LMS Fowler Class 3F

16564, newly built in 1928

Type and origin
Power type	Steam
Designer	Henry Fowler
Builder	W. G. Bagnall (32) Wm. Beardmore & Co. (90) Hunslet Engine Co. (90) LMS Horwich Works (15) North British Locomotive Co. (75) Vulcan Foundry (120)
Build date	1924–1931
Total produced	422

Specifications
Configuration	0-6-0T
UIC class	C n2t
Gauge	4 ft 8 ¹⁄₂ in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
Driver dia.	4 ft 7 in (1.397 m)
Wheelbase	16 ft 6 in (5.03 m)
Length	31 ft 4 ³⁄₄ in (9.57 m)
Loco weight	49.50 long tons (50.29 t; 55.44 short tons)
Fuel type	Coal
Fuel capacity	2.25 long tons (2.29 t; 2.52 short tons)
Water cap	1,200 imp gal (5,500 L; 1,400 US gal)
Firebox: • Firegrate area	16 sq ft (1.5 m²)
Boiler	LMS type G5½
Boiler pressure	160 lbf/in² (1.10 MPa)
Heating surface: • Tubes	967 sq ft (89.8 m²)
• Firebox	97 sq ft (9.0 m²)
Superheater	None
Cylinders	Two, inside
Cylinder size	18 in × 26 in (457 mm × 660 mm)
Valve gear	Stephenson, slide valves

Performance figures
Tractive effort	20,835 lbf (92.68 kN)

Career
Operators	London, Midland and Scottish Railway Somerset and Dorset Joint Railway War Department Northern Counties Committee British Railways
Power class	3F
Nicknames	Jinty
Axle load class	BR: Route Availability 5
Withdrawn	1959–1967
Disposition	9 preserved; remainder scrapped

Preserved No. 47324 on the East Lancashire Railway

The London Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) Fowler 3F 0-6-0T is a class of steam locomotive, often known as Jinty. They represent the ultimate development of the Midland Railway's six-coupled tank engines.

Introduction

Design of this class was based on rebuilds by Henry Fowler of the Midland Railway 2441 Class introduced in 1899 by Samuel Waite Johnson. These rebuilds featured a Belpaire firebox and improved cab. 422 Jinties were built between 1924 and 1931; this class was just one of the Midland designs used on an ongoing basis by the LMS. The locomotives were built by the ex-L&YR Horwich Works and the private firms Bagnall's, Beardmores, Hunslet, North British and the Vulcan Foundry.

Details

Numbers		Lot No.	Date built	Built by	Notes
Original	1934	Lot No.	Date built	Built by	Notes
7100–7119	7260–7279	12	1924	Vulcan Foundry 3717–3736
7120–7134	7280–7294	13	1924	North British 23121–23135
7135–7141	7295–7301	14	1924	Hunslet 1460–1466
7142–7149	7302–7309	14	1925	Hunslet 1467–1474
7150–7156	7310–7316	—	1929	W. G. Bagnall 2358–2364	Né SDJR 19–25
16400–16459	7317–7376	34	1926	North British 23396–23455
16460–16509	7377–7426	35	1926	Vulcan Foundry 3948–3997
16510–16518	7427–7435	36	1926	Hunslet 1511–1519
16519–16534	7436–7451	36	1927	Hunslet 1520–1535
16535–16543	7452–7460	37	1926	W. G. Bagnall 2288–2296
16544–16549	7461–7466	37	1926	W. G. Bagnall 2297–2302
16550–16554	7467–7471	50	1928	Vulcan Foundry 4175–4179
16555–16560	7472–7477	50	1927	Vulcan Foundry 4169–4174
16561–16599	7478–7516	50	1928	Vulcan Foundry 4180–4218
16600–16624	7517–7541	51	1928	Beardmore 325–349
16625–16632	7542–7549	52	1927	Hunslet 1558–1565
16633–16649	7550–7566	52	1928	Hunslet 1566–78/82/80/81/79
16650–16669	7567–7586	58	1928	Hunslet 1591–1610
16670–16674	7587–7591	58	1929	Hunslet 1611–1615
16675–16684	7592–7601	59	1928	W. G. Bagnall 2343–2352
16685–16723	7602–7640	60	1928	Beardmore 350–388
16724–16749	7641–7666	60	1929	Beardmore 389–414
16750–16764	7667–7681	82	1931	LMS Horwich Works

