List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Asia

This is a list of sovereign states and dependent territories in Asia. It includes both fully recognized states, states with limited recognition, and dependent territories of both Asian and non-Asian states. It lists 48 sovereign states and 6 dependent territories and other territories. While most of Russia's area is in Asia, it is generalized as being in Europe since its capital, Moscow, and most of its population are there.

Geographical boundaries of Asia

The divisions between Asia and Europe occur at the Ural Mountains, Ural River and Caspian Sea in the east, the Caucasus Mountains and the Black Sea with its outlets, Bosporus and Dardanelles in the south. Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Russia and Turkey all have territory in both Asia and Europe. Armenia and Cyprus are entirely in Western Asia but are sociopolitically European countries.

The division between Asia and Africa is usually considered to be the Suez Canal, placing the Sinai peninsula in Asia, and therefore Egypt may be included as an Asian state.

The division between Asia and Australasia (Oceania) is disputed, and placed somewhere between Java and New Guinea. Indonesia spans both areas, but is considered to be Asian. East Timor is sometimes considered to be part of Australasia, but due to its being surrounded by Indonesia and its once being part of Indonesia, it is considered Asian. Papua New Guinea is occasionally considered Asian by virtue of neighbouring Indonesia, but this is rare, and it is generally accepted to be part of Australasia. The division between Asia and North America is considered to be the Bering strait. Some of the Aleutian Islands may be considered as Asian.

Sovereign states

A sovereign state is a political association with effective sovereignty over a population for whom it makes decisions in the national interest.^[1] According to the Montevideo convention, a state must have a permanent population, a defined territory, a government, and the capacity to enter into relations with other states.^[2]

UN member states

There are 48 Asian states in this list. All are members of the United Nations^[3] except for Palestine, which is an observer state and has never controlled the majority of its claimed territory.^[4]

