Las Palmas

For other uses, see Las Palmas (disambiguation).
Las Palmas
Las Palmas de Gran Canaria
Municipality

Views of Las Palmas, clockwise from top, Las Canteras Beach, Canaria Local Government Center, Alfredo Kraus Hall, Night of Canaria Catedral, Lighthouse in Las Palmas Port, Perez Galdos Theater, View of Downtown Las Palmas

Flag

Coat of arms
Las Palmas
Coordinates: 28°9′N 15°25′W / 28.150°N 15.417°W / 28.150; -15.417Coordinates: 28°9′N 15°25′W / 28.150°N 15.417°W / 28.150; -15.417
Country  Spain
Autonomous community  Canary Islands
Province Las Palmas
Island Gran Canaria
Founded 24 June 1478
Government
  Mayor Augusto Hidalgo (PSOE)
Area
  Total 100.55 km2 (38.82 sq mi)
Elevation 8 m (26 ft)
Highest elevation 300 m (1,000 ft)
Lowest elevation 8 m (26 ft)
Population (2010)
  Total 383,308
  Density 3,800/km2 (9,900/sq mi)
Demonym(s) palmense (es)
Time zone WET (UTC+0)
  Summer (DST) WEST (UTC+1)
Postal code 35001-35020
Language(s) Spanish
Website www.lpavisit.com

Las Palmas (/ˌlɑːs ˈpɑːlməs/ or /ˌlɑːs ˈpɑːməs/, Spanish: [las ˈpalmas], locally: [laʰ ˈpalmaʰ]), officially Las Palmas de Gran Canaria,[lower-alpha 1] is a city and capital of Gran Canaria, in the Canary Islands. It is the co-capital (jointly with Santa Cruz de Tenerife) and the most populous city in the autonomous community of the Canary Islands, and the ninth largest city in Spain, with a population of 383,308 in 2010. Nearly half (45.9%) of the people of the island and 18.35% of all inhabitants of the Canary Islands live in this city. It is also the fifth most populous urban area in Spain with a population exceeding 700,000[1] and (depending on sources) ninth or tenth most populous metropolitan area in Spain with a population of between 625,000 and 750,000.[2][3][4][5] Las Palmas is the largest city of the European Union lying outside the European Continent. It is located in the northeast part of the Spanish island of Gran Canaria, about 150 kilometres (93 miles) off the northwestern coast of Africa[6] within the Atlantic Ocean.

Las Palmas enjoys a very mild and pleasant desertic climate (highly influenced by the Atlantic Ocean) with mild to warm temperatures throughout the year. Locals know it as the "Eternal Spring", with an average annual temperature of 21.3 °C (70.3 °F).[7] According to a study carried out by Thomas Whitmore, director of research on climatology at Syracuse University in the U.S., Las Palmas enjoys "the best climate in the world".[8]

It was founded as a city in 1478, considered the de facto only capital of the Canary Islands until the seventeenth century.[9] Today, the city is capital of Canary Islands with Santa Cruz and home to the Canarian Ministry of Presidency (shared in a 4-year term with Santa Cruz de Tenerife), home to half of the Ministries and Boards of the Canarian Government, and home to the High Court of Justice of the Canary Islands. It is the judicial and commercial capital of the Canary Islands, and is also home to a great share of the executive power.

History

Old jail Barranco Seco
Rotonda lighthouse in Puerto de la Luz

The city was founded by Juan Rejón on 24 June 1478, with the name "Real de Las Palmas". Rejón was head of the invading Castilian army, before engaging in war with the locals. In 1492, Christopher Columbus (Spanish:Cristóbal Colón) anchored in the Port of Las Palmas, and spent some time on the island on his first trip to the Americas. He also stopped on the way back to Spain. The Casa de Colón museum in the Vegueta area of the city is named after him. In 1595 Francis Drake failed to plunder the island. The raid and partial destruction of Las Palmas by the Dutch under Vice Admiral Pieter van der Does in 1599 is considered a major event in the city's history. In 1927, Las Palmas was designated the premier capital of the Canary Island by decree of 30 November 1833,[10]

The Las Palmas seaport, Puerto de la Luz, known internationally as La Luz Port, benefited greatly from the closure of the Suez Canal during the Arab-Israeli conflict. Due to its situation as nexus of two continents and its importance as a tourist destination, many foreign workers have migrated to the city.

