List of Old World monkey species

Old World monkeys are all simian primates. They are more closely related to the apes than they are to the New World monkeys.

Taxonomic classification


Key

Scientific name Latin binomial name, or Latin name, of the species
Common name Common name of the species, per Wilson, et al. Mammal Species of the World (2005)
Classified Date in which the species was formally described and classified, as well as the binomial authority on the species
Average size Average size of adult members of the species, in metric and English weight units
Estimated size Estimated average size of adult members of the extinct species
Conservation status Conservation status of the species, per IUCN as of 2008
Extinction date Year of extinction or estimated date range for subfossil species, in BCE/CE

Extant species

Subfamily: Cercopithecinae

Tribe: Cercopithecini

Scientific name Common name Classified Male average size Female average size Conservation status References
Allenopithecus nigroviridis Allen's swamp monkey 1907 Pocock 6 kg (13 lb) 3.5 kg (7.7 lb) least concern [1][2]
Miopithecus talapoin Angolan talapoin 1774 Schreber least concern [3][4]
Miopithecus ogouensis Gabon talapoin 1997 Kingdon least concern [5][6]
Erythrocebus patas patas monkey 1775 Schreber least concern [7][8]
Chlorocebus sabaeus green monkey 1758 Linnaeus least concern [9][10]
Chlorocebus aethiops grivet 1758 Linnaeus 4.25 kg (9.4 lb) 3 kg (6.6 lb) least concern [11][12]
Chlorocebus djamdjamensis Bale Mountains vervet 1902 Neumann vulnerable [13][14]
Chlorocebus tantalus tantalus monkey 1841 Ogilby least concern [15][16]
Chlorocebus pygerythrus vervet monkey 1821 F. Cuvier least concern [17][18]
Chlorocebus cynosuros malbrouck 1786 Scopoli least concern [19][20]
Cercopithecus dryas Dryas monkey 1932 Schwarz 7 kg (15 lb) 4 kg (8.8 lb) critically endangered [21][22]
Cercopithecus diana Diana monkey 1758 Linnaeus 7 kg (15 lb) 4 kg (8.8 lb) vulnerable [23][24]
Cercopithecus roloway roloway monkey 1774 Schreber 7 kg (15 lb) 4 kg (8.8 lb) endangered [25][26]
Cercopithecus nictitans greater spot-nosed monkey 1766 Linnaeus least concern [27][28]
Cercopithecus mitis blue monkey 1822 Wolf 8 kg (18 lb) 4 kg (8.8 lb) least concern [29][30]
Cercopithecus doggetti silver monkey 1907 Pocock least concern [31][32]
Cercopithecus kandti golden monkey 1905 Matschie endangered [33][34]
Cercopithecus albogularis Sykes's monkey 1831 Sykes least concern [35][36]
Cercopithecus mona mona monkey 1774 Schreber least concern [37][38]
Cercopithecus campbelli Campbell's mona monkey 1838 Waterhouse least concern [39][40]
Cercopithecus lowei Lowe's mona monkey 1923 Thomas least concern [41][42]
Cercopithecus pogonias crested mona monkey 1833 Bennett least concern [43][44]
Cercopithecus wolfi Wolf's mona monkey 1891 Meyer 4 kg (8.8 lb) 2.5 kg (5.5 lb) least concern [45][46]
Cercopithecus denti Dent's mona monkey 1907 Thomas least concern [47][48]
Cercopithecus petaurista lesser spot-nosed monkey 1774 Schreber least concern [49][50]
Cercopithecus erythrogaster white-throated guenon 1866 Gray 3.5–4.5 kg (7.7–9.9 lb) 2–4 kg (4.4–8.8 lb) vulnerable [51][52]
Cercopithecus sclateri Sclater's guenon 1904 Pocock vulnerable [53][54]
Cercopithecus erythrotis red-eared guenon 1838 Waterhouse vulnerable [55][56]
Cercopithecus cephus moustached guenon 1758 Linnaeus least concern [57][58]
Cercopithecus ascanius red-tailed monkey 1799 Audebert least concern [59][60]
Cercopithecus lhoesti l'Hoest's monkey 1899 P. Sclater 6 kg (13 lb) 3.5 kg (7.7 lb) vulnerable [61][62]
Cercopithecus preussi Preuss's monkey 1898 Matschie endangered [63][64]
Cercopithecus solatus sun-tailed monkey 1888 M. H. S. Harrison vulnerable [65][66]
Cercopithecus hamlyni Hamlyn's monkey 1907 Pocock 7–10 kg (15–22 lb) 4.5–6 kg (9.9–13.2 lb) vulnerable [67][68]
Cercopithecus neglectus De Brazza's monkey 1876 Schlegel 7 kg (15 lb) 4.5 kg (9.9 lb) least concern [69][70]

