Lee Marvin
| Lee Marvin | |
|---|---|
 Marvin in 1971. | |
| Born |
February 19, 1924 New York City, New York, U.S. |
| Died |
August 29, 1987 (aged 63) Tucson, Arizona, U.S. |
| Cause of death | Heart attack |
| Resting place | Arlington National Cemetery |
| Residence | Tucson, Arizona |
| Education |
Manumit School St. Leo College Preparatory School |
| Occupation | Actor |
| Years active | 1950–1986 |
| Spouse(s) |
Betty Ebeling (m. 1951; div. 1967) Pamela Feeley (m. 1970–87) |
| Partner(s) | Michelle Triola (1965–1970) |
| Children |
Christopher Courtenay Cynthia Claudia |
|
Military career | |
| Allegiance |
 United States |
| Service/branch |
 United States Marine Corps |
| Years of service | 1942–1945 |
| Rank | Private First Class |
| Unit | 24th Marine Regiment, 4th Marine Division |
| Battles/wars | -Battle of Saipan |
| Awards |
 Purple Heart Medal |
Lee Marvin (February 19, 1924 – August 29, 1987) was an American film and television actor.[1] Known for his distinctive voice, white hair and 6 ft 1 1⁄2 in (187 cm)[2] stature, Marvin initially appeared in supporting roles, mostly villains, soldiers and other hardboiled characters. From 1957 to 1960, he starred as Detective Lieutenant Frank Ballinger in the NBC crime series, M Squad.
In 1966, he won several awards, including an Academy Award for Best Actor, and Best Actor BAFTA and the Best Actor Golden Globe, for his dual roles in Cat Ballou.
Early life
Marvin was born in New York City. He was son of Lamont Waltman Marvin, an advertising executive and the head of the New York and New England Apple Institute, and his wife Courtenay Washington (née Davidge), a fashion writer and beauty consultant.[3] As with his older brother, Robert, he was named in honor of Confederate General Robert E. Lee, who was his first cousin, four times removed. His father was a direct descendant of Matthew Marvin, Sr., who emigrated from Great Bentley, Essex, England in 1635 and helped found Hartford, Connecticut.[3]
Marvin studied violin when he was young.[4] As a teenager, Marvin "spent weekends and spare time hunting deer, puma, wild turkey and bobwhite in the wilds of the then-uncharted Everglades."[5]
He attended Manumit School, a Christian socialist boarding school in Pawling, New York, during the late 1930s, and later attended St. Leo College Preparatory School in St. Leo, Florida after being expelled from several other schools for bad behavior.[6]
Military service
World War II
Marvin left school at 18 to enlist in the United States Marine Corps Reserve on August 12, 1942. He served with the 4th Marine Division in the Pacific Theater during World War II.[7] While serving as a member of "I" Company, 3rd Battalion, 24th Marines, 4th Marine Division, he was wounded in action on June 18, 1944, during the assault on Mount Tapochau in the Battle of Saipan, during which most of his company were casualties.[8] He was shot by machine gun fire, which severed his sciatic nerve,[9] and then was hit again in the foot by a sniper.[10] After over a year of medical treatment in Naval Hospitals, Marvin was given a medical discharge with the rank of private first class (he had been a corporal years earlier)[10] in 1945 at Philadelphia.[11]
Contrary to rumors, Marvin did not serve on Iwo Jima, receive a Navy Cross, or serve with actor, producer, and former Marine Bob Keeshan (later best known as Captain Kangaroo) during World War II.[11]
Marvin's military awards include: the Purple Heart Medal, the Presidential Unit Citation, the American Campaign Medal, the Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal, and the World War II Victory Medal.
