List of Prime Ministers of Spain

Kingdom of Spain

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The following is the list of those who have served as President of the Government (i.e., the Prime Minister) of Spain. It also includes similar offices presiding over the Council of Ministries since the position gained a significant power.

Kingdom of Spain (1705–1873)

Secretaries of the Universal Bureau

Name	From	Until	Monarch (Reign)
Pedro Fernández del Campo y Angulo, Marquis of Mejorada	11 July 1705	15 April 1714	King Philip V (1700–1724)
Manuel de Vadillo y Velasco	15 April 1714	30 November 1714
José de Grimaldo y Gutiérrez de Solórzano Marquis of Grimaldo (1st time)	30 November 1714	14 January 1724
Juan Bautista de Orendáin y Azpilicueta (1st time)	14 January 1724	4 September 1724	King Louis I (1724)
José de Grimaldo y Gutiérrez de Solórzano Marquis of Grimaldo (2nd time)	4 September 1724	12 December 1725	King Philip V (1724–1746)
Juan Guillermo Ripperdá Duke and Baron of Ripperdá	12 December 1725	14 April 1726
José de Grimaldo y Gutiérrez de Solórzano Marquis of Grimaldo (3rd time)	14 April 1726	1 October 1726
Juan Bautista Orendáin y Azpilicueta Marquis of La Paz (2nd time)	1 October 1726	21 November 1734

