Liberal Democrat frontbench team

Frontbench Teams since 1997
Ashdown Team (1997–1999)
Kennedy Team (1999–2006)
Campbell Team (2006–2007)
Cable Team (2007)
Clegg Team (2007–2010)
Farron Team (2015-present)

The Liberal Democrats are a political party in the United Kingdom. While in opposition, the Leader of the Liberal Democrats appoints a frontbench team of Members of Parliament (MPs), Peers, Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs) and Members of the National Assembly for Wales (AMs), to speak for the party on different issues. Their areas of responsibility broadly corresponded to those of Government ministers. The shadow ministerial team is divided into departmental sub-units, the principle ones being the economy, foreign policy and home affairs. Sometimes the frontbench team consists of more than just the principle positions.

Status

Formerly, the Liberal Democrats frontbench team did not use the term 'Shadow Cabinet', with a number of front bench spokespeople covering areas (e.g., Defence and Foreign Affairs) rather than directly shadowing specific Cabinet portfolios. Under Charles Kennedy's leadership, and with the increase in numbers of Liberal Democrat MPs, the senior members of the front bench team referred to themselves as a Shadow Cabinet.

This was controversial, because in the two-party political system that dominated UK politics in the 20th century, the term 'Shadow Cabinet' referred to senior members of the frontbench team of the largest opposition party in the House of Commons. This party, known as the Official Opposition, has constitutional status, although its Shadow Cabinet does not. Following Charles Kennedy's decision to change the nomenclature, the UK Parliament's website now uses the term 'Liberal Democrat Shadow Cabinet' and does not use the old term 'Frontbench Team'.^[1]^[2]

This is not without contention, and was disputed by the Conservative Party, who were then the Official Opposition. However, the official listing at the Parliament website is very explicit to use the term 'Shadow Cabinet'.^[3] Gordon Brown made a notable remark that in the House of Commons in 2001:

The House of Commons is in the unique position of having two shadow Chancellors: one sits in Folkestone and the other in Truro. It is rather like the mediaeval papacy: two hon. Members claim to hold the position of shadow Chancellor. I shall organise a play-off during the year.^[4]

This is a theme to which then Chancellor of the Exchequer Gordon Brown returned, comparing and contrasting his frosty relationship with the official Shadow Chancellor George Osborne with his apparently warm relationship with Vince Cable (whom he has referred to as "the Shadow Chancellor from Twickenham").^[5]

The Official Opposition receives support for its official function which is denied to smaller opposition parties, although they, along with every parliamentary party, do receive Short Money. Salaries are paid to the Opposition Leader and the Chief Whips but not to smaller opposition parties. Moreover, the Official Opposition has the exclusive use of facilities within Parliament.

Following the 2010 general election and the confirmation of Conservative David Cameron as Prime Minister on 11 May 2010, a coalition cabinet was formed that included Liberal Democrat ministers. The team was updated again during a September 2012 reshuffle.

Following the 2015 general election the Liberal Democrats were reduced to just 8 seats in the House of Commons, falling into fourth place behind the Scottish National Party for the first time. As a result of this, the UK Parliament website no longer lists the Liberal Democrat frontbench team at all and now lists the SNP frontbench team instead.

Current Liberal Democrat frontbench team

	Member of the House of Commons		Member of the House of Lords
	Member of the Scottish Parliament		Member of the Welsh Assembly
	Member of local government		Privy Counsellor

Attending Frontbench meetings

Tim Farron revealed his frontbench team on 29 July 2015.^[6] The shadow ministers are as follows:

Portfolio	Name
Leader of the Liberal Democrats		Tim Farron MP for Westmorland and Lonsdale
Leader of the Liberal Democrats in the House of Lords		Jim Wallace Baron Wallace of Tankerness Queen's Counsellor Privy Councellor
Liberal Democrat Spokesperson for Economics		Susan Kramer Baroness Kramer Privy Councellor
Liberal Democrat Spokesperson for Foreign Affairs Chief Whip of the Liberal Democrats Liberal Democrat Shadow Leader of the House of Commons		Tom Brake MP for Carshalton and Wallington Privy Councellor
Liberal Democrat Spokesperson for Defence		Judith Jolly Baroness Jolly
Liberal Democrat Spokesperson for Home Affairs		Alistair Carmichael MP for Orkney and Shetland Privy Councellor
Liberal Democrat Spokesperson for Health		Norman Lamb MP for Norfolk North Privy Councellor
Liberal Democrat Spokesperson for Education		John Pugh MP for Southport
Liberal Democrat Spokesperson for Work and Pensions		Zahida Manzoor Baroness Manzoor Commander of the Order of the British Empire
Liberal Democrat Spokesperson for Business, Innovation and Skills		Lorely Burt Baroness Burt of Solihull
Liberal Democrat Spokesperson for Energy and Climate Change		Lynne Featherstone Baroness Featherstone Privy Councellor
Liberal Democrat Spokesperson for Communities and Local Government		Dorothy Thornhill Baroness Thornhill Member of the Order of the British Empire
Liberal Democrat Spokesperson for Transport		Jenny Randerson Baroness Randerson Privy Councellor
Liberal Democrat Spokesperson for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Deputy Leader in the House of Lords		Kate Parminter Baroness Parminter
Liberal Democrat Spokesperson for International Development		Lindsay Northover Baroness Northover Privy Councellor
Liberal Democrat Spokesperson for Culture, Media and Sport		Jane Bonham-Carter Baroness Bonham-Carter of Yarnbury
Liberal Democrat Spokesperson for Women and Equalities		Meral Hussein-Ece Baroness Hussein-Ece Officer of the Order of the British Empire
Liberal Democrat Spokesperson for Justice Liberal Democrat Shadow Attorney General		Jonathan Marks Baron Marks of Henley-on-Thames Queen's Counsellor
Liberal Democrat Spokesperson for Northern Ireland		John Alderdice Baron Alderdice
Leader of the Scottish Liberal Democrats Liberal Democrat Spokesperson for Scotland		Willie Rennie MSP for Mid Scotland and Fife
Leader of the Welsh Liberal Democrats Liberal Democrat Spokesperson for Wales		Mark Williams MP for Ceredigion
Chairman of Campaigns and Communications		Greg Mulholland MP for Leeds North West
Chief Executive of the Association of Liberal Democrat Councillors Liberal Democrat Spokesperson for Grassroots Campaigns		Tim Pickstone Councillor for Holyrood, Bury