Acting career
After the war, while working as a plumber's assistant at a local community theatre in Upstate New York, Marvin was asked to replace an actor who had fallen ill during rehearsals. He then began an amateur off-Broadway acting career in New York City and eventually made it to Broadway with a small role in the original production of Billy Budd.[12]
In 1950, Marvin moved to Hollywood. He found work in supporting roles, and from the beginning was cast in various war films. As a decorated combat veteran, Marvin was a natural in war dramas, where he frequently assisted the director and other actors in realistically portraying infantry movement, arranging costumes, and the use of firearms. His debut was in You're in the Navy Now (1951), and in 1952 he appeared in several films, including Don Siegel's Duel at Silver Creek, Hangman's Knot, and the war drama Eight Iron Men. He played Gloria Grahame's vicious boyfriend in Fritz Lang's The Big Heat (1953). Marvin had a small but memorable role in The Wild One (1953) opposite Marlon Brando (Marvin's gang in the film was called "The Beetles"), followed by Seminole (1953) and Gun Fury (1953). He also had a notable small role as smart-aleck sailor Meatball in The Caine Mutiny. He had a substantially more important part as Hector, the small-town hood in Bad Day at Black Rock (1955) with Spencer Tracy.[13] Also in 1955, he played a conflicted, brutal bank-robber in Violent Saturday. A latter-day critic wrote of the character, "Marvin brings a multi-faceted complexity to the role and gives a great example of the early promise that launched his long and successful career."[14]
During the mid-1950s, Marvin gradually began playing more important roles. He starred in Attack, (1956) and had a supporting role in the Western Seven Men from Now (1956). He also starred in The Missouri Traveler (1958) but it took over 100 episodes as Chicago cop Frank Ballinger in the successful 1957–1960 television series M Squad to actually give him name recognition.[15] One critic described the show as "a hyped-up, violent Dragnet... with a hard-as-nails Marvin" playing a tough police lieutenant. Marvin received the role after guest-starring in a memorable Dragnet episode as a serial killer.[16]
In the 1960s, Marvin was given prominent supporting roles in such films as The Comancheros (1961), John Ford's The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance (1962), and Donovan's Reef (1963), all starring John Wayne, with Marvin's roles getting larger with each film. As the vicious Liberty Valance, Marvin played his first title role and held his own with two of the screen's biggest stars (Wayne and James Stewart).[17]
For director Don Siegel, Marvin appeared in The Killers (1964) playing an efficient professional assassin alongside Clu Gulager. The Killers was also the first film in which Marvin received top billing.[18]
Television series guest appearances he has been in include Wagon Train, The Twilight Zone both a couple of episodes, Bonanza and a couple of Bob Hope Television Specials.
Playing alongside Vivien Leigh and Simone Signoret, Marvin won the 1966 National Board of Review Award for male actors for his role in Ship of Fools (1965).[19][N 1] Marvin won the 1965 Academy Award for Best Actor for his comic role in the offbeat Western Cat Ballou starring Jane Fonda. He also won the 1965 Silver Bear for Best Actor at the 15th Berlin International Film Festival.[23]
Marvin next performed in the hit Western The Professionals (1966), in which he played the leader of a small band of skilled mercenaries (Burt Lancaster, Robert Ryan, and Woody Strode) rescuing a kidnap victim (Claudia Cardinale) shortly after the Mexican Revolution. He followed that film with the hugely successful World War II epic The Dirty Dozen (1967) in which top-billed Marvin again portrayed an intrepid commander of a colorful group (future stars John Cassavetes, Charles Bronson, Telly Savalas, Jim Brown, and Donald Sutherland) performing an almost impossible mission. In the wake of these two films and after having received an Oscar, Marvin was a huge star, given enormous control over his next film Point Blank.
In Point Blank, an influential film for director John Boorman, he portrayed a hard-nosed criminal bent on revenge. Marvin, who had selected Boorman himself for the director's slot, had a central role in the film's development, plot line, and staging. In 1968, Marvin also appeared in another Boorman film, the critically acclaimed but commercially unsuccessful World War II character study Hell in the Pacific, also starring famed Japanese actor Toshiro Mifune. Marvin was originally cast as Pike Bishop (later played by William Holden) in The Wild Bunch (1969), but fell out with director Sam Peckinpah and pulled out in order to star in the Western musical Paint Your Wagon (1969), in which he was top-billed over a singing Clint Eastwood. Despite his limited singing ability, he had a hit song with "Wand'rin' Star". By this time he was getting paid a million dollars per film, $200,000 less than top star Paul Newman was making at the time; yet he was ambivalent about the film business, even with its financial rewards:[4]
- "You spend the first forty years of your life trying to get in this business, and the next forty years trying to get out. And then when you're making the bread, who needs it?"
Marvin had a much greater variety of roles in the 1970s and 1980s, with fewer 'bad-guy' roles than in earlier years. His 1970s films included Monte Walsh (1970) with Jeanne Moreau, the violent Prime Cut (1972) with Gene Hackman, Pocket Money (1972) with Paul Newman, Emperor of the North Pole (1973) opposite Ernest Borgnine, as Hickey in The Iceman Cometh (1973) with Fredric March and Robert Ryan, The Spikes Gang (1974) with Noah Beery, Jr., The Klansman (1974) with Richard Burton, Shout at the Devil (1976) with Roger Moore, The Great Scout and Cathouse Thursday (1976) with Oliver Reed, and Avalanche Express (1978) with Robert Shaw. Marvin was offered the role of Quint in Jaws (1975) but declined, stating "What would I tell my fishing friends who'd see me come off a hero against a dummy shark?".[24]
Marvin's last big role was in Samuel Fuller's The Big Red One (1980), a war film based on Fuller's own war experiences. His remaining films were Death Hunt (1981) with Charles Bronson, Gorky Park (1983), Dog Day (1984), and The Dirty Dozen: Next Mission (1985; a sequel with Marvin, Ernest Borgnine, and Richard Jaeckel picking up where they'd left off despite being 18 years older); his final appearance was in The Delta Force (1986) with Chuck Norris.[25]
Personal life
During the 1970s, Marvin resided off and on in Woodstock, caring for his dying father,[26] and as a keen fisherman he used to make regular trips to Australia to engage in fishing for marlin at Cairns and Great White Shark at Port Fairy.[27] In 1975 Marvin and his second wife Pamela moved to Tucson, Arizona, where he lived until his death.