Flag	Map	English short and formal names [5][6][7]	Domestic short and formal names[5][6]	Capital [7][8][9]	Population^[a]^[b] [10]	Area^[a]^[b] [11]
		Afghanistan Islamic Republic of Afghanistan	Dari: جمهوری اسلامی افغانستان — افغانستان (Afghānestān — Jomhūrī-ye Eslāmī-ye Afghānestān) Pashto: د افغانستان اسلامي جمهوریت — افغانستان‎ (Afghān̄istān — Afghānistān Islāmī Jumhūrīyat)	Kabul Dari: کابل (Kābul) Pashto: کابل‎ (Kābul)	26,556,800	652,230 km^2 (251,827 sq mi)
		Armenia Republic of Armenia	Armenian: Հայաստան — Հայաստանի Հանրապետությու (Hayastan — Hayastani Hanrapetut'yun)	Yerevan Armenian: Երևան (Yerevan)	2,970,495	29,743 km^2 (11,484 sq mi)
		Azerbaijan^[a]^[b] Republic of Azerbaijan	Azerbaijani: Azǝrbaycan — Azǝrbaycan Respublikası	Baku Azerbaijani: Bakı	9,593,000	86,600 km^2 (33,436 sq mi)
		Bahrain Kingdom of Bahrain	Arabic: مملكة البحرين — البحرين‎ (Al Baḩrayn — Mamlakat al Baḩrayn)	Manama Arabic: المنامة‎ (Al Manāmah)	1,316,500	760 km^2 (293 sq mi)
		Bangladesh People's Republic of Bangladesh	Bengali: বাংলাদেশ — গণপ্রজাতন্ত্রী বাংলাদেশ (Bānglādesh — Gaṇaprajātantrī Bānglādesh)	Dhaka Bengali: ঢাকা (Ḍhākā)	161,083,804	143,998 km^2 (55,598 sq mi)
		Bhutan Kingdom of Bhutan	Dzongkha: འབྲུག་ཡུལ་ — འབྲུག་རྒྱལ་ཁབ་ (Druk Yul — Druk Gyalkhapb)	Thimphu Dzongkha: ཐིམ་ཕུ (Thimphu)	716,896	38,394 km^2 (14,824 sq mi)
		Brunei Brunei Darussalam	English: Brunei Darussalam Malay: Brunei — Negara Brunei Darussalam	Bandar Seri Begawan English: Bandar Seri Begawan Malay: Bandar Seri Begawan	408,786	5,765 km^2 (2,226 sq mi)
		Cambodia Kingdom of Cambodia	Khmer: កម្ពុជា — ព្រះរាជាណាចក្រកម្ពុជា (Kâmpŭchéa — Preăhréachéanachâkr Kâmpŭchéa)	Phnom Penh Khmer: ភ្នំពេញ (Phnum Pénh)	14,952,665	181,035 km^2 (69,898 sq mi)
		China^[b] People's Republic of China	Chinese: 中国 — 中华人民共和国 (Zhongguo — Zhonghua Renmin Gongheguo)	Beijing Chinese: 北京 (Beijing)	1,343,239,923	9,596,961 km^2 (3,705,407 sq mi)
		Cyprus^[b] Republic of Cyprus	Greek: Κύπρος — Κυπριακή Δημοκρατία (Kýpros — Kypriakí Dimokratía) Turkish: Kıbrıs — Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti	Nicosia Greek: Λευκωσία (Lefkosia) Turkish: Lefkoşa	1,138,071	9,251 km^2 (3,572 sq mi)
		Georgia^[a]^[b]	Georgian: საქართველო (Sak'art'velo)	Tbilisi / T'bilisi Georgian: თბილისი (T'bilisi)	4,570,934	69,700 km^2 (26,911 sq mi)
		India Republic of India	English: India — Republic of India Hindi: भारत — भारत गणरा᭔य (Bhārat — Bhāratīya Gaṇarājya)	New Delhi English: New Delhi Hindi: नई दिल्ली (Naī Dillī)	1,205,073,612	3,287,263 km^2 (1,269,219 sq mi)
		Indonesia^[a] Republic of Indonesia	Indonesian: Indonesia — Republik Indonesia	Jakarta Indonesian: Jakarta	248,645,008	1,904,569 km^2 (735,358 sq mi)
		Iran Islamic Republic of Iran	Persian: جمهوری اسلامی ایران‎‎ (Īrān — Jomhūrī-ye Eslāmī-ye Īrān)	Tehran Persian: تهران‎‎ (Tehrān)	78,868,711	1,648,195 km^2 (636,372 sq mi)
		Iraq Republic of Iraq	Arabic: العراق — جمهورية العراق‎ (Al ‘Irāq — Jumhūrīyat al ‘Irāq)	Baghdad Arabic: بغداد‎ (Baghdād)	36,004,552	438,317 km^2 (169,235 sq mi)
		Israel State of Israel	Hebrew: יִשְרָאֵל — מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל ‎ (Yisra'el — Medinat Yisra'el) Arabic: إسرائيل — دَوْلَة إِسْرَائِيل‎ (Isrā'īl — Dawlat Isrā'īl)	Jerusalem (Claimed and de facto)^[c] Hebrew: ירושלים‎ (Yerushalayim)	7,590,758	20,770 km^2 (8,019 sq mi)