Tribe: Papionini

Scientific name Common name Classified Male average size Female average size Conservation status References
Macaca sylvanus Barbary macaque 1758 Linnaeus endangered [71][72]
Macaca silenus lion-tailed macaque 1758 Linnaeus endangered [73][74]
Macaca nemestrina southern pig-tailed macaque 1766 Linnaeus vulnerable [75][76]
Macaca leonina northern pig-tailed macaque 1863 Blyth vulnerable [77][78]
Macaca pagensis Pagai Island macaque 1903 Miller 6–9 kg (13–20 lb) 4.5–6 kg (9.9–13.2 lb) critically endangered [79][80]
Macaca siberu Siberut macaque 1995 Fuentes & Olson vulnerable [81][82]
Macaca maura moor macaque 1825 H.R. Schinz endangered [83][84]
Macaca ochreata booted macaque 1841 Ogilby vulnerable [85][86]
Macaca tonkeana Tonkean macaque 1899 Meyer vulnerable [87][88]
Macaca hecki Heck's macaque 1901 Matschie vulnerable [89][90]
Macaca nigrescens Gorontalo macaque 1849 Temminck vulnerable [91][92]
Macaca nigra Celebes crested macaque 1822 Desmarest critically endangered [93][94]
Macaca fascicularis crab-eating macaque 1821 Raffles least concern [95][96]
Macaca arctoides stump-tailed macaque 1831 I. Geoffroy 9.7–10.2 kg (21–22 lb) 7.5–9.1 kg (17–20 lb) vulnerable [97][98]
Macaca mulatta rhesus macaque 1780 Zimmermann 7.7 kg (17 lb) 5.3 kg (12 lb) least concern [99][100]
Macaca cyclopis Formosan rock macaque 1862 Swinhoe least concern [101][102]
Macaca fuscata Japanese macaque 1875 Blyth 10–14 kg (22–31 lb) 5.5 kg (12 lb) least concern [103][104]
Macaca sinica toque macaque 1771 Linnaeus endangered [105][106]
Macaca radiata bonnet macaque 1812 É. Geoffroy 5.5–9 kg (12–20 lb) 3.5–4.5 kg (7.7–9.9 lb) least concern [107][108]
Macaca assamensis Assam macaque 1840 McClelland 10–14.5 kg (22–32 lb) 8–12 kg (18–26 lb) near threatened [109][110]
Macaca thibetana Tibetan macaque 1870 Milne-Edwards near threatened [111][112]
Macaca munzala Arunachal macaque 2005 Sinha et al. endangered [113][114]
Lophocebus albigena grey-cheeked mangabey 1850 Gray least concern [115][116]
Lophocebus aterrimus black crested mangabey 1890 Oudemans least concern [117][118]
Lophocebus opdenboschi Opdenbosch's mangabey 1944 Scouteden data deficient [119][120]
Lophocebus ugandae Uganda mangabey 1912 Matschie not evaluated [121]
Lophocebus johnstoni Johnston's mangabey 1900 Lydekker not evaluated [122]
Lophocebus osmani Osman Hill's mangabey 1978 Groves not evaluated [123]
Rungwecebus kipunji kipunji 2005 Jones et al. critically endangered [124][125] [126]
Papio hamadryas hamadryas baboon 1758 Linnaeus least concern [127][128]
Papio papio Guinea baboon 1820 Desmarest near threatened [129][130]
Papio anubis olive baboon 1827 Lesson 24 kg (53 lb) 14.7 kg (32 lb) least concern [131][132]
Papio cynocephalus yellow baboon 1766 Linnaeus least concern [133][134]
Papio ursinus chacma baboon 1792 Kerr least concern [135][136]
Theropithecus gelada gelada 1835 Rüppell least concern [137][138]
Cercocebus atys sooty mangabey 1797 Audebert vulnerable [139][140]
Cercocebus torquatus collared mangabey 1792 Kerr vulnerable [141][142]
Cercocebus agilis agile mangabey 1886 Milne-Edwards 7–13 kg (15–29 lb) 5–7 kg (11–15 lb) least concern [143][144]
Cercocebus chrysogaster golden-bellied mangabey 1900 Lydekker data deficient [145][146]
Cercocebus galeritus Tana River mangabey 1879 Peters endangered [147][148]
Cercocebus sanjei Sanje mangabey 1986 Mittermeier endangered [149][150]
Mandrillus sphinx mandrill 1758 Linnaeus 25–35 kg (55–77 lb) 11–14 kg (24–31 lb) vulnerable [151][152]
Mandrillus leucophaeus drill 1807 F. Cuvier endangered [153][154]