Marvin was a Democrat who opposed the Vietnam War. He publicly endorsed John F. Kennedy in the 1960 presidential election.[18]
Marriages and children
A father of four, Marvin was married twice. His first marriage to Betty Ebeling began in February 1951 and ended in divorce on January 5, 1967; during this time his hobbies included sport fishing off the Baja California coast and duck hunting along the Mexican border near Mexicali.[5] He and Ebeling had a son, Christopher (1952–2013),[28] and three daughters: Courtenay (b. 1954), Cynthia (b. 1956) and Claudia (1958-2012).[29][30]
Marvin was married to Pamela Feeley from October 18, 1970 until his death.[31]
Community property case
- See also Marvin v. Marvin
In 1971, Marvin was sued by Michelle Triola, his live-in girlfriend from 1965 to 1970, who legally changed her surname to "Marvin".[4] Although the couple never married, she sought financial compensation similar to that available to spouses under California's alimony and community property laws. Triola claimed Marvin made her pregnant three times and paid for two abortions, while one pregnancy ended in miscarriage.[32] She claimed the second abortion left her unable to bear children.[32] The result was the landmark "palimony" case, Marvin v. Marvin, 18 Cal. 3d 660 (1976).[33]
In 1979, Marvin was ordered to pay $104,000 to Triola for "rehabilitation purposes" but the court denied her community property claim for one-half of the $3.6 million which Marvin had earned during their six years of cohabitation – distinguishing non-marital relationship contracts from marriage, with community property rights only attaching to the latter by operation of law. Rights equivalent to community property only apply in non-marital relationship contracts when the parties expressly, whether orally or in writing, contract for such rights to operate between them. In August 1981, the California Court of Appeal found that no such contract existed between them and nullified the award she had received.[34][35] Michelle Triola died of lung cancer on October 30, 2009.[36]
This case was used as fodder for a mock debate skit on Saturday Night Live called "Point Counterpoint",[37] and on The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson as a skit with Carson as Adam, and Betty White as Eve.[38]
Death
In December 1986, Marvin was hospitalized for more than two weeks because of condition related to Valley Fever. He went into respiratory distress and was administered steroids to help his breathing. He had major intestinal ruptures as a result, and underwent a colonostomy. Marvin died of a heart attack on August 29, 1987.[39] He is interred at Arlington National Cemetery where his headstone reads "Lee Marvin, PFC, US Marine Corps, World War II".[40]
Selected filmography
Television appearances
Marvin's appearances on television included Suspense (1 episode, 1950), Rebound, M Squad, Climax!, Biff Baker, U.S.A., Dragnet, The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson, The Ford Show Starring Tennessee Ernie Ford, General Electric Theater, The Americans, The Investigators, The Barbara Stanwyck Show, Route 66, The Untouchables, Checkmate, The Dick Powell Show, Combat!, The Twilight Zone, Kraft Suspense Theatre, Dr. Kildare, Wagon Train, Bonanza, The Virginian and The Muppet Show.
See also
- The Sons of Lee Marvin, a tongue-in-cheek secret society dedicated to Marvin
- Welcome to Night Vale, which features Lee Marvin as an integral piece of its mythology and supporting cast.
References
Notes
- ↑ The film proved to be Leigh's last film and her anguished portrayal of a desperate older woman was punctuated by her real-life "battle with demons".[20] Leigh's performance was tinged by paranoia and resulted in outbursts that marred her relationship with other actors, although both Simone Signoret and Marvin were sympathetic and understanding.[21] In one unusual instance, she hit Marvin so hard with a spiked shoe, that it marked his face.[22]
Citations
- ↑ Obituary Variety, September 2, 1987.
- ↑ "Lee Marvin height: 6 ft 1.5 in (187 cm)." celebheights.com. Retrieved: January 22, 2016.
- 1 2 "Lee Marvin's ancestors." freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com. Retrieved: October 11, 2013.
