List of Naga tribes
Naga is a vaguely defined umbrella term for several tribes in North-East India and Upper Burma.
S. R. Tohring (2010) lists 66 Naga tribes.[1] The 1991 Census of India listed 35 Naga groups as Scheduled Tribes: 17 in Nagaland, 15 in Manipur and 3 in Arunachal Pradesh.[2]
In the past, writers such as Dr. Rev Dozo (in The Cross over Nagaland) and Renthy Keitzar, have classified the Kuki as one of the Naga tribes.
Naga tribes
| Tribe | Traditional territory | Recognized as Scheduled Tribe in | Reference for classification as Naga | Population | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Angami | India | Nagaland | S. R. Tohring, 2010 | ||
| Ao | India | Nagaland | S. R. Tohring, 2010 | ||
| Chang | India | Nagaland | S. R. Tohring, 2010 | ||
| Chirr | Burma | Nagaland | S. R. Tohring, 2010 | ||
| Chiru | India | Manipur | S. R. Tohring, 2010 | ||
| Htangan | Burma | S. R. Tohring, 2010 | |||
| Kharam (also Purum) | India | Manipur | S. R. Tohring, 2010 | ||
| Khiamniungan (or Khiamnungam) | Burma, India | Nagaland | S. R. Tohring, 2010 | Nokaw (Noko) founded in Burma is also a Khiamniungan tribe. | |
| Konyak | Burma, India | Nagaland | S. R. Tohring, 2010 | ||
| Leinong (also Lainong or Lainung) | Burma | S. R. Tohring, 2010 | |||
| Liangmai (also Liangmai or Lingmai) | India (Tamenglong, Manipur) | Manipur, Assam (under Community Zeliangrong) | S. R. Tohring, 2010 | Also known as Koireng (or Quireng) — not to be confused with the Koireng Kukis | |
| Lotha | India | Nagaland | S. R. Tohring, 2010 | ||
| Makury (also Makuri, Macharay or Makhori) | Burma | Nagaland | S. R. Tohring, 2010 | ||
| Mao (also Ememei) | Senapati district, Manipur and Kohima and Dimapur districts, Nagaland (India) | Manipur | S. R. Tohring, 2010 | Also called Shiipfomei together with Poumai[3] | |
| Maram | Senapati district (India) | Manipur | S. R. Tohring, 2010 | ||
| Maring | Chandel district (India) | Manipur | S. R. Tohring, 2010 | ||
| Mzieme | Nagaland | William Frawley, 2003[4] | |||
| Nokaw (or Noko) | Burma | S. R. Tohring, 2010 | Now they are known as Khiamniungan tribe. | ||
| Nocte (or Nokte) | India | Patkai hills of Tirap district, Arunachal Pradesh. | S. R. Tohring, 2010 | It is a sub-tribe of Tangshang Naga. | |
| Para | Burma | S. R. Tohring, 2010 | |||
| Pochury | India | Nagaland | S. R. Tohring, 2010 | ||
| Phom | India | Nagaland | S. R. Tohring, 2010 | ||
| Poumai | Senapati District, Manipur and Phek district, Nagaland (India) | S. R. Tohring, 2010 | |||
| Puimei (Inpui or kabui) | India (Manipur and Assam) | William Frawley, 2003[4] | Not to be confused with Poumai | ||
| Rengma | India | Nagaland | S. R. Tohring, 2010 | ||
| Rongmei (also Ruangmei) | Tamenglong (Manipur, India), Cachar (Assam, India) | Manipur (Rongmei), Nagaland (as Rongmei), Assam (as Rongmei part of Community Zeliangrong) | S. R. Tohring, 2010 | Rongmei are part of Major Community called as Zeliangrong | |
| Sangtam | India | Nagaland | S. R. Tohring, 2010 | ||
| Sumi (or Sema) | India | Nagaland | S. R. Tohring, 2010 | ||
| Tangkhul | Ukhrul district (India), Burma | Manipur | S. R. Tohring, 2010 | formerly known as Rangpang, Pangmi and Heimi (Hemi/Haimi) in Burma | |
| Tangshang (or Tase in language coding name) | India, Burma | Arunachal Pradesh, Burma | S. R. Tohring, 2010 | Formerly known as Pangmi and Heimi (Haimi in Burma; and Rangpang, Tangsa, Wancho, Nocte, Tutsa in India. | |
| Tarao | India | S. R. Tohring, 2010 | |||
| Thangal | India (Mao and Sadar Hills, Manipur) | S. R. Tohring, 2010 | |||
| Tikhir | India | Nagaland | S. R. Tohring, 2010 | ||
| Tutsa | India | Robin Tribhuwan, 2005[5] | It is a sub-tribe of Tangshang Naga. | ||
| Wancho | India | Arunachal Pradesh | S. R. Tohring, 2010 | It is a sub-tribe of Tangshang Naga. | |
| Yimchunger | Burma, India | Nagaland | S. R. Tohring, 2010 | ||
| Zeme | India: Tamenglong, Senapati districts (Manipur); Peren district (Nagaland); NC Hills district (Assam) | Zeliang in Nagaland, Zeme in Assam & Manipur | S.R.Tohring | Zeme is a part of Zeliangrong Community |