		Japan	Japanese: 日本 — 日本国 (Nihon / Nippon — Nihon-koku / Nippon-koku)	Tokyo Japanese: 東京都 (Tokyo)	127,368,088	377,915 km^2 (145,914 sq mi)
		Jordan Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan	Arabic: اﻷرُدن — المملكة الأردنية الهاشميه‎ (Al Urdun — Al Mamlakah al Urdunīyah al Hāshimīyah)	Amman Arabic: عمان‎ (Ammān)	6,508,887	89,342 km^2 (34,495 sq mi)
		Kazakhstan^[a] Republic of Kazakhstan	Kazakh: Қазақстан — Қазақстан Республикасы (Qazaqstan — Qazaqstan Respūblīkasy) Russian: Казахстан — Республика Казахстан (Kazahstan — Respublika Kazahstan)	Astana Kazakh: Астана Russian: Астана (Astana)	17,522,010	2,724,900 km^2 (1,052,090 sq mi)
		Korea, North Democratic People's Republic of Korea	Korean: 조선 — 조선민주주의인민공화국 (Chosŏn — Chosŏn-minjujuŭi-inmin-konghwaguk)	Pyongyang Korean: 평양 (Phyŏngyang)	24,589,122	120,538 km^2 (46,540 sq mi)
		Korea, South Republic of Korea	Korean: 한국 — 대한민국 (Han’guk — Taehan Min’guk)	Seoul Korean: 서울 (Seoul)	48,860,500	99,720 km^2 (38,502 sq mi)
		Kuwait State of Kuwait	Arabic: دولة الكويت — اﻟﻜﻮﻳت‎ (Al Kuwayt — Dawlat al Kuwayt)	Kuwait City Arabic: الكويت‎ (Al Kuwayt)	3,268,431	17,818 km^2 (6,880 sq mi)
		Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyz Republic	Kyrgyz: Кыргызстан — Кыргыз Республикасы (Kyrgyzstan — Kyrgyz Respublikasy) Russian: Кыргызстан — Кыргызская Республика (Kyrgyzstan — Kyrgyzskaja Respublika)	Bishkek Kyrgyz: Бишкек (Bishkek) Russian: Бишкек (Biškek)	5,496,737	199,951 km^2 (77,202 sq mi)
		Laos Lao People's Democratic Republic	Lao: ປະເທດລາວ — ສາທາລະນະລັດ ປະຊາທິປະໄຕ ປະຊາຊົນລາວ (PathetLao — Sathalanalat Paxathipatai Paxaxôn Lao)	Vientiane Lao: ວຽງຈັນ (Viangchan)	6,586,266	236,800 km^2 (91,429 sq mi)
		Lebanon Lebanese Republic	Arabic: لبنان — الجمهورية اللبنانية‎ (Lubnān — Al Jumhūrīyah al Lubnānīyah)	Beirut Arabic: بيروت‎ (Bayrūt)	4,140,289	10,400 km^2 (4,015 sq mi)
		Malaysia	Malay: Malaysia	Kuala Lumpur^[d] Malay: Kuala Lumpur	30,527,000	329,847 km^2 (127,355 sq mi)
		Maldives Republic of Maldives	Maldivian: ދިވެހިރާއްޖެ — ދިވެހިރާއްޖޭގެ ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ (Dhivehi Raajje — Dhivehi Raajjeyge Jumhooriyyaa)	Malé / Male' Maldivian: މާލެ (Maale)	394,451	298 km^2 (115 sq mi)
		Mongolia	Mongolian: Монгол — Монгол улс (Mongol — Mongol uls)	Ulaanbaatar Mongolian: Улаанбаатар (Ulaanbaatar)	3,179,997	1,564,116 km^2 (603,909 sq mi)
		Myanmar Republic of the Union of Myanmar	Burmese: မြန်မာ — ပြည်ထောင်စု သမ္မတ မြန်မာနိုင်ငံတော်‌ (Myanma — Pyidaung Thamada Myanma Naingngandaw)	Nay Pyi Taw Burmese: နေပြည်တော် (Nay Pyi Taw)	54,584,650	676,578 km^2 (261,228 sq mi)
		Nepal Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal	Nepali: सङ्घीय लोकतान्त्रिक गणतन्त्र नेपाल (Nepāl — Saṁghīya Loktāntrik Ganạ tantra Nepāl)	Kathmandu Nepali: काठमाडौं (Kāṭhmāḍauṁ)	29,890,686	147,181 km^2 (56,827 sq mi)
		Oman Sultanate of Oman	Arabic: عُمان — سلطنة عُمان‎ (‘Umān — Salţanat ‘Umān)	Muscat Arabic: مسقط‎ (Masqaţ)	3,090,150	309,500 km^2 (119,499 sq mi)
		Pakistan Islamic Republic of Pakistan	English: Pakistan — Islamic Republic of Pakistan Urdu: پَاکِسْتَان — اسلامی جمہوریہ پاکستان‎ (Pākistān — Jamhūryat Islāmī Pākistān) Sindhi: پاڪستان — اسلامي جمهوريه پاڪستان‎ (Pākistān —Jamhūryat Islāmī Pākistān)	Islamabad English: Islamabad Urdu: اسلام آباد‎ (Islāmābād) Sindhi: اسلام آباد‎ (Islāmābād)	190,291,129	796,095 km^2 (307,374 sq mi)