Las Palmas de Gran Canaria is a sister city of San Antonio, Texas in the United States, which was founded in 1718 by about 25 Canary Islanders.

Administrative divisions

Administrative divisions of Las Palmas

Las Palmas is divided into five administrative districts, which in turn are subdivided into districts, not necessarily consistent with the traditional neighborhoods.

No District Population[11]
1 Vegueta, Cono Sur y Tafira 73,243
2 Centro 88,546
3 La Isleta-Puerto-Canteras 71,412
4 Ciudad Alta 101,684
5 Tamaraceite-San Lorenzo 39,191

Climate

Las Palmas has a subtropical-desert climate (BWh)[12] with warm dry summers and moderately warm winters. Its average annual temperature is 21.2 °C (70.2 °F)28 °C (82 °F) during the day and 18 °C (64 °F) at night. In the coldest month—January—the temperature typically ranges from 19 to 23 °C (66 to 73 °F) during the day (and sometimes more), around 15 °C (59 °F) at night, the average sea temperature is 20 °C (68 °F). In the warmest months—August and September—the temperature typically ranges from 25 to 30 °C (77 to 86 °F) during the day, above 21 °C (70 °F) at night, the average sea temperature is 23 °C (73 °F). Large fluctuations in temperature are rare.

August 1990 was the warmest month on record, with the average maximum temperature of the month during the day being 30.6 °C (87.1 °F).[13] The coldest temperature ever recorded was 9.4 °C (48.9 °F). The highest wind speed ever recorded was on the 28th of November 2005, measuring 113 km/h (70.21 mph). Las Palmas city has never recorded any snow or sleet.

Annual average relative humidity is 68%, ranging from 65% in March to 71% in October. Sunshine duration hours is above 2,800 per year, from around 190 in winter (average above 6 hours of sunshine duration at day) to around 300 in summer (average 10 hours of sunshine duration at day).[14] It rains on average only 22 days a year, with total precipitation per year of only 151 mm (5.9 in).[15]

Climate data for Las Palmas,Gran Canaria Airport (1981-2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 29.5
(85.1)
30.9
(87.6)
34
(93)
34.3
(93.7)
36
(97)
36.9
(98.4)
44.2
(111.6)
39.2
(102.6)
39
(102)
36
(97)
36.2
(97.2)
29.4
(84.9)
44.2
(111.6)
Average high °C (°F) 20.8
(69.4)
21.2
(70.2)
22.3
(72.1)
22.6
(72.7)
23.6
(74.5)
25.3
(77.5)
26.9
(80.4)
27.5
(81.5)
27.2
(81)
26.2
(79.2)
24.2
(75.6)
22.2
(72)
24.2
(75.6)
Daily mean °C (°F) 18.0
(64.4)
18.3
(64.9)
19.3
(66.7)
19.5
(67.1)
20.4
(68.7)
22.2
(72)
23.8
(74.8)
24.6
(76.3)
24.3
(75.7)
23.1
(73.6)
21.2
(70.2)
19.3
(66.7)
21.2
(70.2)
Average low °C (°F) 15.3
(59.5)
15.6
(60.1)
16.1
(61)
16.2
(61.2)
17.3
(63.1)
19.2
(66.6)
20.8
(69.4)
21.6
(70.9)
21.4
(70.5)
20.1
(68.2)
18.1
(64.6)
16.5
(61.7)
18.2
(64.8)
Record low °C (°F) 10.2
(50.4)
9.4
(48.9)
10.5
(50.9)
12
(54)
12.2
(54)
14.4
(57.9)
16.4
(61.5)
17.6
(63.7)
16.8
(62.2)
14.8
(58.6)
12.8
(55)
12.0
(53.6)
9.4
(48.9)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 25
(0.98)
24
(0.94)
13
(0.51)
6
(0.24)
1
(0.04)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
9
(0.35)
16
(0.63)
22
(0.87)
31
(1.22)
151
(5.94)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) 3 3 2 1 0 0 0 0 1 2 4 5 22
Mean monthly sunshine hours 184 191 229 228 272 284 308 300 241 220 185 179 2,821
Source: World Meteorological Organization (UN),[16] Agencia Estatal de Meteorología[17]
Average sea temperature:[18]
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
20.0 °C (68.0 °F) 19.1 °C (66.4 °F) 19.1 °C (66.4 °F) 19.3 °C (66.7 °F) 20.0 °C (68.0 °F) 21.0 °C (69.8 °F) 21.8 °C (71.2 °F) 22.5 °C (72.5 °F) 23.4 °C (74.1 °F) 23.4 °C (74.1 °F) 22.1 °C (71.8 °F) 20.5 °C (68.9 °F) 21.0 °C (69.8 °F)

