Yul Brynner

Yul Brynner

Brynner in Sarajevo in November 1969
Born Yuliy Borisovich Briner
(1920-07-11)July 11, 1920
Vladivostok, Far Eastern Republic (present-day Vladivostok, Russia)
Died October 10, 1985(1985-10-10) (aged 65)
New York City, New York, U.S.
Cause of death Lung cancer
Resting place Saint-Michel-de-Bois-Aubry Russian Orthodox Monastery near Luzé, France
Occupation Actor
Years active 1941–1985
Religion Russian Orthodox
Spouse(s) Virginia Gilmore (m. 1944–60) (divorced)
Doris Kleiner (m. 1960–67) (divorced)
Jacqueline Thion de la Chaume (m. 1971–81) (divorced)
Kathy Lee (m. 1983–85) (his death)

Yul Brynner (born Yuly Borisovich Briner, Russian: Юлий Борисович Бринер; July 11, 1920 – October 10, 1985)[1] was a Russian-born, United States-based film and stage actor.[2]

Brynner was best known for his portrayals of Rameses II in the 1956 Cecil B. DeMille blockbuster The Ten Commandments, and of King Mongkut of Siam in the Rodgers and Hammerstein musical The King and I, for which he won two Tony Awards and an Academy Award for the film version. He played the role 4625 times on stage. He portrayed General Bounine in the 1956 film Anastasia and the gunman Chris Adams in The Magnificent Seven.

Brynner was noted for his distinctive voice and for his shaved head, which he maintained as a personal trademark long after adopting it in 1951 for his role in The King and I. Earlier, he was a model and television director, and later a photographer and the author of two books.

Early life

Statue of Brynner in front of his birthplace in Vladivostok, Russia

Yul Brynner was born Yuliy Borisovich Briner in 1920.[3][4] He exaggerated his background and early life for the press, claiming that he was born "Taidje Khan" of part-Mongol parentage, on the Russian island of Sakhalin.[5] In reality, he was born at home in a four-story residence at 15 Aleutskaya Street, Vladivostok, in the Far Eastern Republic (present-day Primorsky Krai, Russia).[6] He occasionally referred to himself as Julius Briner,[1] Jules Bryner or Youl Bryner.[3] The 1989 biography by his son, Rock Brynner, clarified some of these issues.[5]

His father, Boris Yuliyevich Briner, was a mining engineer and inventor of Swiss-German and Russian descent, whose father, Jules Briner, was a Swiss citizen who moved to Vladivostok in the 1870s and established a successful import/export company.[7] Brynner's paternal grandmother, Natalya Yosifovna Kurkutova, was a native of Irkutsk and a Eurasian of part Buryat ancestry.

Brynner's mother, Marousia Dimitrievna (née Blagovidova), came from the Russian intelligentsia and studied to be an actress and singer. Brynner felt a strong personal connection to the Romani people; in 1977, Yul Brynner was named honorary president of the International Romani Union, an office that he kept until his death.[8][9]

Boris Briner's work required extensive travel, and in 1923, he fell in love with an actress, Katya Kornukova, at the Moscow Art Theatre, and soon after abandoned his family. Yul's mother took his sister, Vera (January 17, 1916 – December 13, 1967), and him to Harbin, China, where they attended a school run by the YMCA. In 1932, fearing a war between China and Japan, she took them to Paris.[7] Brynner played his guitar in Russian nightclubs in Paris, sometimes accompanying his sister, playing Russian and Roma songs. He trained as a trapeze acrobat and worked in a French circus troupe for five[10] years, but after sustaining a back injury, he turned to acting.[7][11] In 1938, his mother was diagnosed with leukemia, and they briefly moved back to Harbin.[7]

In 1940, speaking little English, his mother and he emigrated to the United States aboard the President Cleveland, arriving in New York City on October 25, 1940, where his sister already lived.[3][7] Vera, a singer, starred in The Consul on Broadway in 1950[12] and appeared at The Metropolitan Opera as Prince Orlofsky in Die Fledermaus and on television in the title role of Carmen. She later taught voice in New York.[13]