First Secretaries of State

Name	From	Until	Monarch (Reign)
José de Patiño y Rosales	21 November 1734	3 November 1736	King Philip V (1724–1746)
Sebastián de la Cuadra y Llerena 1st Marquis of Villarías	26 November 1736	4 December 1746	King Philip V (1724–1746)
José de Carvajal y Lancaster	4 December 1746	9 April 1754	King Ferdinand VI (1746–1759)
Fernando de Silva Mendoza y Toledo Duke of Hueścar	9 April 1754	15 May 1754
Ricardo Wall y Devreux	15 May 1754	10 August 1759
Ricardo Wall y Devreux	10 August 1759	9 October 1763	King Charles III (1759–1788)
Pablo Jerónimo de Grimaldi y Pallavicini Duke of Grimaldi	9 October 1763	19 February 1777
José Moñino y Redondo Count of Floridablanca	19 February 1777	14 December 1788
José Moñino y Redondo Count of Floridablanca	14 December 1788	28 February 1792	King Charles IV (1788–1808)
Pedro Pablo Abarca de Bolea y Ximénez de Urrea Count of Aranda Acting First Secretary of State	28 February 1792	15 November 1792
Manuel de Godoy y Álvarez de Faria Duke of Alcudia	15 November 1792	28 March 1798
Francisco Saavedra de Sangronis Acting First Secretary of State until 6 September 1798	30 March 1798	21 February 1799
Mariano Luis de Urquijo y Muga Acting First Secretary of State	12 February 1799	13 December 1799
Pedro Cevallos Guerra (1st time)	13 December 1799	3 March 1808
Gonzalo O'Farrill y Herrera Acting First Secretary of State	3 March 1808	19 March 1808
Pedro Cevallos Guerra (2nd time)	19 March 1808	7 July 1808	King Ferdinand VII (1808)
Mariano Luis de Urquijo y Muga (2nd time)	7 July 1808	27 June 1813	King Joseph I (1808–1813)
Juan O'Donoju O'Ryan Acting First Secretary of State	10 October 1813	17 October 1813
Fernando de Laserna Acting First Secretary of State	17 October 1813	3 December 1813
José Luyando Acting First Secretary of State	3 December 1813	4 May 1814	King Ferdinand VII (1813–1833)
José Miguel de Carvajal-Vargas y Manrique de Lara Duke of San Carlos	4 May 1814	15 November 1814
Pedro Cevallos Guerra (3rd time)	15 November 1814	24 January 1816
Juan Esteban Lozano de Torres	24 January 1816	26 January 1816
Pedro Cevallos Guerra (4th time)	26 January 1816	30 October 1816
José García de León y Pizarro	30 October 1816	14 September 1818
Carlos Martínez de Irujo y Tacón Marquis of Casa Irujo Acting First Secretary of State	14 September 1818	12 June 1819
Manuel González Salmón y Gómez de Torres Acting First Secretary of State	12 June 1819	12 September 1819
Joaquín José Melgarejo y Saurín Duke of San Fernando de Quiroga	12 September 1819	18 March 1820
Juan Jabat Aztal Acting First Secretary of State	18 March 1820
Evaristo Pérez de Castro y Brito	18 March 1820	2 March 1821
Joaquín Anduaga Cuenca Acting First Secretary of State	2 March 1821	23 April 1821
Francisco de Paula Escudero Acting First Secretary of State	23 April 1821
Eusebio Bardají y Azara	23 April 1821	8 January 1822
Ramón López Pelegrín Acting First Secretary of State	8 January 1822	24 January 1822
José Gabriel de Silva y Bazán Marquis of Santa Cruz	24 January 1822	30 January 1822
Ramón López Pelegrín Acting First Secretary of State	30 January 1822	28 February 1822
Francisco Martínez de la Rosa	28 February 1822	5 August 1822
Evaristo Fernández San Miguel y Valledor Acting First Secretary of State from 28 February 1822	5 August 1822	25 April 1823
José Manuel Vadillo Acting First Secretary of State	25 April 1823	7 May 1823
Santiago Usoz y Mozi Acting First Secretary of State	7 May 1823	13 May 1823
José María Pando de la Riva y Ramírez de Laredo	13 May 1823	29 August 1823
Luis María de Salazar y Salazar Acting First Secretary of State	29 August 1823	4 September 1823
Juan Antonio Yandiola Garay Acting First Secretary of State	4 September 1823	6 September 1823
José Luyando (2nd time)	6 September 1823	1 October 1823
Víctor Damián Sáez y Sánchez-Mayor Acting First Secretary of State until 7 August 1823 (counter-government until 1 October 1823.)	25 April 1823	2 December 1823
Carlos Martínez de Irujo y Tacón Marquis of Casa Irujo (2nd time)	2 December 1823	18 January 1824
Narciso Fernández de Heredia y Begines de los Ríos Count of Ofalia	18 January 1824	11 July 1824
Luis María de Salazar y Salazar Acting First Secretary of State	11 July 1824
Francisco Cea Bermúdez (1st time)	11 July 1824	24 October 1825
Pedro Alcantara Álvarez de Toledo y Salm Salm Duke of the Infantado	24 October 1825	19 August 1826
Manuel González Salmón y Gómez de Torres Acting First Secretary of State until 15 October 1830	19 August 1826	20 January 1832
Francisco Tadeo Calomarde y Arría Acting First Secretary of State	20 January 1832	22 February 1832
Antonio de Saavedra y Frígola, conde de Alcudia Acting First Secretary of State	22 February 1832	1 October 1832
José Cafranga Costilla Acting First Secretary of State	1 October 1832	29 November 1832
Francisco Cea Bermúdez (2nd time)	29 November 1832	15 January 1834

Prime Ministers (Presidents of the Council of Ministers)

Political Persuasion: No affiliation Liberal conservative Social democrat Liberal progressive Centrist Military