- 1 2 3 Ebert, Roger. "An interview with Lee Marvin." Chicago Sun-Times for Esquire, October 1970.
- 1 2 "Elk Hunting with Lee Marvin." Gun World, May 1964; retrieved October 11, 2013.
- ↑ Zec 1980, pp. 20–25.
- ↑ Wise and Rehill 1999, p. 43.
- ↑ Zec 1980, p. 38.
- ↑ "The real thing: Marvin and Point Blank." The First Post, February 15, 2007; retrieved October 11, 2013.
- 1 2 "Hollywood Veterans in Arlington National Cemetery: Lee Marvin". Comet Over Hollywood.
- 1 2 "Captain Kangaroo Court", Snopes, May 24, 2009; retrieved August 13, 2015.
- ↑ Epstein 2013, p. 67.
- ↑ Epstein 2013, pp. 95–96.
- ↑ "Film Noir of the Week: Violent Saturday (1955)". www.noiroftheweek.com. Retrieved 2016-04-09.
- ↑ Epstein 2013, p. 112.
- ↑ Epstein 2013, p. 79.
- ↑ Epstein 2013, p. 124.
- 1 2 Epstein 2013, p. 135.
- ↑ "Awards: Ship of Fools (1965)." IMDb. Retrieved: October 11, 2013.
- ↑ Bean 2013, p. 155.
- ↑ David 1995, p. 46.
- ↑ Walker 1987, p. 281.
- ↑ "Berlinale 1965: Prize Winners". Internationale Filmfestspiele Berlin. Retrieved: October 11, 2013.
- ↑ Zec 1980, p. 217.
- ↑ Epstein 2013, p. 202.
- ↑ Flick, A.J. "Marvin in Love". Classic Movies, 1997. Retrieved: October 12, 2013.
- ↑ "Want to see a marlin?". The Cairns Post. March 7, 2008. Archived from the original on October 14, 2013. Retrieved March 9, 2016.
- ↑ "Obituary: Christopher Marvin The Santa Barbara Independent".
- ↑ Epstein 2013, p. 256.
- ↑ "Obituary: Claudia Leslie Marvin", All-States Cremation; retrieved: October 11, 2013.
- ↑ Marvin 1997, p. 12.
- 1 2 Woo, Elaine. "Michelle Triola Marvin dies at 75; her legal fight with ex-lover Lee Marvin added 'palimony' to the language", Los Angeles Times, October 31, 2009. Retrieved: October 11, 2013.
- ↑ "18 C3d 660: Marvin v. Marvin (1976)." online.ceb.com. Retrieved: October 11, 2013.
- ↑ Laskin, Jerry. "California 'Palimony' Law; An Overview." Goldman & Kagon Law Corporation. Retrieved: October 11, 2013.
- ↑ "Unmarried Cohabitant's Right to Support and Property." peoples-law.org. Retrieved: October 11, 2013.
- ↑ " 'Palimony' figure Michelle Triola Marvin dies", Associated Press, October 30, 2009.
- ↑ "Point Counterpoint: Lee Marvin & Michelle Triola". NBC, March 17, 1979. Retrieved: October 11, 2013.
- ↑ "The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson." on YouTube Carson Entertainment Group, February 9, 1979, retrieved October 11, 2013.
- ↑ Hevesi, Dennis. "Lee Marvin, Movie Tough Guy, Dies", The New York Times, August 31, 1987; retrieved October 11, 2013.
- ↑ "Lee Marvin." FindAGrave.com. Retrieved: October 11, 2013.
Bibliography
- Bean, Kendra. Vivien Leigh: An Intimate Portrait. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Running Press, 2013. ISBN 978-0-76245-099-2.
- David, Catherine. Simone Signoret. New York: Overlook Press, 1995. ISBN 978-0-87951-581-2.
- Epstein, Dwayne. Lee Marvin: Point Blank. Tucson, Arizona: Schaffner Press, Inc., 2013. ISBN 978-1-93618-240-4.
- Marvin, Pamela. Lee: A Romance. London: Faber & Faber Limited, 1997. ISBN 978-0-571-19028-7.
- Walker, Alexander. Vivien: The Life of Vivien Leigh. New York: Grove Press, 1987. ISBN 0-8021-3259-6.
- Wise, James E. and Anne Collier Rehill. Stars in the Corps: Movie Actors in the United States Marines. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 1999. ISBN 978-1-55750-949-9.
- Zec, Donald. Marvin: The Story of Lee Marvin. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1980. ISBN 0-312-51780-7.
External links
- Lee Marvin at the Internet Movie Database
- Lee Marvin at the Internet Broadway Database
- Profile of Marvin in Film Comment
- Lee Marvin at Find a Grave
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