban Okrug[2]
Administrative center of Kurgan Urban Okrug[2]
Head Sergey Vladimirovich Rudenko
(Сергей Владимирович Руденко)
Representative body City Duma[3]
Statistics
Area 393 km2 (152 sq mi)[4]
Population (2010 Census) 333,606 inhabitants[5]
- Rank in 2010 53rd
Density 849/km2 (2,200/sq mi)[6]
Time zone YEKT (UTC+05:00)[7]
Founded 1679
City status since 1782
Previous names Tsaryovo Gorodishche (until 1782)
Postal code(s)[8] 640ххх
Dialing code(s) +7 3522
Official website
Kurgan on Wikimedia Commons

Kurgan (Russian: Курган; IPA: [kʊrˈgan]) is the city and the administrative center of Kurgan Oblast, Russia. Population: 333,606 (2010 Census);[5] 345,515 (2002 Census);[9] 355,517 (1989 Census).[10].

History

Kurgan in the 1850s

An urban settlement was established here between 1659 and 1662 as Tsaryovo Gorodishche (Царёво Городи́ще), by Timofei Neweschin, a farmer from Tyumen. In the ensuing years it was developed as a fortress town. It served as a frontier post and its fortified position enabled it to defend other Russian settlements from nomad attacks. Nevertheless, it was itself not always able to withstand such attacks, and was sometimes plundered and burnt down.

The city was granted city privileges by the Empress, Catherine the Great in 1782 which is when it acquired its present name and became the seat of an uyezd. The present name is taken from a large kurgan (burial mound) close to the original settlement.

Its coat of arms dates were granted on 17th March 1785, and it became the administrative center of Kurgan Oblast in 1943. Kurgan was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labour in 1982.

Administrative and municipal status

Kurgan is the administrative center of the oblast.[1] Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is incorporated as Kurgan City Under Oblast Jurisdiction—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, Kurgan City Under Oblast Jurisdiction is incorporated as Kurgan Urban Okrug.[2]

Economy and military

Kurgan stands on the Trans-Siberian Railway line, between Yekaterinburg and Omsk. It is served by two railway stations and the Kurgan Airport, and it was home to the Kurgan West air base during the Cold War. It is also home to Russian Ilizarov Scientific Center for Restorative Traumatology and Orthopaedics, KAvZ autobus plant, and the machine building company Kurganmashzavod which produces the widely known BMP-1, BMP-2 and BMP-3 infantry fighting vehicles.

Climate

Kurgan has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification Dfb).

Climate data for Kurgan
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 4.3
(39.7)		 6.0
(42.8)		 17.3
(63.1)		 31.3
(88.3)		 36.6
(97.9)		 38.5
(101.3)		 40.5
(104.9)		 38.5
(101.3)		 34.5
(94.1)		 23.8
(74.8)		 14.2
(57.6)		 5.8
(42.4)		 40.5
(104.9)
Average high °C (°F) −11
(12)		 −9.3
(15.3)		 −1.3
(29.7)		 10.5
(50.9)		 19.2
(66.6)		 24.8
(76.6)		 25.9
(78.6)		 23.2
(73.8)		 16.6
(61.9)		 8.5
(47.3)		 −2.8
(27)		 −9.1
(15.6)		 7.9
(46.2)
Daily mean °C (°F) −15.2
(4.6)		 −14.2
(6.4)		 −6.5
(20.3)		 4.6
(40.3)		 12.6
(54.7)		 18.4
(65.1)		 19.8
(67.6)		 17.2
(63)		 10.9
(51.6)		 3.9
(39)		 −6.4
(20.5)		 −12.9
(8.8)		 2.7
(36.9)
Average low °C (°F) −19.2
(−2.6)		 −18.6
(−1.5)		 −11.1
(12)		 −0.5
(31.1)		 6.5
(43.7)		 12.1
(53.8)		 14.0
(57.2)		 11.8
(53.2)		 6.1
(43)		 0.2
(32.4)		 −9.8
(14.4)		 −16.8
(1.8)		 −2.1
(28.2)
Record low °C (°F) −47.9
(−54.2)		 −47.9
(−54.2)		 −44.3
(−47.7)		 −27.2
(−17)		 −17.1
(1.2)		 −3.5
(25.7)		 3.0
(37.4)		 −1.6
(29.1)		 −7.7
(18.1)		 −24.8
(−12.6)		 −38.8
(−37.8)		 −46.4
(−51.5)		 −47.9
(−54.2)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 19
(0.75)		 12
(0.47)		 14
(0.55)		 18
(0.71)		 39
(1.54)		 52
(2.05)		 54
(2.13)		 54
(2.13)		 42
(1.65)		 31
(1.22)		 26
(1.02)		 22
(0.87)		 383
(15.08)
Average rainy days 1 1 4 10 16 16 15 17 18 14 6 2 120
Average snowy days 23 18 14 6 2 0.1 0 0 1 9 17 21 111
Average relative humidity (%) 82 80 78 66 59 63 69 72 74 77 81 81 74
Mean monthly sunshine hours 72 118 185 237 279 306 300 251 180 109 69 56 2,162
Source #1: Pogoda.ru.net[11]
Source #2: NOAA (sun, 1961–1990)[12]

Educational facilities

Kurgan Philarmony

Notable people

International relations

Twin towns and sister cities

Kurgan is twinned with:

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Law #316
  2. 1 2 3 Law #419
  3. ↑ КУРГАНСКАЯ ГОРОДСКАЯ ДУМА (из Устава города Кургана)
  4. ↑ "Паспорт муниципального образования Курганской области город Курган". Официальный сайт муниципального образования город Курган. Archived from the original on 2012-11-03. Retrieved 2012-10-28. External link in |publisher= (help)
  5. 1 2 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
  6. ↑ The value of density was calculated automatically by dividing the 2010 Census population by the area specified in the infobox. Please note that this value may not be accurate as the area specified in the infobox does not necessarily correspond to the area of the entity proper or is reported for the same year as the population.
  7. ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №248-ФЗ от 21 июля 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #248-FZ of July 21, 2014 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
  8. ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (Russian)
  9. ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  10. ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  11. ↑ "Weather and Climate-The Climate of Kurgan" (in Russian). Weather and Climate. Retrieved 30 November 2015.
  12. ↑ "Kurgan Climate Normals 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 30 November 2015.

Sources

External links

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