When new, they were numbered 7100–7149, 16400–16764. Numbers 7150–7156 were added when the LMS absorbed the Somerset and Dorset Joint Railway locomotives in 1930. In the 1934 LMS renumbering scheme, the locomotives were assigned the series 7260–7681. On the outbreak of the Second World War in 1939 they were initially chosen as the standard shunting locomotive for the War Department, but later the more modern Hunslet "Austerity" 0-6-0ST was chosen in preference. Nevertheless, eight were dispatched to France before its fall in 1940, and only five returned in 1948. Two, 7456 and 7553, were converted to the 5 ft 3 in (1,600 mm) Irish broad gauge in 1944 and 1945 for use on Northern Counties Committee lines in Northern Ireland, becoming the NCC Class Y, and numbered 18 and 19. A total of 412 thus entered British Railways stock in 1948, rising to 417 by the end of the year.

British Railways numbers were the LMS numbers prefixed with '4'. Numbers 47477, 47478, 47479, 47480, 47481, 47655 and 47681 were fitted for push-pull train working.

The first withdrawals started in 1959 and by 1964 half had been withdrawn. The final five survived until 1967, with a further one, 47445 continuing with the National Coal Board.

Table of withdrawals
Year	Quantity in service at start of year	Quantity withdrawn	Locomotive numbers	Notes
1940	422	8	7613/11/07/60/59/63, 7589, 7617.	to WD 8 to 15
1944	412	2	7456, 7553	to NCC 18/19
1948	412	(5)	47589, 47607/11/59/60.	Repatriated from SNCF
1959	417	25	47274/91/96/99, 47301/09/15/29/31/37/39/46/63/64/70/82/8794, 47407/09/11/40/77/89, 47538.
1960	392	48	47260/62/65/71/82, 47303/11/23/35/47/52/74, 47401/36/43/46/63/86/98, 47509/10/23/25/27/28/37/41/60/61/63/67–69/73/75/76/85/86/91/95, 47600/35/36/39/50/52/70/72.
1961	344	34	47263/68/77, 47312/34/69/98, 47403/05/18/20/21/38/48/62/84, 47508/13/29/40/59/70/71/80, 47605/07/19/20/24–26/32/34/37.
1962	310	75	47261/69/70/75/90/92, 47302/04/10/16/19/28/32/40/42/48/51/53/53/58/66/76/81/92, 47402/04/14/17/22/24–26/31/33/55/57/66/70/73–75/79/83/88/91/97, 47504/14/16/22/26/36/42/45/46/48/52/54–56/62/72/74/88/93, 47601/04/08/10/21/30/33/42/44/78.
1963	235	40	47264/67/78/81/83/87/94, 47300/22/60/79/86, 47412/13/19/41/49/58–60/64/81/90/96, 47502/18/32/39/47/51/81–83/89. 47618/38/51/54/57/79.
1964	195	49	47284/88/97, 47306/08/20/33/43–45/49/54/55/65/68/72/75/80/85/90, 47430/34/61/67/69/76/78/92, 47501/03/11/15/17/24/49/50/57/58/79/84/87/94, 47609/22/23/28/40/48/53.
1965	146	63	47285/86/95, 47305/21/25/30/38/50/59/61/62/71/78/95/99, 47400/08/23/28/29/32/39/42/51/52/54/64/68/80/85/87/95/99, 47500/05/12/19/20/43/44/64/77/78/96/97, 47606/14/16/45–47/55/56/60/64–66/76/77/80/81.
1966	83	77	47266/72/73/76/79/80/93/98, 47307/14/17/18/24/26/27/36/41/57/67/73/77/84/88/89/91/93/96/97, 47406/10/15/16/27/35/37/44/45/47/50/53/71/72/82/93/94, 47503/07/21/30/33/35/65/66/90/92/98/99, 47602/03/11/12/15/27/31/41/43/49/58/59/61/62/67/68/71/73–75.	47445 to NCB
1967	6	6	47289, 47313/83, 47531/34, 47629.

Preservation

Due to their large numbers, late withdrawals and renowned performances, nine of these engines (plus a spare set of frames and a boiler from 47564) have been preserved. They are most suited to a further working life and many were restored within years of leaving the scrap heap. Today only 47445 and 47564 have never steamed beyond their old BR days, though the latter isn't technically a preserved locomotive. Their locations and conditions are as follows: Their current number is highlighted in Bold

One member of the class has operated on the main line in preservation. This was 7298/47298, which took part during the Rainhill celebrations in 1980 when it hauled a number of Steamport residents from the museum in Southport to Rainhill and also took part in the cavalcade. Today owned by Ian Riley it is currently undergoing an overhaul for a possible main line comeback.

