Lincoln Memorial Reflecting Pool

The Lincoln Memorial Reflecting Pool is the largest of the many reflecting pools in Washington, D.C., United States. It is a long and large rectangular pool located on the National Mall, directly east of the Lincoln Memorial, with the Washington Monument to the east of the reflecting pool.^[1] Part of the iconic image of Washington, the reflecting pool hosts many of the 24 million visitors a year who visit the National Mall.^[2] It is lined by walking paths and shade trees on both sides. Depending on the viewer's vantage point, it dramatically reflects the Washington Monument, the Lincoln Memorial, the Mall's trees, and/or the expansive sky.

Description

The Lincoln Memorial Reflecting Pool was designed by Henry Bacon, and was constructed in 1922 and 1923, following the dedication of the Lincoln Memorial. It is approximately 2,029 feet (618 m) long (over a third of a mile) and 167 feet (51 m) wide. It has a depth of approximately 18 inches (46 cm) on the sides and 30 inches (76 cm) in the center. It holds approximately 6,750,000 U.S. gallons (25,500,000 L) of water.^[3]

Restoration

Using funding from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, the National Park Service reconstructed the Lincoln Memorial Reflecting Pool. The pool's water supply system was updated to eliminate stagnant water by circulating water from the Tidal Basin; the pool was formerly filled using potable water from the city. Paved walking paths were added to the north and south sides of the pool to replace worn grass and to prevent further erosion.^[4] Construction on the 18-month, $30.7 million project began in November 2010. In May 2011, workers began sinking the first of 2,113 wood pilings into a 40-foot deep layer of soft, marshy river clay and some dredged material atop bedrock to support a new pool.^[5] The pool reopened on August 31, 2012. The project was managed by the Louis Berger Group.^[6]

Events

Located at the base of the Lincoln Memorial's steps, the Reflecting Pool area has been the site of many historic events, including:

In 1939, singer Marian Anderson was denied permission to perform at Constitution Hall in Washington, because she was African American. An open-air concert was held on Easter Sunday, with a crowd of over 75,000 people.
On August 28, 1963, the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom used the area for its Civil Rights rally. It was there that Martin Luther King Jr. gave his "I Have a Dream" speech, delivered to a crowd of 250,000 people.
In 2009, We Are One: The Obama Inaugural Celebration at the Lincoln Memorial was held, with a crowd of 400,000 people.
In 2010, the restoration project began.
On August 28, 2010, the Restoring Honor rally was held. Notable speakers included Alveda King, the niece of Martin Luther King Jr., former Vice Presidential candidate Gov. Sarah Palin and the event's organizer Glenn Beck.
As of 2012, the restoration project was completed and the pool was reopened on August 31.
On December 31, 2012, National Park Rangers, using their personal funds and time, lit over 2,000 candles around the reflecting pool in commemoration of the 150th anniversary of the Emancipation Proclamation where the Park Service rang in the New Year with a Night Watch and Freedom Vigil and the singing of "My Country, 'Tis of Thee."
On August 28, 2013, the 50th anniversary of the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom and Martin Luther King Jr.'s "I Have A Dream" speech was commemorated by an all day event featuring various speakers including President Barack Obama and John Lewis, the only speaker from the original rally to remain living.

Gallery

The Lincoln Memorial Reflecting Pool seen from the Lincoln Memorial
The Lincoln Memorial Reflecting Pool at sunset
Ice covering the Lincoln Memorial Reflecting Pool after the First North American blizzard of 2010.
The Lincoln Memorial Reflecting Pool undergoing reconstruction in 2011.

References

↑ "Foundation Statement for the National Mall and Pennsylvania Avenue National Historic Park" (PDF), National Park Service, retrieved 2010-05-20
↑ Goodman, Alana (2010-04-02), "Reflecting Pool to close for up to 2 years", The Washington Examiner, retrieved 2010-04-23
↑ "Deconstructing the Lincoln Memorial Reflecting Pool". Watercrunch. 2009-01-19. Archived from the original on 4 September 2013. Retrieved 2009-10-05.
↑ MacSpadden, Lisa; Staudigl, Stephen (2010-04-01), "NCPC Adopts CapitalSpace Plan and Approves Lincoln Memorial Reflecting Pool/Grounds Rehabilitation and St. Elizabeths West Campus Perimeter Security", National Capital Planning Commission, News Release, retrieved 2010-04-23
↑ Ruane, Michael E. (2011-05-11). "Deep-rooted support for new Lincoln pool". The Washington Post (Washington, D.C.: The Washington Post Co.). pp. B1, B5. Retrieved 2011-05-11.
↑ Henning, Tyler (April 2013). "Improved Filtration Revitalizes a National Treasure". Modern Pumping Today. Retrieved 16 May 2015.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lincoln Memorial Reflecting Pool.

Landmarks of Washington, D.C.