Career

During World War II, Brynner worked as a French-speaking radio announcer and commentator for the US Office of War Information, broadcasting propaganda to occupied France.[14] At the same time, he studied acting in Connecticut with the Russian teacher Michael Chekhov. Brynner’s first Broadway performance was a small part in Shakespeare's Twelfth Night in December 1941. Brynner found little acting work during the next few years,[7] but among other acting stints, he co-starred in a 1946 production of Lute Song with Mary Martin. He also did some modeling work and was photographed nude by George Platt Lynes.[15]

Brynner's first marriage was to actress Virginia Gilmore in 1944, and soon after he began working as a director at the new CBS television studios, directing Studio One, among other shows. In 1949, he made his film debut in Port of New York. The next year, at the urging of Martin, he auditioned for Rodgers and Hammerstein's new musical in New York. He recalled that, as he was finding success as a director on television, he was reluctant to go back on the stage. Once he read the script, however, he was fascinated by the character of the King and was eager to perform in the project.[16]

woman kneeling in front of a standing man; the two are conversing and each is gesturing with one hand as if ringing a small bell
Brynner with Gertrude Lawrence in the original production of The King and I (1951)

His most famous role was that of King Mongkut in The King and I (4625 times on stage). He appeared in the original 1951 production and later touring productions, as well as a 1977 Broadway revival, a London production in 1979, and another Broadway revival in 1985. He won Tony Awards for both the first and the last of these Broadway productions. He also appeared in the 1956 film version, for which he won an Academy Award as Best Actor and in Anna and the King, a short-lived TV version on CBS in 1972. Brynner is one of only eight people who have won both a Tony and an Academy Award for the same role.[17] His connection to the story and the role of King Mongkut is so deep, he was mentioned in the song "One Night in Bangkok" from the 1984 musical Chess, the second act of which is set in Bangkok.

In 1951, Brynner shaved his head for his role in The King and I.[18][19] Following the huge success of the Broadway production and subsequent film, Brynner continued to shave his head for the rest of his life, though he wore a wig for certain roles. Brynner's shaven head was unusual at the time, and his striking appearance helped to give him an exotic appeal.[20] Some fans shaved off their hair to imitate him,[21] and a shaven head was often referred to as the "Yul Brynner look".[22][23][24] Brynner reprised his "Shall We Dance?" segment with Patricia Morison on the TV special General Foods 25th Anniversary Show: A Salute to Rodgers and Hammerstein, broadcast March 28, 1954 on all four American TV networks of the time.

Brynner launched his mainstream film career in 1956 and quickly became a star after appearing as Rameses II in The Ten Commandments. The movie has become one of the top-grossing movies of all time. That year, he also starred in the film version of The King and I and Anastasia with Ingrid Bergman. He appeared in more than 40 other films over the next two decades,[7] including the epic Solomon and Sheba (1959), The Magnificent Seven (1960), Taras Bulba (1962), and Kings of the Sun (1963). He co-starred with Marlon Brando in Morituri (1965), Katharine Hepburn in The Madwoman of Chaillot (1969), and Lee J. Cobb in a film version of The Brothers Karamazov (1958). He played the titular role of The Ultimate Warrior (1975) and starred with Barbara Bouchet in Death Rage (1976). Among his final feature film appearances were Westworld (1973) and its sequel Futureworld (1976). Brynner appeared in drag (as a torch singer) in an unbilled role in the Peter Sellers comedy The Magic Christian (1969).[25]

Photographer, author, and musician

In addition to his work as a director and performer, Brynner was an active photographer and wrote two books. His daughter Victoria put together Yul Brynner: Photographer (ISBN 0-8109-3144-3), a collection of his photographs of family, friends, and fellow actors, as well as those he took while serving as a UN special consultant on refugees. Brynner wrote Bring Forth the Children: A Journey to the Forgotten People of Europe and the Middle East (1960), with photographs by himself and Magnum photographer Inge Morath, and The Yul Brynner Cookbook: Food Fit for the King and You (1983 ISBN 0-8128-2882-8).