Demographics

As of 2008 almost one in five (18.35%) of all inhabitants of the Canary Islands live in Las Palmas.

Throughout history, Las Palmas received waves of immigrants from mainland Spain and countries from every continent. The majority of the population is Spanish, although there are large North and Sub-Saharan African and Latin American communities, as well as important historical minorities such as Indians (Sindhi) and Koreans and a growing Chinese population.

Las Palmas' population (1900-2007).

Ethnically, most autochthonous Canarians are descendants of a mixture of aboriginal people (guanches) of the Canary Islands (now extinct), the Spanish conquistadores and later European (mainly Spanish, Portuguese, Flemish, Irish, French, Italian, German and British) colonizers.

Year Population Density
1991 354,887 3,529.46/km2
1996 355,563 3,536.18/km2
2002 370,649 3,686.22/km2
2004 376,953 3,748.92/km2
2007 377,203 3,751.40/km2
2008 381,123 3,790.38/km2
2010 383,308 3,812.11/km2

Education

Las Palmas is home to University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria with appr. 25,000 students.

The city also has a wide variety of state and public primary and secondary schools:

International schools include:

The Escuela Complementaria Japonesa de Las Palmas previously provided a weekend supplementary Japanese programme.[24]

Culture

Windows of Santa Ana Cathedral, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria

Las Palmas offers a variety of theater, cinema, opera, concerts, visual arts and dance performances. The city hosts the Canary Islands Music Festival, the Theatre and Dance and the International Film Festival. The main City Festival, celebrating the foundation of the "City Fiestas de San Juan"[25] is held in June. The Carnival of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria[26] is known not only in Spain but also worldwide, and is one of the main attractions for tourists. The city center of Las Palmas, specifically the Vegueta and Triana neighbourhoods, are included in the tentative List of UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

Museums, theatres and exhibition halls

Casa de Colón (Columbus House) y Pilar Nuevo
Plaza del Pueblo Canario, Nestor Museum
Lady Harimaguada, Martín Chirino.
Pérez Galdós Theatre

Auditorium and Convention Center

Auditorio Alfredo Kraus

Libraries

The city has a wide network of libraries. Along with the 11 municipal libraries, there are three specialized centres:

A library is situated in the first floor of Woermann Tower.

Other cultural events

Neighborhoods

Nightlife

One of the themed nights of the Carnival of Las Palmas 2008

The historic district of Vegueta has regained great popularity in recent years, the meeting place of choice at weekends for many young people, who fill its bars and discos. In the port area are also numerous bars and nightclubs, particularly in the vicinity of Santa Catalina.

The Carnival of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria usually takes place between January and February each year; popular activities include Mogollon dances and queen and the drag queen galas. The WOMAD (World Of Music, Art & Dance) Festival usually occurs in November each year in the capital of Gran Canaria – 2010 marks the sixteenth edition.

Tourism

Beaches

View of Las Canteras Beach
Las Canteras Beach Avenue

The city has four main beaches: Las Canteras, Las Alcaravaneras, La Laja, and El Confital.

Parks and squares

Parque San Telmo
The Cathedral of Santa Ana, in the capital city, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.
Castillo de la Luz
Church of San Juan Bautista
Botanic garden in Arucas

Other sights on the suburbs

Transportation

Roads and highways

Road in the city

Urban road infrastructure is overburdened on workdays and in certain areas; the city street plan is not at all rectilinear, and may be confusing even to experienced drivers. However, there are no toll roads; entrances, exits, main streets and important zones are all well-signposted.

