Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis
| Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Bacteria |
| Phylum: | Firmicutes |
| Class: | Bacilli |
| Order: | Lactobacillales |
| Family: | Lactobacillaceae |
| Genus: | Lactobacillus |
| Species: | L. sanfranciscensis |
| Binomial name | |
| Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis (ex Kline & Sugihara 1971) Weiss & Schillinger 1984 | |
Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis (formerly L. sanfrancisco) is a species of lactic acid bacteria that helps give sourdough bread its characteristic taste. It is named after San Francisco, where sourdough was found to contain the variety, though it is not endemic to the area.[1]
Sourdough starters are leavened by a mixture of yeast and lactobacilli in a ratio of about 1:100. The yeast is most commonly Candida humilis. This yeast cannot metabolize the maltose found in the dough, while the Lactobacillus needs maltose.[2] They therefore act without conflict for substrate, with the Lactobacillus utilizing maltose and the yeast utilizing the other sugars, including the glucose produced by the Lactobacillus.
For commercial use, specific strains of the L. sanfranciscensis are grown on defined media, freeze-dried, and shipped to bakeries worldwide.
References
- ↑ Karel Kulp, Klaus Lorenz (2003). Handbook of Dough Fermentation. CRC Press. ISBN 0-8247-4264-8.
- ↑ Neubauer H, Glaasker E, Hammes WP, Poolman B, Konings WN (1994). "Mechanism of maltose uptake and glucose excretion in Lactobacillus sanfrancisco". J Bacteriol 176 (10): 3007–12. PMC 205458. PMID 8188601.