		Philippines Republic of the Philippines	English: Philippines — Republic of the Philippines Tagalog: Pilipinas — Republika ng Pilipinas	Manila English: Manila Tagalog: Maynila	103,775,002	300,000 km^2 (115,831 sq mi)
		Qatar State of Qatar	Arabic: قطر — دولة قطر‎ (Qatar — Dawlat Qatar)	Doha Arabic: الدوحة‎ (Ad Dawḩah)	2,334,029	11,586 km^2 (4,473 sq mi)
		Russia^[a] Russian Federation	Russian: Росси́я — Российская Федерация (Rossija — Rossijskaja Federacija)	Moscow Russian: Москва (Moskva)	142,517,670	17,098,242 km^2 (6,601,668 sq mi)
		Saudi Arabia Kingdom of Saudi Arabia	Arabic: السعودية — المملكة العربية السعودية‎ (As Su‘ūdīya — Al Mamlakah al ‘Arabīyah as Su‘ūdīyah)	Riyadh Arabic: الرياض‎ (Ar Riyāḑ)	31,521,418	2,149,690 km^2 (830,000 sq mi)
		Singapore Republic of Singapore	Chinese: 新加坡 — 新加坡共和国 (Xīnjiāpō — Xīnjiāpō Gònghéguó) English: Singapore — Republic of Singapore Malay: Singapura — Republik Singapura Tamil: சிங்கப்பூர் — சிங்கப்பூர் குடியரசு (Chiṅkappūr — Chiṅkappūr Kuṭiyarachu)	Singapore Chinese: 新加坡 (Xīnjiāpō) English: Singapore Malay: Singapura Tamil: சிங்கப்பூர் (Chiṅkappūr)	5,353,494	697 km^2 (269 sq mi)
		Sri Lanka Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka	Sinhalese: ශ්රී ලංකා — ශ්රී ලංකා ප්රජාතාන්ත්රික සමාජවාදී ජනරජය (Shrī Laṁkā — Shrī Laṁkā Prajātāntrika Samājavādī Janarajaya) Tamil: இலங்கை — இலங்கை ஜனநாயக சமத்துவ குடியரசு (Ilaṅkai — Ilaṅkai Jaṉanāyaka Choṣhalichak Kuṭiyarachu)	Sri Jayawardenapura Kotte Sinhalese: ශ්රී ජයවර්ධනපුර ක ෝට්ටේ (Shrī Jayavardhanapura Koṭṭe) Tamil: ஶ்ரீ ஜெயவர்த்தனபுர கோட்டை (Shrī Jĕyavarttaṉapura Koṭṭai)	21,481,334	65,610 km^2 (25,332 sq mi)
		Syria Syrian Arab Republic	Arabic: ﺔُﺳ ِﻮرَا / ﺳ ِﻮر — جمهورية سوريا العربية‎ (Sūrīyah / Sūriyā — Al Jumhūrīyah al ‘Arabīyah as Sūrīyah)	Damascus Arabic: دمشق‎ (Dimashq)	22,530,746	185,180 km^2 (71,498 sq mi)
		Tajikistan Republic of Tajikistan	Tajik: Тоҷикистон — Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон (Tojikiston — Jumhurii Tojikiston)	Dushanbe Tajik: Душанбе (Dushanbe)	7,768,385	143,100 km^2 (55,251 sq mi)
		Thailand Kingdom of Thailand	Thai: ประเทศไทย — ราชอาณาจักรไทย (Prathet Thai — Ratcha Anachak Thai)	Bangkok Thai: กรุงเทพฯ (Krung Thep)	67,091,089	513,120 km^2 (198,117 sq mi)
		Timor-Leste/East Timor^[a] Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste	Portuguese: Timor-Leste — República Democrática de Timor-Leste Tetum: Timor Lorosa'e — Repúblika Demokrátika Timor Lorosa'e	Dili Portuguese: Dili Tetum: Dili	1,143,667	14,874 km^2 (5,743 sq mi)
		Turkey^[a] Republic of Turkey	Turkish: Türkiye — Türkiye Cumhuriyeti	Ankara Turkish: Ankara	79,749,461	783,562 km^2 (302,535 sq mi)
		Turkmenistan	Turkmen: Türkmenistan	Ashgabat Turkmen: Aşgabat	5,054,828	488,100 km^2 (188,456 sq mi)
		United Arab Emirates	Arabic: اﻹﻣﺎرا — دولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة‎ (Al Imārāt — Al Imārāt al ‘Arabīyah al Muttaḩidah)	Abu Dhabi Arabic: أبوظبي‎ (Abu Dhabi)	9,577,000	83,600 km^2 (32,278 sq mi)
		Uzbekistan Republic of Uzbekistan	Uzbek: O‘zbekiston — O‘zbekiston Respublikasi	Tashkent Uzbek: Toshkent	30,492,800	447,400 km^2 (172,742 sq mi)
		Vietnam / Viet Nam Socialist Republic of Vietnam	Vietnamese: Việt Nam — Cộng Hòa Xã Hội Chủ Nghĩa Việt Nam	Hanoi Vietnamese: Hà Nội	91,519,289	332,698 km^2 (128,455 sq mi)
		Yemen Republic of Yemen	Arabic: اليمن — الجمهورية اليمنية‎ (Al Yaman — Al Jumhūrīyah al Yamanīyah)	Sana'a Arabic: صنعاء‎ (Şan‘ā’)	25,956,000	527,968 km^2 (203,850 sq mi)