Las Palmas, being the centre of the Las Palmas metropolitan area, is the hub for the island's motorway network. The city is linked with three highways: the GC-1 to the south, the GC-2 to the west and GC-3 to the center of the island.

The GC-1 links the capital with Puerto Rico in the south. It is the fastest route from the top of the island to the bottom and vice versa with a speed limit of 120 km/h (75 mph). It is approximately 75 km (47 mi) in length and runs along the eastern and the southern coasts, and is also the second longest superhighway in the Canary Islands. The road provides easy access from the airport to the major cities and resorts, which include Maspalomas and Playa del Inglés. The increase in tourism over the years has necessitated the route's upgrading and widening to cope with traffic growth. The GC-1 begins south of the downtown area of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, the highway runs within the beach of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria and 2 km (1 mi) south intersects with the GC-2 and later runs with a few clover leaf interchanges and later forms a junction with GC-5 and south, the GC-31.

The GC-2 North Highway connects Las Palmas with the small northern port and village of Agaete. The eastern portion about 20 km (12 mi) in length is a superhighway with interchange numbers, the rest of the highway is a two-laned; the western part is also only two-laned and has exit numbers. The highway begins by the beach area of the island, and runs through the downtown area, linking with the GC31 at a roundabout interchange. The freeway runs within the beaches and the coastline of the Atlantic Ocean for the half part but at around the 20th km, it becomes a highway after the unidirectional parclo interchanges and runs within the coastline, it later has several interchanges and several towns as it passes to the northwest and finally, it ends in Agaete.

Airport

Las Palmas is served by Gran Canaria Airport, often called Las Palmas Airport (IATA: LPA, ICAO: GCLP). In 2008, it handled 10,212,106 passengers,.[36] This airport handled 33,695,248 kg (74,285,306 lb) of cargo, and is the fourth busiest in Spain. It is also the only airport on the islands with two runways, thus can accommodate up to 53 landings and take-offs per hour. The lengthy runways made the airport an alternative landing site for the NASA Space Shuttle.[37] Also this airport is a base for Binter Canarias and Navegacion y Servicios Aéreos Canarios, airlines which operate regional inter-island flights within the Canary Islands. The Airport is located in the eastern part of the island, about 18 km (11 mi) from the Las Palmas city center.

An airbase of the Spanish Air Force is located to the east of the runways. Beyond several hangars opposite the passenger terminal, the Gando Air Base (Base Aérea de Gando) contains ten shelters situated on the southern end of the eastern runway.

Seaport

Puerto de Las Palmas (Las Palmas Port), also known as 'Puerto de la Luz', is a main port for fishing, commercial, passenger and sports in the northwest of the city. It has been the traditional base for scale and supplying ships on their way through the Middle Atlantic for five centuries. The Port of Las Palmas is not only the first port of the Canary Islands, it is one of the main ports of Spain and the first of the geographical area of West Africa. As the leading port in the mid-Atlantic, it serves as the crossroads between Europe, Africa and America. In 2007, the port received some 11,262 ships; it welcomed a total of 907,782 cruise passengers, a 16.26% increase on 2006. In terms of annual TEU, the port of Las Palmas ranks as the 5th in Spain, and is among the first 15 ports of Europe.

The Port of Las Palmas is the first Mid-Atlantic fishing base, with an annual traffic of more than 4,500 stopovers and with some 400,000 tons of frozen fish processed. Despite experiencing some decline in recent years, it retains its dominance in the fishing industry over other ports in the Canary Islands. The port provides 175,000 m3 (6,180,067 cu ft) of cold storage facilities. At the foot of pier, special refrigerated containers and preparation rooms for frozen products owned by Trastainer can carry out the entire chain of post-processing and storage of fish, from refrigeration and distribution, to manufacture and supply of industrial ice. The port's EU-approved border inspection post is responsible for inspecting all types of imports and exports between the European Economic Union and its trading partners.