Name	From	Until	Political Party	Monarch (Reign)
Francisco Martínez de la Rosa	15 January 1834	7 June 1835	Moderate Royalist	Queen Dowager Maria Christina Regent for Queen Isabella II (1833–1840)
José María Queipo de Llano Ruiz de Saravia Count of Toreno	7 June 1835	14 September 1835	Moderate Royalist
Miguel Ricardo de Álava Esquivel (rejected his nomination, staying as the Spanish ambassador in London.)	14 September 1835	25 September 1835	Progressive
Juan Álvarez Mendizabal	25 September 1835	15 May 1836	Progressive
Francisco Javier Isturiz y Montero Acting Prime Minister (1st time)	15 May 1836	14 August 1836	Moderate
José María Calatrava Acting Prime Minister	14 August 1836	18 August 1837	Progressive
Baldomero Espartero Count of Luchana (1st time)	18 August 1837	18 October 1837	Progressive
Eusebio Bardají y Azara	18 October 1837	16 December 1837	Moderate
Narciso de Heredia y Begines de los Ríos Count of Ofalia	16 December 1837	6 September 1838
Bernardino Fernández de Velasco, 14th Duke of Frías	6 September 1838	9 December 1838
Isidro de Alaix Fábregas Acting Prime Minister	9 December 1838
Evaristo Pérez de Castro Brito	9 December 1838	18 July 1840
Antonio González y González (1st time)	20 July 1840	12 August 1840	Progressive
Valentín Ferraz y Barrau	12 August 1840	28 August 1840	Progressive
Modesto Cortázar Acting Prime Minister	29 August 1840	11 September 1840	Moderate
Vicente Sancho	11 September 1840	16 September 1840	Moderate
Baldomero Espartero Duke of Victory (2nd time)	16 September 1840	10 May 1841	Progressive	Baldomero Espartero Regent for Queen Isabella II (1840–1843)
Joaquín María de Ferrer y Cafranga	10 May 1841	20 May 1841
Antonio González y González (2nd time)	20 May 1841	17 June 1842
José Ramón Rodil y Campillo Marquis of Rodil	17 June 1842	9 May 1843
Joaquín María López (1st time)	9 May 1843	19 May 1843
Álvaro Gómez Becerra	19 May 1843	23 July 1843
Joaquín María López (2nd time)	23 July 1843	20 November 1843		Queen Isabella II (1833/1843–1868)
Salustiano Olózaga	20 November 1843	5 December 1843	Moderate
Luis González Bravo (1st time)	5 December 1843	3 May 1844	Progressive
Ramón María Narváez Duke of Valencia (1st time)	3 May 1844	12 February 1846	Moderate (Década Moderada)
Manuel Pando Fernández de Pinedo Marquis of Miraflores (1st time)	12 February 1846	16 March 1846
Ramón María Narváez Duke of Valencia (2nd time)	16 March 1846	5 April 1846
Francisco Javier Isturiz y Montero (2nd time)	5 April 1846	28 January 1847
Carlos Martínez de Irujo Marquis of Casa Irujo, Duke of Sotomayor	28 January 1847	28 March 1847
Joaquín Francisco Pacheco y Gutiérrez Calderón	28 March 1847	31 August 1847
José de Salamanca y Mayol	31 August 1847	12 September 1847
Florencio García Goyena	12 September 1847	4 October 1847
Ramón María Narváez Duke of Valencia (3rd time)	4 October 1847	19 October 1849
Serafín María de Sotto, 3rd Count of Clonard (appointment revoked before he could take office.)	19 October 1849	20 October 1849