Not attending Frontbench meetings

Portfolio		Name
	President of the Liberal Democrats	Sal Brinton, Baroness Brinton
	Spokesperson for Constitutional and Political Reform	Paul Tyler, Baron Tyler
	Spokesperson for Mental Health	Claire Tyler, Baroness Tyler of Enfield
	Spokesperson for Europe	Sarah Ludford, Baroness Ludford
	Spokesperson for Special Educational Needs	Dominic Hubbard, 6th Baron Addington
	Spokesperson for Voluntary Sector and Social Enterprise	Elizabeth Barker, Baroness Barker
	Spokesperson for Creative Industries	Timothy Clement-Jones, Baron Clement-Jones
	Spokesperson for Welfare	Archy Kirkwood, Baron Kirkwood of Kirkhope
	Spokesperson for Sport, Tourism and Cultural Participation	Dee Doocey
	Spokesperson for Children	Kath Pinnock, Baroness Pinnock
	Spokesperson for Civil Service and Public Sector	Tim Razzall, Baron Razzall
	Spokesperson for Communities, Decentralisation and the Northern Powerhouse	John Shipley, Baron Shipley
	Spokesperson for Disability	Celia Thomas, Baroness Thomas of Winchester
	Liberal Democrat Shadow Attorney General for England and Wales	Martin Thomas, Baron Thomas of Gresford

Previous Frontbench Teams

Previous team key-members in summary:

Party	Date	Leader	Economy	Foreign affairs	Home affairs
Liberal	April 1966	Jo Grimond	Richard Wainwright	James Davidson
	January 1967	Jeremy Thorpe	Richard Wainwright	James Davidson
	June 1970	Jeremy Thorpe	John Pardoe	Russell Johnston
	1975	Jeremy Thorpe	John Pardoe	David Steel
	May 1976	Jo Grimond	John Pardoe	David Steel
	July 1976	David Steel	John Pardoe	Jeremy Thorpe
	1977	David Steel	John Pardoe	Jeremy Thorpe	Emlyn Hooson
	May 1979	David Steel	Richard Wainwright	Russell Johnston
	October 1981	David Steel	Richard Wainwright	Russell Johnston	Bill Pitt
	June 1983	David Steel	Richard Wainwright	Russell Johnston
	1985	David Steel	David Penhaligon	Alan Beith
	January 1987	David Steel		Alan Beith
	June 1987	David Steel	Alan Beith	Russell Johnston
Liberal Democrats	March 1988	David Steel and Robert Maclennan (co-leaders)	Alan Beith	Russell Johnston	Robert Maclennan
	July 1988	Paddy Ashdown	Alan Beith	Russell Johnston	Robert Maclennan
	July 1989	Paddy Ashdown	Alan Beith	David Steel	Robert Maclennan
	July 1994	Paddy Ashdown	Malcolm Bruce	Menzies Campbell	Alan Beith
	August 1999	Charles Kennedy	Matthew Taylor	Menzies Campbell	Simon Hughes
	June 2003	Charles Kennedy	Vince Cable	Menzies Campbell	Mark Oaten
	January 2006	Menzies Campbell (acting)	Vince Cable	Menzies Campbell	Mark Oaten
	January 2006	Menzies Campbell (acting)	Vince Cable	Menzies Campbell	Alistair Carmichael
	March 2006	Menzies Campbell	Vince Cable	Michael Moore	Nick Clegg
	October 2007	Vince Cable (acting)	Vince Cable	Michael Moore	Nick Clegg
	December 2007	Nick Clegg	Vince Cable	Ed Davey	Chris Huhne
	May 2010	Nick Clegg (Deputy Prime Minister)	David Laws (Chief Secretary to the Treasury)	Jeremy Browne (Minister of State for Foreign Affairs)	Tom McNally (Minister of State for Justice)
	May 2010	Nick Clegg (Deputy Prime Minister)	Danny Alexander (Chief Secretary to the Treasury)	Jeremy Browne (Minister of State for Foreign Affairs)	Tom McNally (Minister of State for Justice)
	September 2012	Nick Clegg (Deputy Prime Minister)	Danny Alexander (Chief Secretary to the Treasury)	Lynne Featherstone (Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for International Development)	Jeremy Browne (Minister of State for Home Affairs)
	October 2013	Nick Clegg (Deputy Prime Minister)	Danny Alexander (Chief Secretary to the Treasury)	Lynne Featherstone (Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for International Development)	Norman Baker (Minister of State for Home Affairs)
	November 2014	Nick Clegg (Deputy Prime Minister)	Danny Alexander (Chief Secretary to the Treasury)		Lynne Featherstone (Minister of State for Home Affairs)
	January 2015	Nick Clegg (Deputy Prime Minister)	Danny Alexander (Chief Secretary to the Treasury)	Tim Farron	Lynne Featherstone (Minister of State for Home Affairs)
	May 2015	Nick Clegg	Norman Lamb	Tim Farron	Tom McNally
	July 2015	Tim Farron	Susan Kramer	Tom Brake	Alistair Carmichael