Public transportation

Guaguas Municipales

Las Palmas boasts a high quality bus system, provided by Guaguas Municipales.[38] Municipal Bus Lines offers 40 urban transport routes, covering both the bottom and the top of the city. The main lines are the 1 (Teatro - Puerto), 2 (Alameda de Colón - Puerto), 17 (Teatro - El Rincón), 25 (Campus Universitario - El Rincón), 12 (Puerto - Hoya de la Plata) and 30 (Alameda de Colón - Santa Catalina, via Rehoyas). In addition, two circular lines (A: Santa Catalina - Santa Catalina, via Alcaraveneras) and B (Santa Catalina - Santa Catalina, via Ciudad Alta).

The most important bus lines have frequencies of between 3 and 15 minutes during the day and between 10 and 40 minutes at night; most lines have service throughout the night. The bright yellow buses are known simply as 'guaguas'. The unique tariff, paid directly to the driver, is 1.30 euro. A 10-ride ticket is available for €7.50 at official shops in the city. The Tarjeta Insular (Island Card) which offered a 20% discount on both municipal buses and Global buses was discontinued on 1 January 2011.

Global, inter-hire company, has 119 lines, many to or from the capital. This company was formed in 2000, resulting from the merger of the previous Salcai and interurban lines Utinsa.

There is also the Guagua Turística, which covers the most interesting sites of the city with a guide in several languages.

Under construction

El Tren de Gran Canaria (TG) is a rail project initially proposed as an alternative way to get from Las Palmas to Maspalomas[39] but was later raised to Agaete extension.

Another project is the Tramway Palmas (Gran Canaria), which would cover the same journey as the bus line 1, with an average frequency of 5 minutes and a journey time of 35 minutes.

Sports

Las Palmas is home to three major professional sports teams. These are:

Las Palmas was one of the arenas of 2014 FIBA World Championship for Group D, consisting Lithuania, Angola, Korea, Slovenia, Mexico and Australia. Matches were played in the new arena - Palacio de Deportes de Las Palmas with a capacity of about 10,000.

Many [mainly] outdoor sports are practised in city and neighbourhood, for example: surfing, windsurfing, kitesurfing, swimming, diving, skydiving, paragliding, running, cycling, rowing, tennis and golf (mainly in Las Palmeras Golf, Real Club De Golf De Las Palmas, El Cortijo Club de Campo and Oasis Golf). Real Club De Golf De Las Palmas, inaugurated on 17 December 1891, is the oldest golf club in Spain.[40]

Image gallery

Twin towns — sister cities

Las Palmas is twinned with:

People from Las Palmas

Notes

  1. Full name pronunciation:
    • English /ˌlɑːs ˈpɑːlməs də ˌɡræn kəˈnɛəriə/ or /ˌlɑːs ˈpɑːməs də ˌɡræn kəˈnɛəriə/
    • Spanish: [las ˈpalmaz ðe ɣɾaŋ kaˈnaɾja], locally: [laʰ ˈpalmaʱ ðe ɣɾãⁿ kaˈnaɾja].