Ramón María Narváez Duke of Valencia (4th time)	20 October 1849	14 January 1851
Juan Bravo Murillo	14 January 1851	14 December 1852
Federico de Roncali, 1st Count of Alcoy	14 December 1852	14 April 1853
Francisco de Lersundi y Hormaechea	14 April 1853	19 September 1853
Luis José Sartorius Count of San Luis	19 September 1853	17 July 1854
Fernando Fernández de Córdova	17 July 1854	18 July 1854
Ángel de Saavedra y Ramírez de Baquedano Duke of Rivas	18 July 1854	19 July 1854
Baldomero Espartero Duke of Victory (3rd time)	19 July 1854	14 July 1856	Progressive
Leopoldo O'Donnell y Jorris (1st time)	14 July 1856	12 October 1856	Unión Liberal
Ramón María Narváez Duke of Valencia (5th time)	12 October 1856	15 October 1857	Moderate
Francisco Armero y Peñaranda Marquis of Nervión	15 October 1857	14 January 1858
Francisco Javier Isturiz y Montero (3rd time)	14 January 1858	30 June 1858
Leopoldo O'Donnell y Jorris (2nd time)	30 June 1858	2 March 1863	Unión Liberal
Manuel Pando Fernández de Pinedo Marquis of Miraflores (2nd time)	2 March 1863	17 January 1864	Moderate
Lorenzo Arrazola y García	17 January 1864	1 March 1864	Moderate
Alejandro Mon Menéndez	1 March 1864	16 September 1864	Unión Liberal
Ramón María Narváez Duke of Valencia (6th time)	16 September 1864	21 June 1865	Moderate
Leopoldo O'Donnell y Jorris (3rd time)	21 June 1865	10 July 1866	Unión Liberal
Ramón María Narváez Duke of Valencia (7th time)	10 July 1866	23 April 1868	Moderate
Luis González Bravo (2nd time)	23 April 1868	19 September 1868	Progressive
José Gutiérrez de la Concha, 1st Marquis of Havana	19 September 1868	30 September 1868	Moderate
Pascual Madoz Acting Prime Minister	30 September 1868	3 October 1868		No formal Head of State
Francisco Serrano y Domínguez Duke of La Torre, Count of San Antonio (1st time)	3 October 1868	18 June 1869	Liberal Union	No formal Head of State
General Juan Prim y Prats Marquis of Los Castillejos, Count of Reus, Viscount of Bruch	18 June 1869	27 December 1870	Progressist Liberal	Regent Francisco Serrano y Domínguez (1869–1870)
Juan Bautista Topete y Carballo Acting Prime Minister	27 December 1870	4 January 1871	Liberal Union	King Amadeo (1870–1873)
Francisco Serrano y Domínguez Duke of La Torre, Count of San Antonio (2nd time)	4 January 1871	24 July 1871	Liberal Union
Manuel Ruiz Zorrilla (1st time)	24 July 1871	5 October 1871	Democratic
José Malcampo y Monge Marquis of San Rafael, Count of Jolo	5 October 1871	21 December 1871	Democratic
Práxedes Mateo Sagasta (1st time)	12 December 1871	26 May 1872	Progressist Liberal
Juan Bautista Topete y Carballo Acting Prime Minister	26 May 1872	4 June 1872	Liberal Union
Francisco Serrano y Domínguez Duke of La Torre, Count of San Antonio (3rd time)	4 June 1872	13 June 1872	Liberal Union
Fernando Fernández de Córdova Acting Prime Minister	13 June 1872	16 June 1872	Moderate Liberal
Manuel Ruiz Zorrilla (2nd time)	16 June 1872	12 February 1873	Democratic-Republican