References

↑ "Directory of MPs, Peers, Offices and Overseas Delegations". House of Commons Information Office. Archived from the original on 2 September 2006. Retrieved 4 September 2006.
↑ "Liberal Democrat Shadow Cabinet and Parliamentary Team". House of Commons Information Office. Archived from the original on 21 August 2006. Retrieved 4 September 2006.
↑ "UK Parliament". House of Commons Information Office – libdems. Archived from the original on 2 August 2008. Retrieved 25 September 2008.
↑ "House of Commons Hansard Debates for 27 Nov 2001 (pt 8)". The Stationery Office Ltd. 27 November 2001. Retrieved 4 September 2006.
↑ "House of Commons Hansard Debates for 16 Oct 2003 (pt 2)". 16 October 2003.
↑ http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-33700930

External links

Shadow Cabinets of the United Kingdom

Official Opposition	First Heath (1965–1970) Second Wilson (1970–1974) Second Heath (1974–1975) Thatcher (1975–1979) Callaghan (1979–1980) Foot (1980–1983) Kinnock (1983–1992) Smith (1992–1994) Beckett (1994) Blair (1994–1997) Major (1997) Hague (1997–2001) Duncan Smith (2001–2003) Howard (2003–2005) Cameron (2005–2010) First Harman (2010) Miliband (2010–2015) Second Harman (2015) Corbyn (2015–present)

Liberal Democrats	Ashdown (1997–1999) Kennedy (1999–2006) Campbell (2006–2007) Cable (2007) Clegg (2007–2010) Farron (2015-present)

Scottish National Party	Robertson (2015–present)

1965 to Present

Liberal Democrats

Leadership

Leaders	Steel (Liberal) Maclennan (SDP) Ashdown Kennedy Campbell Clegg Farron

Deputy Leaders	Johnston Beith Campbell Cable Hughes Bruce

Leaders in the Lords	Seear (Liberal) Diamond (SDP) Jenkins Rodgers Williams McNally Wallace

Presidents	Wrigglesworth Kennedy Maclennan Maddock Dholakia Hughes Scott Farron Brinton

Leadership elections

Leadership	1988 (Ashdown) 1999 (Kennedy) 2006 (Campbell) 2007 (Clegg) 2015 (Farron)

Deputy Leadership	2003 (Campbell) 2006 (Cable) 2010 (Hughes) 2014 (Bruce) Next

Structure

MPs and Frontbench	Current Members of Parliament Frontbench team Chief whip

Frontbench in opposition	Frontbench Team of Paddy Ashdown (1997–1999) Frontbench Team of Charles Kennedy (1999–2006) Frontbench Team of Menzies Campbell (2006–2007) Frontbench Team of Vince Cable (2007) Frontbench Team of Nick Clegg (2007–2010) Frontbench Team of Tim Farron (2015–)

State parties	English Liberal Democrats Scottish Liberal Democrats Welsh Liberal Democrats

Regional parties	London Liberal Democrats Northern Ireland Liberal Democrats

Committees	Federal Executive Federal Policy Committee Federal Conference Committee

SAOs	LGBT+ Liberal Democrats Liberal Youth (Liberal Youth England, Liberal Youth Scotland, IR Cymru (Liberal Youth Wales)) Women Liberal Democrats Association of Liberal Democrat Councillors Ethnic Minority Liberal Democrats Association of Liberal Democrat Engineers and Scientists Liberal Democrats Parliamentary Candidates Association

Related organisations

Alliance Party of Northern Ireland Beveridge Group Cambridge University (Presidents/Chairs) Christian Forum Friends of Israel Friends of Turkey History Group Liberal International British Group Oxford University (Presidents) Social Liberal Forum

History and related topics

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