Subfamily: Colobinae

Langur group

Scientific name Common name Classified Male average size Female average size Conservation status References
Semnopithecus schistaceus Nepal gray langur 1840 Hodgson least concern [155][156]
Semnopithecus ajax Kashmir gray langur 1928 Pocock endangered [157][158]
Semnopithecus hector Tarai gray langur 1928 Pocock near threatened [159][160]
Semnopithecus entellus northern plains gray langur 1797 Dufresne least concern [161][162]
Semnopithecus hypoleucos black-footed gray langur 1841 Blyth least concern [163][164]
Semnopithecus dussumieri southern plains gray langur 1843 I. Geoffroy least concern [165][166]
Semnopithecus priam tufted gray langur 1844 Blyth near threatened [167][168]
Trachypithecus vetulus purple-faced langur 1777 Erxleben endangered [169][170]
Trachypithecus johnii Nilgiri langur 1829 J. Fischer vulnerable [171][172]
Trachypithecus auratus Javan lutung 1812 É. Geoffroy vulnerable [173][174]
Trachypithecus cristatus silvery lutung 1821 Raffles 6.6 kg (15 lb) 5.7 kg (13 lb) vulnerable [175][176]
Trachypithecus germaini Indochinese lutung 1876 Milne-Edwards endangered [177][178]
Trachypithecus barbei Tenasserim lutung 1847 Blyth data deficient [179][180]
Trachypithecus obscurus dusky leaf monkey 1837 Reid near threatened [181][182]
Trachypithecus phayrei Phayre's leaf monkey 1847 Blyth endangered [183][184]
Trachypithecus pileatus capped langur 1843 Blyth vulnerable [185][186]
Trachypithecus shortridgei Shortridge's langur 1915 Wroughton endangered [187][188]
Trachypithecus geei Gee's golden langur 1956 Khajuria endangered [189][190]
Trachypithecus francoisi François' langur 1898 de Pousargues endangered [191][192]
Trachypithecus hatinhensis Hatinh langur 1970 Dao endangered [193][194]
Trachypithecus poliocephalus white-headed langur 1911 Trouessart critically endangered [195][196]
Trachypithecus laotum Laotian langur 1911 Thomas vulnerable [197][198]
Trachypithecus delacouri Delacour's langur 1911 Osgood critically endangered [199][200]
Trachypithecus ebenus Indochinese black langur 1995 Brandon-Jones Not rated [201]
Presbytis melalophos Sumatran surili 1821 Raffles endangered [202][203]
Presbytis femoralis banded surili 1838 Martin near threatened [204][205]
Presbytis chrysomelas Sarawak surili 1838 Müller & Schlegel critically endangered [206][207]
Presbytis siamensis white-thighed surili 1838 Müller & Schlegel near threatened [208][209]
Presbytis frontata white-fronted surili 1838 Müller 5.67 kg (12.5 lb) 5.56 kg (12.3 lb) vulnerable [210][211]
Presbytis comata Javan surili 1822 Desmarest endangered [212][213]
Presbytis thomasi Thomas's langur 1893 Collett vulnerable [214][215]
Presbytis hosei Hose's langur 1889 Thomas vulnerable [216][217]
Presbytis rubicunda maroon leaf monkey 1838 Müller least concern [218][219]
Presbytis potenziani Mentawai langur 1856 Bonaparte endangered [220][221]
Presbytis natunae Natuna Island surili 1894 Thomas & Hartert vulnerable [222][223]