First Spanish Republic (1873–1874)

Prime Ministers (Presidents of the Provisional Government)

Political Persuasion: No affiliation Liberal conservative Social democrat Liberal progressive Centrist Military

Name	From	Until	Political leaning	Head of State (Term)
Estanislao Figueras y Moragas	12 February 1873	11 June 1873	Federal republican	Prime Minister was also Head of State
Francisco Pi y Margall	11 June 1873	18 July 1873	Federal republican
Nicolás Salmerón Alonso	18 July 1873	7 September 1873	Moderate republican
Emilio Castelar y Ripoll	7 September 1873	4 January 1874	Unitary republican
Francisco Serrano y Domínguez (4th time)	4 January 1874	26 February 1874	Conservative republican dictatorship
Juan de Zavala y de la Puente	26 February 1874	3 September 1874	Conservative republican dictatorship
Práxedes Mateo Sagasta (2nd time)	3 September 1874	30 December 1874	Liberal

↓Amadeo I abdicates.
Republic declared

↓Catalonia claims
statehood

↓Seville declares itself a Canton
The cantonal revolution starts

↓Military coup by Gen. Pavía

↓Coup by Gen. Martínez Campos.
Monarchy restored in Alfonso XII

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1873

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1874

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1875

Prime Ministers of Spain during the First Republic

Kingdom of Spain (First restoration, 1874–1931)

Prime Ministers (Presidents of the Council of Ministers)

Political Persuasion: No affiliation Liberal conservative Social democrat Liberal progressive Centrist Military

Name	From	Until	Political Party	Monarch (Reign)
Antonio Cánovas del Castillo (1st time)	31 December 1874	12 September 1875	Conservative	King Alfonso XII (1874–1885)
Joaquín Jovellar y Soler	12 September 1875	2 December 1875
Antonio Cánovas del Castillo (2nd time)	2 December 1875	7 March 1879
Arsenio Martínez Campos	7 March 1879	9 December 1879
Antonio Cánovas del Castillo (3rd time)	9 December 1879	8 February 1881
Práxedes Mateo Sagasta (3rd time)	8 February 1881	13 October 1883	Liberal
José Posada Herrera	13 October 1883	18 January 1884	Liberal
Antonio Cánovas del Castillo (4th time)	18 January 1884	27 November 1885	Conservative
Práxedes Mateo Sagasta (4th time)	27 November 1885	5 July 1890	Liberal	Queen Dowager Maria Christina Regent for King Alfonso XIII (1886–1902)
Antonio Cánovas del Castillo (5th time)	5 July 1890	11 December 1892	Conservative
Práxedes Mateo Sagasta (5th time)	11 December 1892	23 March 1895	Liberal
Antonio Cánovas del Castillo (6th time)	23 March 1895	8 August 1897	Conservative
Marcelo Azcárraga Palmero Acting Prime Minister until 21 August 1897 (1st time)	8 August 1897	4 October 1897	Conservative
Práxedes Mateo Sagasta (6th time)	4 October 1897	4 March 1899	Liberal
Francisco Silvela y de le Vielleuze (1st time)	4 March 1899	23 October 1900	Conservative
Marcelo Azcárraga Palmero (2nd time)	23 October 1900	6 March 1901	Conservative
Práxedes Mateo Sagasta (7th time)	6 March 1901	6 December 1902	Liberal
Francisco Silvela y de le Vielleuze (2nd time)	6 December 1902	20 July 1903	Conservative	King Alfonso XIII (1886/1902–1931)
Raimundo Fernández Villaverde (1st time)	20 July 1903	5 December 1903
Antonio Maura y Montaner (1st time)	5 December 1903	16 December 1904
Marcelo Azcárraga Palmero (3rd time)	16 December 1904	27 January 1905
Raimundo Fernández Villaverde (2nd time)	27 January 1905	23 June 1905
Eugenio Montero Ríos	23 June 1905	1 December 1905	Liberal
Segismundo Moret y Prendergast (1st time)	1 December 1905	6 July 1906
José López Domínguez	6 July 1906	30 November 1906
Segismundo Moret y Prendergast (2nd time)	30 November 1906	4 December 1906
Antonio González de Aguilar y Correa Marquis of Vega de Armijo	4 December 1906	25 January 1907
Antonio Maura y Montaner (2nd time)	25 January 1907	21 October 1909	Conservative
Segismundo Moret y Prendergast (3rd time)	21 October 1909	9 February 1910	Liberal
José Canalejas y Méndez	9 February 1910	12 November 1912
Manuel García Prieto Marquis of Alhucemas Acting Prime Minister (1st time)	12 November 1912	14 November 1912
Álvaro Figueroa y Torres Mendieta Count of Romanones (1st time)	14 November 1912	27 October 1913
Eduardo Dato e Iradier (1st time)	27 October 1913	9 December 1915	Conservative
Álvaro Figueroa y Torres Mendieta Count of Romanones (2nd time)	9 December 1915	19 April 1917	Liberal
Manuel García Prieto Marquis of Alhucemas (2nd time)	19 April 1917	11 June 1917	Liberal-Democratic
Eduardo Dato e Iradier (2nd time)	11 June 1917	3 November 1917	Conservative
Manuel García Prieto Marquis of Alhucemas (3rd time)	3 November 1917	22 March 1918	Liberal-Democratic (Concentration government)
Antonio Maura y Montaner (3rd time)	22 March 1918	9 November 1918	Conservative (Concentration government)
Manuel García Prieto Marquis of Alhucemas (4th time)	9 November 1918	5 December 1918	Liberal-Democratic
Álvaro Figueroa y Torres Mendieta Count of Romanones (3rd time)	5 December 1918	15 April 1919	Liberal
Antonio Maura y Montaner (4th time)	15 April 1919	20 July 1919	Conservative (Concentration government)
Joaquín Sánchez de Toca Calvo	20 July 1919	12 December 1919	Conservative
Manuel Allendesalazar (1st time)	12 December 1919	5 May 1920
Eduardo Dato e Iradier (3rd time)	5 May 1920	8 March 1921
Gabino Bugallal Araújo Count of Bugallal Acting Prime Minister	8 March 1921	13 March 1921
Manuel Allendesalazar (2nd time)	13 March 1921	14 August 1921
Antonio Maura y Montaner (5th time)	14 August 1921	8 March 1922	Conservative (Concentration government)
José Sánchez-Guerra y Martínez	8 March 1922	7 December 1922	Conservative
Manuel García Prieto Marquis of Alhucemas (5th time)	7 December 1922	15 September 1923	Liberal-Democratic
General Miguel Primo de Rivera y Orbaneja Army Captain General, Marquis of Estella and Ajdir (Head of the Military Directory until 3 December 1925.)	15 September 1923	30 January 1930	Military Dictatorship
Dámaso Berenguer Count of Xauén, Army General	30 January 1930	18 February 1931	Military "Dictablanda"
Juan Bautista Aznar-Cabañas Navy Admiral	18 February 1931	14 April 1931	Military "Dictablanda"