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An Angami man in traditional dress
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Ao woman in traditional attire
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A Konyak chief in his traditional outfit
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Liangmai youths performing folk dance during Road Show in Peren, Nagaland
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A Pochury woman on a book cover
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A diorama of Nocte people in a museum
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Glory Day celebration of the Poumai Naga
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Rani Gaidinliu, a Rongmei Naga
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Tangkhul girl in a modern adaptation of the traditional dress
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A diorama of Tangsa people in a museum
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A diorama of the Wancho people in a museum
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Yimchunger girl at the Kutur village morung
Tribes sometimes classified as Naga
| Tribe | Traditional territory | Recognized as Scheduled Tribe in | Reference for classification as Naga | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anal | Chandel district (India), Burma | Manipur | S. R. Tohring, 2010 | Also classified as Kuki[6] |
| Chothe | India | Manipur | S. R. Tohring, 2010 | Also classified as Kuki-Chin[6] |
| Inpui | India | S. R. Tohring, 2010 | ||
| Khoibu | India | Manipur | Romesh Singh, 2006[7] | Recognized as a sub-tribe of Maring by some; however, they have a different origin and dialect |
| Lamkang (also Lamgang or Langang) | Tengnoupal district (India) | Manipur | S. R. Tohring, 2010 | |
| Monsang | Tengnoupal district (India) | Manipur | S. R. Tohring, 2010 | Not to confused with the sub-tribe of Tangshang Naga called, 'Moshang or Mossang' |
| Moyon | Tengnoupal district (India), Burma | Manipur | S. R. Tohring, 2010 | Linguistically, the Moyons are closer to the Chin-Kuki-Mizo tribes, and have been classified as an "Old Kuki" tribe in the anthropological literature. However, now, they prefer to place themselves within the Naga fold.[8][9][10] |
Composite tribes or communities
- Chakhesang: Chakru, Kheza and Sangtam combined[3]
- Kabui: Rongmei and Puimei together[3]
- Shepfomei or Shepoumai (Mao-Poumai): Ememei, Lepaona, Chiliivai and Paomata together[3]
- Zeliangrong:Zeme, Liangmai and Rongmei together[6]
- Zeliang: Zeme and Liangmei together are called Zeliang in Nagaland[2]
References
- ↑ S. R. Tohring (2010). Violence and identity in North-east India: Naga-Kuki conflict. Mittal Publications. pp. xv–xvii. ISBN 978-81-8324-344-5.
- 1 2 U. A. Shimray (2007). Naga population and integration movement. Mittal Publications. pp. 25–33. ISBN 978-81-8324-181-6.
- 1 2 3 4 William Nepuni (2010). Socio-cultural history of Shüpfomei Naga tribe. Mittal Publications. pp. 24–25. ISBN 978-81-8324-307-0.
- 1 2 William Frawley (1 May 2003). International Encyclopedia of Linguistics. Oxford University Press. pp. 1–. ISBN 978-0-19-513977-8. Retrieved 8 September 2013.
- ↑ Robin D. Tribhuwan (1 January 2005). Tribal Housing Issues. Discovery Publishing House. pp. 56–. ISBN 978-81-7141-917-3. Retrieved 8 September 2013.
- 1 2 3 G. K. Ghosh, Shukla Ghosh (1997). Women of Manipur (illustrated ed.). APH Publishing. p. 4. ISBN 978-81-7024-897-2.
- ↑ M. Romesh Singh (1 January 2006). Tribal Development in 21st Century: An Experience from Manipur. Mittal Publications. pp. 60–. ISBN 978-81-8324-150-2. Retrieved 8 September 2013.
- ↑ Sipra Sen (1992). Tribes and Castes of Manipur: Description and Select Bibliography. Mittal Publications. p. 58. ISBN 978-81-7099-310-0.
- ↑ Folk tales of Moyon-Monsang. Directorate for Development of Tribals and Backward Classes, Manipur. 1982. p. 1.
- ↑ G. K. Ghosh, Shukla Ghosh (1997). Women of Manipur. APH. p. 54. ISBN 9788170248972.
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