Non-UN states

The six states in this list have varying levels of recognition, but are not members of the United Nations. All are defined as states by the declarative theory of statehood.

Flag	Map	English short and formal names	Status	Domestic short and formal names	Capital	Population	Area
		Abkhazia Republic of Abkhazia[12]	Claimed as an autonomous republic of Georgia.[13] Recognised by four UN states.[14]	Abkhaz: Аҧсуа (Apswa)[12]	Sukhumi / Sukhum[12] Abkhaz: Аҟəа (Akwa)	250,000[15]	8,660 km^2 (3,344 sq mi)[13]
		Nagorno-Karabakh Nagorno-Karabakh Republic[16]	Claimed as part of Azerbaijan.[17] Recognised only by 3 non-UN states.	Armenian: Լեռնային Ղարաբաղ — Լեռնային Ղարաբաղ Հանրապետություն (Lernayin Gharabaghi — Lernayin Gharabaghi Hanrapetut’yun)[16]	Stepanakert[16] Armenian: Ստեփանակերտ (Khankendi)	141,400[18]	7,000 km^2 (2,703 sq mi)[19]
		Northern Cyprus Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus[20]	Claimed as part of the Republic of Cyprus. Recognised only by Turkey.[20]	Turkish: Kuzey Kıbrıs — Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti	Nicosia Turkish: Lefkoşa[21]	285,356[22]	3,355 km^2 (1,295 sq mi)[11]
		Palestine State of Palestine	Under Israeli occupation since 1967	Arabic: فلسطين — دولة فلسـطين‎ (Filastīn — As-Sulta Al-Wataniyya Al-Filastīniyya)	Ramallah (de facto)[23] Jerusalem (claimed)[24]	4,225,710[10]	6,220 km^2 (2,402 sq mi)[11]
		South Ossetia Republic of South Ossetia	Claimed as part of Georgia.[25] Recognised by four UN states.	Ossetian: Хуссар Ирыстон — Республикæ Хуссар Ирыстон (Khussar Iryston — Respublikæ Khussar Iryston) Russian: Южная Осетия — Республика Южная Осетия (Yuzhnaya Osetiya — Respublika Yuzhnaya Osetiya)	Tskhinvali[25] Ossetian: Цхинвал or Чъреба (Chreba)	70,000[25]	3,900 km^2 (1,506 sq mi)[26]
		Taiwan Republic of China[7][27]	Claimed as a province of the People's Republic of China, the government of Taiwan has not renounced claims over the mainland and is officially recognised as the government of China by 21 UN member states and the Holy See. However, Taiwan maintains unofficial relations with most other countries and is de facto recognized by most sovereign states. See Political status of Taiwan for more information about the situation.	Traditional Chinese: 臺灣/台灣 — 中華民國 (Táiwān — Zhōnghuá Mínguó)	Taipei[7][8] Traditional Chinese: 臺北/台北	23,071,779[10]	35,980 km^2 (13,892 sq mi)[11]