↓Third Carlist War finishes.
Carlist pretender defeated.

↓King Alfonso XII dies while his only son
would not be born until 6 months later.

Posada

King Alfonso XII

Regent Queen Dowager Maria Christina

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1875

│

1876

│

1877

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1878

│

1879

│

1880

│

1881

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1882

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1883

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1884

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1885

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1886

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1887

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1888

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1889

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1890

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1891

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1892

│

1893

↓PM Cánovas is assassinated
by anarchist Michele Angiolillo

↓Spanish–American War erupts
Spain loses its last colonies.

↓King Alfonso XIII is declared
of age at his 16th birthday.

Regent Queen Dowager Maria Christina

King Alfonso XIII

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1893

│

1894

│

1895

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1896

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1897

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1898

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1899

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1900

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1901

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1902

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1903

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1904

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1905

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1906

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1907

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1908

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1909

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1910

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1911

│

1912

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1913

↓PM Canalejas is assassinated
by anarchist Manuel Pardiñas

↓Commonwealth of Catalonia formed

↓PM Dato is assassinated
by three Catalan anarchists

↓Coup by Gen. Primo de Rivera
is met with acceptance by the King

King Alfonso XIII

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1912

│

1913

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1914

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1915

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1916

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1917

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1918

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1919

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1920

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1921

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1922

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1923

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1924

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1925

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1926

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1927

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1928

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1929

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1930

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1931

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1932

Prime Ministers of Spain during the Bourbon Restoration

Second Spanish Republic (1931–1939)

Prime Ministers (Presidents of the Council of Ministers)