He was also an accomplished guitarist. In his early period in Europe, he often played and sang gypsy songs in Parisian nightclubs with Aliosha Dimitrievitch. He sang some of those same songs in the film The Brothers Karamazov. In 1967, Dimitrievitch and he released a record album The Gypsy and I: Yul Brynner Sings Gypsy Songs (Vanguard VSD 79265).

Personal life

Brynner married four times. The first three marriages ended in divorce. He fathered three children and adopted two. His first wife, actress Virginia Gilmore (1944–1960), and he had one child, Rock Yul Brynner (born December 23, 1946). His father nicknamed him "Rock" when he was six years old in honor of boxer Rocky Graziano. Rock is a historian, novelist, and university history lecturer at Marist College in Poughkeepsie, New York and Western Connecticut State University in Danbury, Connecticut.

In 2006, Rock wrote a book about his father and his family history titled Empire and Odyssey: The Brynners in Far East Russia and Beyond. He regularly returns to Vladivostok, the city of his father's birth, for the "Pacific Meridian" Film Festival. Yul Brynner had a long affair with Marlene Dietrich, who was 19 years his senior, beginning during the first production of The King and I.[26]

In 1959, Brynner fathered a daughter, Lark Brynner, with Frankie Tilden, who was 20 years old. Lark lived with her mother and Brynner supported her financially. His second wife, from 1960 to 1967, Doris Kleiner, was a Chilean model whom he married on the set during shooting of The Magnificent Seven in 1960. They had one child, Victoria Brynner (born November 1962), whose godmother was Audrey Hepburn.[27] Belgian novelist and artist Monique Watteau was also romantically linked with Brynner, from 1961–67.[28]

His third wife, Jacqueline Thion de la Chaume (1971–1981), a French socialite, was the widow of Philippe de Croisset (son of French playwright Francis de Croisset and a publishing executive). Brynner and Jacqueline adopted two Vietnamese children: Mia (1974) and Melody (1975). The first house Brynner owned was the Manoir de Criqueboeuf, a 16th-century manor house that Jacqueline and he purchased.[29] His 1980 announcement that he would continue in the role of the King for another long tour and Broadway run, together with his affairs with female fans and his neglect of his wife and children, purportedly broke up this marriage.[30]

On April 4, 1983, aged 62, Brynner married his fourth and last wife, Kathy Lee (born 1957), a 24-year-old ballerina from Ipoh, Malaysia, whom he had met in a production of The King and I . They remained married for the last two years (1983–85) of his life.[31]

Citizenship

Brynner, a Swiss citizen, was naturalized as a US citizen, but in June 1965, he renounced his citizenship at the US Embassy in Berne, Switzerland, for tax reasons. He had lost his tax exemption as an American resident abroad by working too long in the United States and would have been bankrupted by his tax and penalty debts.[29]

Illness and death

Brynner began smoking heavily at age 12, and although his promotional photos often showed him with a cigarette in hand, he quit the habit in 1971. In September 1983, he found a lump on his vocal cords. In Los Angeles, only hours before his 4,000th performance in The King and I, he received the test results. His throat was fine, but he had inoperable lung cancer. He and the national tour of the musical were forced to take a few months off while he underwent radiation therapy, which hurt his throat and made it impossible for him to sing or speak easily.[7] The tour then resumed.[32][33]

In January 1985, nine months before his death, the tour reached New York for a farewell Broadway run. Aware he was dying, he gave an interview on Good Morning America discussing the dangers of smoking and expressing his desire to make an antismoking commercial. The Broadway production of The King and I ran from January 7 to June 30 of that year, with Mary Beth Peil as Anna. His last performance marked the 4625th time he had played the role of the King. Meanwhile, the American Cancer Society and he created a public service announcement using a clip from the Good Morning America interview.

Brynner died of lung cancer on October 10, 1985, in New York City.[34][35] A few days after his death, the recorded anticigarette public service announcement was shown on all the major US television networks, and also in many other countries. In it, he expressed his desire to make an antismoking commercial after discovering how sick he was, and that his death was imminent. He then looked directly into the camera for 30 seconds and said, "Now that I'm gone, I tell you: Don’t smoke. Whatever you do, just don’t smoke. If I could take back that smoking, we wouldn't be talking about any cancer. I'm convinced of that."