Odd-nosed group

Scientific name Common name Classified Male average size Female average size Conservation status References
Pygathrix nemaeus red-shanked douc 1771 Linnaeus 7 kg (15 lb) 5 kg (11 lb) endangered [224][225]
Pygathrix nigripes black-shanked douc 1871 Milne-Edwards endangered [226][227]
Pygathrix cinerea gray-shanked douc 1997 Nadler 10.9 kg (24 lb) 8.2 kg (18 lb) critically endangered [228][229]
Rhinopithecus roxellana golden snub-nosed monkey 1870 Milne-Edwards endangered [230][231]
Rhinopithecus bieti black snub-nosed monkey 1897 Milne-Edwards endangered [232][233]
Rhinopithecus brelichi gray snub-nosed monkey 1903 Thomas endangered [234][235]
Rhinopithecus avunculus Tonkin snub-nosed langur 1912 Dollman critically endangered [236][237]
Nasalis larvatus proboscis monkey 1787 Wurmb 24 kg (53 lb) 12 kg (26 lb) endangered [238][239]
Simias concolor pig-tailed langur 1903 Miller critically endangered [240][241]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Allenopithecus nigroviridis". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 153. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  2. ↑ Oates, J. F. & Groves, C. P. (2008). Allenopithecus nigroviridis. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  3. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Miopithecus talapoin". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 166. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  4. ↑ Oates, J. F. & Groves, C. P. (2008). Miopithecus talapoin. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  5. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Miopithecus ogouensis". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 165–166. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  6. ↑ Oates, J. F. & Groves, C. P. (2008). Miopithecus oguensis. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  7. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Erythrocebus patas". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 160. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  8. ↑ Kingdon, J., Butynski, T. M. & De Jong, Y. (2008). Erythrocebus patas. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  9. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Chlorocebus sabaeus". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 158–159. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  10. ↑ Kingdon, J. & Gippoliti, S. (2008). Chlorocebus sabaeus. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  11. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Chlorocebus aethiops". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 158–159. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  12. ↑ Kingdon, J. & Butynski, T. M. (2008). Chlorocebus aethiops. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  13. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Chlorocebus djamdjamensis". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 159. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  14. ↑ Butynski, T. M., Gippoliti, S., Kingdon, J. & De Jong, Y. (2008). Chlorocebus djamdjamensis. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  15. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Chlorocebus tantalus". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 160. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  16. ↑ Kingdon, J. & Gippoliti, S. (2008). Chlorocebus tantalus. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  17. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Chlorocebus pygerythrus". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 159. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  18. ↑ Kingdon, J., Gippoliti, S., Butynski, T.M. & De Jong, Y. (2008). "Chlorocebus pygerythrus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.1. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Retrieved 11 April 2010.
  19. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Chlorocebus cynosuros". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 159. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  20. ↑ Butynski, T. M. (2008). Chlorocebus cynosuros. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  21. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Cercopithecus dryas". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 156. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  22. ↑ Hart, J., Butynski, T.M. & Hurley, M. (2008). Cercopithecus dryas. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 12 November 2008.
  23. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Cercopithecus diana". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 155. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  24. ↑ Oates, J. F., Gippoliti, S. & Groves, C. P. (2008). Cercopithecus diana. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  25. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Cercopithecus roloway". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 158. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  26. ↑ Oates, J. F., Gippoliti, S. & Groves, C. P. (2008). Cercopithecus diana ssp. roloway. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  27. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Cercopithecus nictitans". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 157. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  28. ↑ Oates, J. F. & Groves, C. P. (2008). Cercopithecus nictitans. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  29. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Cercopithecus mitis". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 157. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  30. ↑ Kingdon, J., Gippoliti, S., Butynski, T. M., Lawes, M. J., Eeley, H., Lehn, C. & De Jong, Y. (2008). Cercopithecus mitis. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  31. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Cercopithecus doggetti". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 155. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  32. ↑ Kingdon, J. & Butynski, T. M. (2008). Cercopithecus mitis ssp. doggetti. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  33. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Cercopithecus kandti". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 156. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  34. ↑ Butynski, T. M. (2008). Cercopithecus mitis ssp. kandti. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  35. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Cercopithecus albogularis". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 154. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  36. ↑ Kingdon, J., Butynski, T. M. & De Jong, Y. (2008). Cercopithecus mitis ssp. albogularis. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  37. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Cercopithecus mona". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 157. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  38. ↑ Oates, J. F., Gippoliti, S. & Groves, C. P. (2008). Cercopithecus mona. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  39. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Cercopithecus campbelli". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 155. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  40. ↑ Oates, J. F., Gippoliti, S. & Groves, C. P. (2008). Cercopithecus campbelli. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  41. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Cercopithecus lowei". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 155. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  42. ↑ Oates, J. F., Gippoliti, S. & Groves, C. P. (2008). Cercopithecus campbelli ssp. lowei. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  43. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Cercopithecus pogonias". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 158. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  44. ↑ Oates, J. F., Hart, J., Butynski, T. & Groves, C. P. (2008). Cercopithecus pogonias. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  45. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Cercopithecus wolfi". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 158. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  46. ↑ Oates, J. F., Hart, J. & Groves, C. P. (2008). Cercopithecus pogonias ssp. wolfi. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  47. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Cercopithecus denti". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 158. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  48. ↑ Oates, J. F., Hart, J. & Groves, C. P. (2008). Cercopithecus pogonias ssp. denti. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  49. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Cercopithecus petaurista". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 157. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  50. ↑ Oates, J. F., Gippoliti, S. & Groves, C. P. (2008). Cercopithecus petaurista. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  51. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Cercopithecus erythrogaster". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 156. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  52. ↑ Oates, J. F., Gippoliti, S. & Bearder, S. (2008). Cercopithecus erythrogaster. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  53. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Cercopithecus sclateri". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 158. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  54. ↑ Oates, J. F., Baker, L. R. & Tooze, Z. J. (2008). Cercopithecus sclateri. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 5 November 2008.
  55. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Cercopithecus erythrotis". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 156. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  56. ↑ Oates, J. F., Gippoliti, S. & Groves, C. P. (2008). Cercopithecus erythrotis. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
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  72. ↑ Butynski, T. M., Cortes, J., Water, S., Fa, J., Hobbelink, M. E., van Lavieren, E., Belbachir, F., Cuzin, F., de Smet, K., Mouna, M., de Iongh, H., Menard, N. & Camperio-Ciani, A. (2008). Macaca sylvanus. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
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  165. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Semnopithecus dussumieri". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 174. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
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  168. ↑ Molur, S., Singh, M. & Kumar, A. (2008). Semnopithecus priam. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  169. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Trachypithecus vetulus". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 178. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  170. ↑ Dittus, W., Molur, S. & Nekaris, A. (2008). Trachypithecus vetulus. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  171. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Trachypithecus johnii". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 178. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  172. ↑ Singh, M., Kumar, A. & Molur, S. (2008). Trachypithecus johnii. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  173. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Trachypithecus auratus". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 175. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  174. ↑ Nijman, V. & Supriatna, J. (2008). Trachypithecus auratus. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  175. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Trachypithecus cristatus". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 176. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  176. ↑ Nijman, V. & Meijaard, E. (2008). Trachypithecus cristatus. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  177. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Trachypithecus germaini". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 176. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  178. ↑ Nadler, T., Timmins, R. J. & Richardson, M. (2008). Trachypithecus germaini. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  179. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Trachypithecus barbei". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 176. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  180. ↑ Groves, C. P., Brockelman, W. & Geissman, T. (2008). Trachypithecus barbei. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  181. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Trachypithecus obscurus". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 177. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  182. ↑ Boonratana, R., Traeholt, C., Brockelmann, W. & Htun, S. (2008). Trachypithecus obscurus. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  183. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Trachypithecus phayrei". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 178. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  184. ↑ Bleisch, B., Brockelman, W., Timmins, R. J., Nadler, T., Thun, S., Das, J. & Yongcheng, L. (2008). Trachypithecus phayrei. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  185. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Trachypithecus pileatus". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 177. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  186. ↑ Das, J., Molur, S. & Bleisch, W. (2008). Trachypithecus pileatus. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 2008-12-15.
  187. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Trachypithecus shortridgei". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 177. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  188. ↑ Htun, S., Yongcheng, L. & Richardson, M. (2008). Trachypithecus shortridgei. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  189. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Trachypithecus geei". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 177. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  190. ↑ Das, J., Medhi, R. & Molur, S. (2008). Trachypithecus geei. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  191. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Trachypithecus francoisi". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 176. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  192. ↑ Bleisch, B., Manh Ha, N., Khat Quyet, L. & Yongcheng, L. (2008). Trachypithecus francoisi. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  193. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Trachypithecus hatinhensis". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 177. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  194. ↑ Xuan Canh, L., Khac Quyet, L., Thanh Hai, D. & Timmins, R. J. (2008). Trachypithecus hatinhensis. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  195. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Trachypithecus poliocephalus". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 177. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  196. ↑ Bleisch, B., Xuan Canh, L., Covert, B. & Yongcheng, L. (2008). Trachypithecus poliocephalus. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  197. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Trachypithecus laotum". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 177. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  198. ↑ Timmins, R. J. & Boonratana, R. (2008). Trachypithecus laotum. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  199. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Trachypithecus delacouri". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 177. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  200. ↑ Nadler, T., Xuan Canh, L., Ngoc Thanh, V. & Khac Quyet, L. (2008). Trachypithecus delacouri. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  201. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Trachypithecus ebenus". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 177. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  202. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Presbytis melalophos". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 171–172. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  203. ↑ Nijman, V. & Manullang, B. (2008). Presbytis melalophos. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  204. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Presbytis femoralis". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 171. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  205. ↑ Nijman, V., Geissman, T. & Meijaard, E. (2008). Presbytis femoralis. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 2008-12-12.
  206. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Presbytis chrysomelas". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 170. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  207. ↑ Nijman, V., Hon, J. & Richardson, M. (2008). Presbytis chrysomelas. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 2008-12-12.
  208. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Presbytis siamensis". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 172. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  209. ↑ Nijman, V., Geissman, T. & Meijaard, E. (2008). Presbytis siamensis. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 2008-12-12.
  210. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Presbytis frontata". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 171. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  211. ↑ Meijaard, E. & Nijman, V. (2008). Presbytis frontata. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  212. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Presbytis comata". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 171. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  213. ↑ Nijman, V. & Richardson, M. (2008). Presbytis comata. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  214. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Presbytis thomasi". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 172. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  215. ↑ Supriatna, J. & Mittermeier, R. A. (2008). Presbytis thomasi. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  216. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Presbytis hosei". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 171. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  217. ↑ Nijman, V., Meijaard, E. & Hon, J. (2008). Presbytis hosei. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  218. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Presbytis rubicunda". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 172. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  219. ↑ Nijman, V. & Meijaard, E. (2008). Presbytis rubicunda. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 2008-12-12.
  220. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Presbytis potenziani". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 172. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  221. ↑ Whittaker, D. & Mittermeier, R. A. (2008). Presbytis potenziani. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  222. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Presbytis natunae". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 172. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  223. ↑ Nijman, V. & Lammertink, M. (2008). Presbytis natunae. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 2008-12-12.
  224. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Pygathrix nemaeus". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 173. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  225. ↑ Ngoc Thanh, V., Lippold, L., Timmons, R. J. & Manh Ha, N. (2008). Pygathrix nemaeus. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  226. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Pygathrix nigripes". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 173. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  227. ↑ Rawson, B., Lippold, L., Timmins, R., Ngoc Thanh, V. & Manh Ha, N. (2008). Pygathrix nigripes. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  228. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Pygathrix cinerea". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 173. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  229. ↑ Ngoc Thanh, V., Lippold, L., Nadler, T. & Timmons, R. J. (2008). Pygathrix cinerea. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  230. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Rhinopithecus roxellana". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 174. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  231. ↑ Yongcheng, L. & Richardson, M. (2008). Rhinopithecus roxellana. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  232. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Rhinopithecus bieti". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 173. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  233. ↑ Bleisch, W. & Richardson, M. (2008). Rhinopithecus bieti. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  234. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Rhinopithecus brelichi". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 174. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  235. ↑ Bleisch, W., Yongcheng, L. & Richardson, M. (2008). Rhinopithecus brelichi. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  236. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Rhinopithecus avunculus". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 173. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  237. ↑ Xuan Canh, L., Khac Quyet, L., Thanh Hai, D. & Boonratana, R. (2008). Rhinopithecus avunculus. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 5 November 2008.
  238. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Nasalis larvatus". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 168–169. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  239. ↑ Meijaard, E., Nijman, V. & Supriatna, J. (2008). Nasalis larvatus. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  240. ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). "Simias concolor". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 175. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  241. ↑ Whittaker, D. & Mittermeier, R. A. (2008). Simias concolor. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
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