Parties

DLR AR PRR Independent IR UR PSOE

Coalitions

Centrist coalition Centre-right coalition Centre-left coalition Mixed coalition

Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Term of office			Political Party	Government	Composition	Legislature	President (Term)
Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Took office	Left office	Days	Political Party	Government	Composition	Legislature	President (Term)
	Niceto Alcalá-Zamora (1877–1949)	14 April 1931	14 October 1931	183	Liberal Republican Right	II Rep. 1 Alcalá-Zamora	PSOE-PRR-PRRS-AR-DLR-FRG-PCR	Provisional	Vacant
	Niceto Alcalá-Zamora (1877–1949)	President of the Provisional Government of the Second Spanish Republic. Writing of the Spanish Constitution of 1931. 1931 Burning of Convents.						Provisional	Vacant
	Manuel Azaña (1880–1940)	14 October 1931	16 December 1931	699	Republican Action	II Rep. 2 Azaña I	PSOE-PRR-PRRS-AR-FRG-PCR	I (1931)	Niceto Alcalá-Zamora (1931–1936)
		16 December 1931	12 June 1933			II Rep. 3 Azaña II	PSOE-ERC-PRRS-AR-FRG
		12 June 1933	12 September 1933			II.Rep 4 Azaña III	PSOE-ERC-PRRS-AR-FRG-PRF
		1931–33 "Reformist Biennium". Spanish Constitution of 1931 adopted. 1932 failed coup d'état. 1932 Catalonia Statute of Autonomy. 1933 Casas Viejas incident. Extension of suffrage to women in 1933. 1933 Law Confessions and Religious Congregations Law. Growing parliamentary opposition resulted in his dismissal by President Alcalá-Zamora.
	Alejandro Lerroux (1864–1949)	12 September 1933	9 October 1933	27	Radical Republican Party	Lerroux I	PRR-PRRS-ERC-AR-FRG-IRS
	Alejandro Lerroux (1864–1949)	Named to the post after Azaña's resignation. Resigned after failing to form a stable government.
	Diego Martínez Barrio (1883–1962)	9 October 1933	16 December 1933	68	Radical Republican Party	Martínez Barrio I	PRR-PRRS-ERC-AR-FRG-PRP-IRS
	Diego Martínez Barrio (1883–1962)	Named to the post to organize the 1933 election.
	Alejandro Lerroux (1864–1949)	16 December 1933	28 April 1934	133	Radical Republican Party	Lerroux II	PRR-PAE-PRP-PRLD-PG	II (1933)
	Alejandro Lerroux (1864–1949)	Start of the 1933–35 "Conservative Biennium". Elected to the post after reaching a parliamentary agreement with the Spanish Confederation of the Autonomous Right (CEDA). Resigned after Alcalá-Zamora's refusal to sign an amnesty decree for the military personnel involved in the 1932 coupt d'etat attempt.
	Ricardo Samper (1881–1938)	28 April 1934	4 October 1934	159	Radical Republican Party	Samper	PRR-PAE-PRP-PRLD-PG
	Ricardo Samper (1881–1938)	Succeeded Lerroux after his resignation. Served for a few months before the CEDA withdrew support from him because of his perceived weakness to deal with social problems.
	Alejandro Lerroux (1864–1949)	4 October 1934	25 September 1935	356	Radical Republican Party	Lerroux III	CEDA-PRR-PAE-PRLD-PG
		3 April 1935	6 May 1935			Lerroux IV	PRR-PRP
		6 May 1935	25 September 1935			Lerroux V	CEDA-PRR-PAE-PRLD-PRP
		CEDA's entry into the government. Revolution of 1934, 1934 Asturian miners' strike and Events of October the 6th. Suspension of the Catalonia Statute of Autonomy. Resigned because of the 1935 Straperlo scandal.
	Joaquín Chapaprieta (1871–1951)	25 September 1935	14 December 1935	80	Independent	Chapaprieta	CEDA-PRR-PAE-LRC-PRP