His body was buried in the grounds of the Saint-Michel-de-Bois-Aubry Orthodox monastery, near Luzé, between Tours and Poitiers in France.

Awards

Honors

On September 28, 2012, a 2.4-m-tall statue was inaugurated at Yul Brynner Park, in front of the home where he was born at Aleutskaya St. No. 15 in Vladivostok, Russia. Created by local sculptor Alexei Bokiy, the monument was carved in granite from China. The grounds for the park were donated by the city of Vladivostok, which also paid additional costs. Vladivostok Mayor Igor Pushkariov, US Consul General Sylvia Curran, and Yul's son, Rock Brynner, participated in the ceremony, along with hundreds of local residents.[37]

Other

Filmography

Year Film Role Notes
1949 Port of New York Paul Vicola
1956 The King and I King Mongkut of Siam Academy Award for Best Actor
National Board of Review Award for Best Actor (also for Anastasia and The Ten Commandments)
Nominated — Golden Globe Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture Musical or Comedy
Nominated — New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actor
Anastasia General Sergei Pavlovich Bounine National Board of Review Award for Best Actor (also for The King and I and The Ten Commandments)
The Ten Commandments Ramesses National Board of Review Award for Best Actor (also for The King and I and Anastasia)
1958 The Brothers Karamazov Dmitri Karamazov
The Buccaneer Jean Lafitte
1959 The Journey Major Surov
The Sound and the Fury Jason Compson
Solomon and Sheba Solomon
1960 Once More, with Feeling! Victor Fabian
Surprise Package Nico March
The Magnificent Seven Chris Larabee Adams Nominated — Laurel Award for Top Action Performance
1961 Goodbye Again cameo
1962 Escape from Zahrain Sharif
Taras Bulba Taras Bulba
1963 Kings of the Sun Chief Black Eagle
1964 Flight from Ashiya Sgt. Mike Takashima
Invitation to a Gunfighter Jules Gaspard d'Estaing
1965 Morituri Captain Mueller
1966 Cast a Giant Shadow Asher Gonen
The Poppy Is Also a Flower Colonel Salem (also titled Danger Grows Wild)
Return of the Seven Chris
Triple Cross Baron Von Grunen
1967 The Double Man Dan Slater / Kalmer
The Long Duel Sultan
1968 Villa Rides Pancho Villa
1969 The File of the Golden Goose Peter Novak
Battle of Neretva Vlado
The Madwoman of Chaillot The Chairman
1970 Adiós, Sabata Sabata / Indio Black
1971 The Light at the Edge of the World Jonathan Kongre
Romance of a Horsethief Captain Stoloff
Catlow Catlow
1972 Fuzz The Deaf Man
1972 Anna and the King King Mongkut of Siam TV series, 13 episodes
1973 Night Flight from Moscow Col. Alexei Vlassov
Westworld The Gunslinger
1975 The Ultimate Warrior Carson
1976 Futureworld The Gunslinger
Death Rage Peter Marciani

Short subjects

Box Office Ranking

At the height of his career Yul Brynner was voted by exhibitors as among the most popular stars at the box office:

Select stage work

References

  1. 1 2 Record of Yul Brynner, #108-18-2984. Social Security Administration. Born in 1920 according to the Social Security Death Index (although some sources indicate the year was 1915) Provo, Utah: MyFamily.com, Inc., 2006.
    In his biography of his father, Rock Yul Brynner, he asserts that he was born in the later year (1920).
  2. ↑ Obituary Variety, October 16, 1985.
  3. 1 2 3 United States Declaration of Intent (Document No. 541593), Record Group 21: Records of District Courts of the United States, 1685–2004, filed June 4, 1943
  4. ↑ Some sources cite July 7, 1915 as his date of birth, though Brynner himself always gave the 1920 date in immigration and naturalization documents.
  5. 1 2 Brynner, Rock. Yul: The Man Who Would Be King Berkeley Books: 1991; ISBN 0-425-12547-5
  6. ↑ Briner Residence Archived August 22, 2009, at the Wayback Machine.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Rochman, Sue. "A King's Legacy", Cancer Today magazine, Winter 2011 (December 5, 2011); accessed January 20, 2013
  8. ↑ "Gypsies Appeal to U.N. for Aid And Protection of Civil Rights". The New York Times. June 4, 1978. Retrieved September 19, 2008.
  9. ↑ "Yul Brynner biography". filmreference.com. Retrieved 2009-10-13.
  10. ↑ Yul Brynner Interview with Bill Boggs - YouTube
  11. ↑ Seiler, Michael. "Yul Brynner Dies at 65; 30 Years in King and I", Los Angeles Times, October 10, 1985, accessed January 5, 2013.
  12. ↑ Vera Brynner, at the Internet Broadway Database, accessed January 20, 2013
  13. ↑ "EBONY 10/1966"
  14. ↑ Brynner, Rock. Yul: The Man Who Would Be King (p. 30) Berkeley Books: 1991. ISBN 0-425-12547-5
  15. ↑ Leddick, David. George Platt Lynes. New York: Taschen, 2000.
  16. ↑ Capua, pp. 26, 28
  17. ↑ tonyawards.com
  18. ↑ "Yul Brynner, 65, dies of cancer in N.Y. hospital". The Baltimore Sun. 10 October 1985.
  19. ↑ "'Lost' actor stars in West End's 'King'". UPI.com.
  20. ↑ Brynner, Rock (2006). Empire & odyssey: the Brynners in Far East Russia and beyond. Steerforth Press.
  21. ↑ Crouse, Richard (2005). Reel Winners: Movie Award Trivia.
  22. ↑ Doyle, Hubert (2008). Ventures with the World of Celebrities, Movies & TV.
  23. ↑ Douty, Linda (2011). How Did I Get to Be 70 When I'm 35 Inside?: Spiritual Surprises of Later Life.
  24. ↑ Yacowar, Maurice (1999). The Bold Testament.
  25. ↑ Krafsur, Richard P., ed. American Film Institute Catalog, Feature Films 1961–1970 (p. 662), R.R. Bowker Company, 1976; ISBN 0-8352-0453-7
  26. ↑ Capua, chapter 5; "Noël Coward: 'Get on with living and enjoy it!'", The Telegraph, November 11, 2007, accessed May 20, 2014
  27. ↑ Yul Brynner profile at elsur.cl Archived September 30, 2007, at the Wayback Machine.
  28. ↑ Matthys, Francis (15 August 2002), "Alika Lindbergh, construite pour l'amour fou", La Libre Belgique, retrieved 14 March 2015
  29. 1 2 Capua, Michelangelo (2006). Yul Brynner, A Biography. McFarland. ISBN 0-7864-2461-3.
  30. ↑ Capua, p 151.
  31. ↑ tv.com. "Yul Brynner biography".
  32. ↑ Capua, pp. 151–57
  33. ↑ Rosenfeld, Megan."Classic King and I". The Washington Post, December 6, 1984, p. B13. Retrieved December 28, 2012. (subscription required)
  34. ↑ "A King's Legacy", Cancer Today magazine, Winter 2011
  35. ↑ Anti-smoking PSA on YouTube
  36. ↑ IBDb profile
  37. ↑ "Rock Brynner in the Russian Far East". www.rockbrynner.com. Retrieved 7 April 2016.
  38. ↑ "Dick Lee interview on Outsight Radio Hours". Archive.org. October 20, 2013. Retrieved November 10, 2013.
  39. ↑ Stan Lee: ConversationsLee, Stan, McLaughlin, Jeff (2007). Stan Lee: Conversations. University Press of Mississippi. p. 170. ISBN 978-1-57806-984-2.
  40. ↑ O'Neill, Patrick Daniel; Lee, Stan. "X Marks the Spot". Wizard: X-Men Turn Thirty. pp. 8–9.

Further reading

  • Capua, Michelangelo (2006). Yul Brynner: A Biography. McFarland. ISBN 0-7864-2461-3. 

External links

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