Memorials	Adams African American Civil War Air Force Boy Scout James Buchanan Signers of the Declaration of Independence D.C. War Albert Einstein Emancipation John Ericsson The Extra Mile First Division James A. Garfield Ulysses S. Grant Holocaust Museum Holodomor Genocide Memorial Jefferson Memorial John Paul Jones Korean War Veterans Law Enforcement Officers Lincoln Memorial Lyndon Baines Johnson Grove Japanese-American Patriotism in World War II Martin Luther King, Jr. George Mason George Meade Navy Navy - Merchant Marine Peace Monument Pentagon Second Division Robert A. Taft The Three Soldiers Franklin Delano Roosevelt Theodore Roosevelt Island Taras Shevchenko Oscar Straus Titanic Veterans Disabled for Life Victims of Communism Vietnam Veterans Vietnam Women's Washington Monument Daniel Webster World War II

Planned	Adams Memorial Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial General Francis Marion Memorial Gold Star Mothers Monument National Desert Storm and Desert Shield War Memorial National Liberty Memorial Peace Corps Monument World War I

Former	Rainbow Pool

Other	U.S. Capitol Capitol Reflecting Pool Constitution Gardens Healy Hall Immaculate Conception Basilica Islamic Center Jefferson Pier Kennedy Center Library of Congress Lincoln Memorial Reflecting Pool Lincoln's Cottage at Soldiers' Home National Archives National Cathedral Smithsonian Institution Supreme Court Building White House Zero Milestone

Public art in Washington, D.C. (Outdoor sculpture, American Revolution Statuary, Civil War Monuments, commemorating African-Americans)

Abraham Lincoln

16th President of the United States (1861–1865) U.S. Representative from Illinois (1847–1849)

Presidency	First inauguration Perpetual Union Lincoln Bible Second inauguration Civil War Confiscation Acts President Lincoln's 75,000 Volunteers War based income tax Seaports blockade RMS Trent Affair Habeas Corpus suspended Emancipation Proclamation West Virginia statehood Overland Campaign strategy Hampton Roads Conference Tour of Richmond Reconstruction 13th Amendment abolishing slavery Dakota War of 1862 Department of the Northwest Homestead Act of 1862 National Banking Acts Thanksgiving Day Birchard Letter Bixby letter National Academy of Sciences Department of Agriculture Pardons State of the Union Address, 1863 1864 Cabinet Judicial appointments Assassination Funeral and burial Lincoln catafalque

Speeches	Lyceum address (1838) Peoria speech (1854) "Lost Speech" (1856) House Divided speech (1858) Lincoln-Douglas debates (1858) Cooper Union Address (1860) Farewell Address (1861) First inaugural address (1861) Gettysburg Address (1863 event) Second inaugural address (1865)

Life and views	Early life and career Black Hawk War Matson Trial Spot Resolutions Boat lifting patent Hurd v. Rock Island Bridge Co. Baltimore Plot Lincoln's beard Medical and mental health Poetry Religious views Sexuality Slavery

Homes and places	Lincoln Birthplace Knob Creek Farm Lincoln Boyhood Memorial Lincoln State Park Lincoln's New Salem Lincoln Home Lincoln Pioneer Village Little Pigeon Creek Community Cottage at the Soldier's Home Lincoln Bedroom Lincoln Sitting Room Ford's Theatre Petersen House Lincoln Tomb

Elections	Republican National Convention, 1856 1860 1864 National Union Party United States presidential election, 1860 1864 1860 campaign song

Legacy	Presidential Library and Museum Papers Lincoln/Net Bibliography Lincoln Memorial Abraham Lincoln sculpture reflecting pool Mount Rushmore Lincoln's Birthday Lincoln, Nebraska statue Lincoln Highway Abraham Lincoln sculpture, Washington D.C. Abraham Lincoln: The Man statue Lincoln Park Abraham Lincoln: The Head of State statue Lincoln Trail State Memorial Lincoln the Lawyer statue Kentucky statue Other memorials Photographs Cultural depictions films postage stamps Lincoln penny currency art Lincoln Prize Abraham Lincoln Association White House ghost Great Moments with Mr. Lincoln Lincoln–Kennedy coincidences

Family	Family tree Mary Todd Lincoln (wife) Robert Todd Lincoln (son) Edward Baker Lincoln (son) William Wallace Lincoln (son) Thomas "Tad" Lincoln (son) Mary Todd "Mamie" Lincoln (granddaughter) Abraham Lincoln II (grandson) Jessie Lincoln (granddaughter) Thomas Lincoln (father) Nancy Hanks Lincoln (mother) Sarah Bush Lincoln (stepmother) Sarah Lincoln Grigsby (sister) Abraham Lincoln (paternal grandfather) Mordecai Lincoln (paternal uncle) Mary Lincoln Crume (paternal aunt) John Hanks (maternal cousin) Joseph Hanks (great-grandfather) Samuel Lincoln (17th-century ancestor) Mary Lincoln Beckwith (great-granddaughter) Robert Todd Lincoln Beckwith (great-grandson)

← James Buchanan Andrew Johnson → Book Category

Coordinates: 38°53′21″N 77°02′42″W / 38.8893°N 77.045°W / 38.8893; -77.045

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