Dependent territories and other territories

The six entities in this list are either subject to a state they are not part of, or have a special political arrangement that was decided through an international agreement.

Flag	Map	English short and formal names	Status[28]	Domestic short and formal names	Capital	Population	Area[11]
		Akrotiri and Dhekelia The Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia	British overseas territory	English: Akrotiri and Dhekelia — Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia	Episkopi Cantonment English: Episkopi Cantonment[8]	15,700[10]^[e]	254 km^2 (98 sq mi)
		British Indian Ocean Territory[5][7]	British overseas territory	English: British Indian Ocean Territory	—	4,000[29]^[f]	54,400 km^2 (21,004 sq mi)
		Christmas Island Territory of Christmas Island[5]	Territory of Australia	English: Christmas Island — Territory of Christmas Island	Flying Fish Cove[7] / The Settlement[8]	1,402[10]	135 km^2 (52 sq mi)
		Cocos (Keeling) Islands Territory of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands[5]	Territory of Australia	English: Cocos (Keeling) Islands — Territory of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands	West Island[8] / Bantam[7]	596[10]	14 km^2 (5 sq mi)
		Hong Kong Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China[7]	Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China	Chinese: 香港 — 中華人民共和國香港特別行政區 English: Hong Kong — Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China	Hong Kong[7]	7,122,508[10]	1,104 km^2 (426 sq mi)
		Macau / Macao Macao Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China[30]	Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China	Chinese: 澳門 — 中華人民共和國澳門特別行政區 Portuguese: Macau — Região Administrativa Especial de Macau da República Popular da China	Macau / Macao[7]	573,003[10]	28.2 km^2 (10.9 sq mi)

See also

• List of Asian countries by GDP
• List of predecessors of sovereign states in Asia

Notes

1. Area and population figures given are for the whole state, including areas located outside of Asia. Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Russia, and Turkey all contain territory in Europe. The border between Asia and Oceania is not clearly defined, and Indonesia and East Timor are sometimes placed in Oceania.
2. ^ ^{a b c d} The area and population of states with separatist regions includes that of the separatist regions.
3. ^ Jerusalem was declared the capital of Israel in 1950.^[31] The 1980 Jerusalem Law states that "Jerusalem, complete and united, is the capital of Israel", and the city serves as the seat of the government, home to the President's residence, government offices, supreme court, and parliament.^[32] United Nations Security Council Resolution 478 declared the Jerusalem Law "null and void" and called on member states to withdraw their diplomatic missions from Jerusalem.^[33] Foreign countries maintain their embassies in Tel Aviv and other Israeli cities.^[34]
4. ^ Although Kuala Lumpur is the official capital of Malaysia, Putrajaya is the seat of government.^[35]
5. ^ Akrotiri and Dhekelia are British military bases, with the population including 8,000 United Kingdom personnel and dependents.^[36]
6. ^ Although the islands have no remaining indigenous inhabitants, a military base shared between the United Kingdom and the United States is located on the island of Diego Garcia, with a staff of 4,000 people.^[29]
7. ^ Represents total land area. Including claimed ocean area, total area 54,400 km² (21,004 sq mi).

References

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