Original Number	S&D Number	Number BR	Year Built	Factory	Base	Status	Notes
7119		47279	1924	Vulcan Foundry	Keighley and Worth Valley Railway	Static Display	On display inside the museum at Oxenhope.
7138		47298	1924	Hunslet Engine Company	East Lancashire Railway	Undergoing Overhaul
16407		47324	1926	North British Locomotive Company	East Lancashire Railway	Undergoing Overhaul
16410	23	47327	1926	North British Locomotive Company	Midland Railway	Withdrawn, Requires Boiler Repairs^[1]	Currently painted in Somerset & Dorest Joint Railway Prussian Blue livery as number 23. This engine has also appeared in the film Train of Events where it is used as a yard shunter in London.
16440		47357	1926	North British Locomotive Company	Midland Railway	Under Overhaul
16466		47383	1926	Vulcan Foundry	Severn Valley Railway	Static Display	On Display inside The Engine House at Highley awaiting eventual overhaul.
16489		47406	1926	North British Locomotive Company	Great Central Railway	Operational
16528		47445	1927	Hunslet Engine Company	Midland Railway	Under Restoration
16576		47493	1928	Vulcan Foundry	Spa Valley Railway	Under Overhaul
16647		47564	1928	Hunslet Engine Company	Midland Railway	Spares Donor	Being used as a spare parts donor for other Jinty's on the line so will most likely never steam again.

In fiction

An engine of this type can be seen in the Rev. W. Awdry's The Railway Series book 'The Eight Famous Engines'. The character's name was Jinty, and came from the "Other Railway" (aka British Railways) to help out when the main engines went on a journey to England.

In the videogame Transport Tycoon of Chris Sawyer, the Jinty is offered as the cheapest and most basic engine of the game, and is the only one available from the beginning (the game timeline begin in 1930).

Models

A OO gauge model of the Class 3F was produced by Tri-ang during the 1960s and production continued after the company's acquisition of Hornby Railways. Hornby continue to produce a model for their "Railroad" range.

In the 2000s Bachmann Branchline released a more detailed OO model. In N gauge Graham Farish produced a model as a "GP Tank" in various liveries including some of other railway companies before later tooling an accurate 'Jinty' model. In O gauge and Gauge 1 Bachmann Brassworks produce an example. In O gauge, Connoisseur Models produces an etched brass kit. In HO (3.5 mm) scale Firedrake Productions produced a small run of 20 kits.

Darstaed, a model train company in Great Britain, currently produces O gauge tintype models of the LMS Fowler Class 3F, affectionately referring to them by the nickname of Jinty.

References

↑ Steam Railway Magazine Issue 439

Rowledge, J.W.P. (1975). Engines of the LMS, built 1923–51. Oxford: Oxford Publishing Company. ISBN 0-902888-59-5.
Hunt, David; Jennison, John; Essery, Bob. LMS Locomotive Profiles No. 14 The Standard Class 3 Freight Tank Engines. ISBN 978-1-905184-80-4.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to LMS Fowler 3F (Jinty).

LMS Jinty at Spa Valley Railway - 28 April 2004 - Photo gallery

London, Midland and Scottish Railway locomotives

Hughes (1923–1925)	5MT Crab

Fowler (1925–1931)	2P 4-4-0 2F Dock Tank 3MT 2-6-2T 3F Jinty 4P Compound 4MT 2-6-4T 4F 0-6-0 6P Patriot 7P Royal Scot 7F 0-8-0 Garratt 6399 Fury

Stanier (1932–1944)	2P 0-4-4T 3MT 2-6-2T 4MT 2-6-4T (2 cylinders) 4MT 2-6-4T (3 cylinders) 5MT 2-6-0 5MT Black Five 6P Jubilee 8P Princess Royal 8P Coronation 8F 2-8-0 Turbomotive

Fairburn (1944–1945)	4MT 2-6-4T

Ivatt (1945–1947)	2MT 2-6-0 2MT 2-6-2T 4MT 2-6-0 NCC Class WT 2-6-4 Diesels 10000–10001

Diesel shunters	1831 7050 7051 7052 7053 7054 7055–7056 7057 7058 7059–7068 7069–7079 7080–7119 7120–7129

Other designs	ROD 2-8-0 Kitson 0-4-0ST Sentinels 7160–7163 Sentinel 7164 Sentinel 7192

British Railways steam locomotives GWR locomotives LMS locomotives LNER locomotives Southern Railway locomotives

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