References

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  2. Urban Audit - Eurostat
  3. Study on Urban Functions: Final Report - European Spatial Planning Observation Network, ISBN 2-9600467-2-2
  4. "Conurbaciones". Retrieved 11 March 2011.
  5. Europe: metropolitan areas - World Gazetteer, 2012
  6. "Situación y Clima. Ayuntamiento de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria". Laspalmasgc.es. Archived from the original on 29 June 2010. Retrieved 11 March 2011.
  7. https://www.turismodecanarias.com/promoturturismocanarias/tag/eterna-primavera/
  8. "Gran Canaria Weather – The best climate in the world". Retrieved 29 November 2008.
  9. La Junta Suprema de Canarias. Volumen I. Buenaventura Bonnet y Riveron. Real Sociedad Económica de Amigos del País de Tenerife, Editorial: Editorial Interinsular Canaria SA, publicado en Santa Cruz de Tenerife en 1980 (reedición de 1948) Páginas 104-106
  10. Real Decreto de 30 de noviembre de 1833 Wikisource
  11. "Datos Poblacionales del término municipal de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. Avance del Padrón Municipal. Datos provisionales" (PDF). Instituto Nacional de Estadística (Spain). 1 January 2007.
  12. http://koeppen-geiger.vu-wien.ac.at/pdf/kottek_et_al_2006_A4.pdf
  13. "Extreme values for Gran Canaria Airport". Aemet.es. Retrieved 22 July 2015.
  14. "Valores Climatológicos Normales: Gran Canaria".
  15. "Weather Information for Las Palmas". World Meteorological Organization.
  16. "Weather Information for Las Palmas".
  17. "Guía resumida del clima en España (1981-2010)".
  18. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Sea Temperature – seatemperature.org
  19. "Contact." The British School of Gran Canaria. Retrieved on April 8, 2015. "Tafira School Address Crta. Tafira a Marzagán s/n. El Sabinal 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Las Palmas" and "South School Address C\ Mar de Azor, 3 El Hornillo 35100 San Bartolomé de Tirajana Las Palmas"
  20. "Nous contacter"/"Contacto." Lycée Français René-Verneau. Retrieved on 8 April 2015. "LYCÉE FRANÇAIS RENÉ-VERNEAU de GRAN CANARIA Crta. de Taliarte s/n 35214, Telde (Espagne)"
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  22. Ávila Tàpies, Rosalía (University of Kyoto) and Josefina Domínguez Mujica (Universidad de Las Palmas). "The Canary Islands in the Japanese Imaginary: The Analysis of Three Contemporary Narratives" (Spanish: Canarias en el imaginario japonés: el análisis de tres narrativas contemporáneas; Page archive, PDF archive). Anuario de Estudios Atlánticos ISSN 0570-4065, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (2011), no. 57, pp. 525-56. Received 26 May 2010. Accepted 30 June 2010. English abstract available. CITED: p. 528 (PDF 4/38). "El colegio japonés «rasuparumasu nihonjin gakko-» en Tafira Baja, abierto en el año 1973 (octubre) como el tercer colegio japonés más antiguo de Europa y el primero de España, se cerró definitivamente en el 2000 (marzo)."
  23. "関係機関へのリンク" (Archive). The Japan School of Doha. Retrieved on March 31, 2015. "アテネ日本人学校(2007年3月休校)" and "ラス・パルマス日本人学校(2001年3月閉校)"
  24. "欧州の補習授業校一覧 (Archive). MEXT, January 2, 2003. Retrieved on April 6, 2015. "ラス・パルマス La escueda [sic] complementaria japonesa de Las Palmas Carretera del Centro 47,TafiraAlta,LasPalmas de Gran Canaria SPAIN"
  25. http://www.promocionlaspalmas.com/sanjuan/
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  29. Guía de Playas, Ministerio de Medio Ambiente de España
  30. «Cuando ya se dominaba el arte, se podía optar por otros lugares como La Barra, el Murro del Lloret o incluso El Confital, que se destaca en las revistas especializadas por la perfección de la ola que, no obstante, no está al alcance de cualquiera. (...) Los surferos de Las Canteras tienen el orgullo de decir que en 'El Confi', nombre por el que lo conocen, se origina la mejor ola 'de derecha' de Europa.» Barrera Artiles (op. cit., pp. 75 y 176.).
  31. Entre el 8 y el 14 de octubre tendrá lugar en El Confital el certámen La Caja de Canarias-Ocean & Earth Pro 2007, prueba de categoría cuatro estrellas valedera para las clasificatorias mundiales masculinas de la ASP. Sitio web del evento
  32. 1 2 "Historia de Santa Brígida", Ayuntamiento de Santa Brígida
  33. 1 2 3 "Lugares de interés histórico cultural de Santa Brígida", Cabildo de Gran Canaria
  34. "Discover Arucas". Grancanaria.com. Retrieved 2013-03-12.
  35. "mytravelguide.com". mytravelguide.com. Retrieved 2013-03-12.
  36. AENA passenger and aircraft movements for 2008
  37. John Pike (27 April 2005). "Space Shuttle Emergency Landing Sites". Globalsecurity.org. Retrieved 11 March 2011.
  38. "Inicio". Guaguas.com. Retrieved 11 March 2011.
  39. "El tren de Gran Canaria pasará de la capital al sur de Gran Canaria". Canarias7.es. Retrieved 11 March 2011.
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External links

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