	Joaquín Chapaprieta (1871–1951)	Succeeded Lerroux. Served for a few months before resigning as a result of the CEDA and the PRR withdrawing support from the government.
	Manuel Portela (1867–1952)	14 December 1935	30 December 1936	67	Independent	Portela I	LRC-PRP-Independents
		30 December 1935	19 February 1936	67	Independent	Portela II	Independents
		Named to the post to organize the 1936 election.
	Manuel Azaña (1880–1940)	19 February 1936	10 May 1936	81	Republican Left	Azaña IV	Popular Front (IR-UR)	III (1936)
	Manuel Azaña (1880–1940)	Elected to the post after the Popular Front victory in the 1936 election. Left the office to becoem President of the Republic.
	Augusto Barcía (1881–1961)	10 May 1936	13 May 1936	3	Republican Left	Azaña IV	Popular Front (IR-UR)		Manuel Azaña (1936–1939)
	Augusto Barcía (1881–1961)	Acting PM after Azaña's resignation.
	Santiago Casares Quiroga (1884–1950)	13 May 1936	19 July 1936	67	Republican Left	Casares Quiroja	Popular Front (IR-UR-ERC)
	Santiago Casares Quiroga (1884–1950)	Spanish coup of July 1936. Start of 1936–39 Spanish Civil War and 1936–37 Spanish Revolution. Resigned after not being able to acknowledge the threat of the coup in time.
	Diego Martínez Barrio (1883–1962)	19 July 1936	19 July 1936	0	Republican Union	Martínez Barrio II	Popular Front (IR-UR-ERC)
	Diego Martínez Barrio (1883–1962)	Named to the post in order to convince coup leaders to stand down their weapons and surrender. Resigned after realising that civil war was inevitable.
	José Giral (1879–1962)	19 July 1936	4 September 1936	47	Republican Left	Giral	Popular Front (IR-UR-ERC)
	José Giral (1879–1962)	1936 Siege of the Alcázas and Extremaduran and Gipuzkoa campaigns.
	Francisco Largo Caballero (1869–1946)	4 September 1936	4 November 1936	302	Spanish Socialist Workers' Party	Caballero I	Popular Front (PSOE-IR-UR-ERC-PCE-PNV)
		4 November 1936	17 May 1937	302	Spanish Socialist Workers' Party	Caballero II	Popular Front (PSOE-IR-UR-ERC-PCE-PNV-CNT)
		1936 Siege of Madrid. 1937 Battles of Jarama and Guadalajara, Biscay Campaign, start of the War in the North. 1937 May Days.
	Juan Negrín (1892–1956)	17 May 1937	5 April 1938	684	Spanish Socialist Workers' Party	Negrín I	Popular Front (PSOE-IR-UR-ERC-PCE-PNV)
		5 April 1938	1 April 1939	684	Spanish Socialist Workers' Party	Negrín II	Popular Front (PSOE-IR-UR-ERC-PCE-PNV-PSUC-CNT)
		1937 Battles of Belchite and Brunete. 1937 Asturias and Zaragoza Offensives. 1937–38 Battle of Teruel. 1938 Aragon and Levante Offensives. 1938 Battle of the Ebro. 1938–39 Battle of the Segre. 1939 Catalonia and Final Offensives. Republican faction surrender and end of the Civil War.

Spanish Republican government in exile (1939–1977)

Prime Ministers in exile:

Juan Negrín López (4 March 1939 – 17 August 1945)
José Giral Pereyra (17 August 1945 – 9 February 1947)
Rodolfo Llopis Ferrándiz (9 February 1947 – 8 August 1947)
Álvaro de Albornoz y Liminiana (8 August 1947 – 13 August 1951)
Félix Gordón Ordás (13 August 1951 – 9 May 1960)
Emilio Herrera Linares (9 May 1960 – 28 February 1962)
Claudio Sánchez-Albornoz y Menduiña (28 February 1962 – 28 February 1971)
Fernando Valera Aparicio (28 February 1971 – 23 July 1977)

Francoist Spain (1936–1975)

Parties

Military FET–JONS

Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Term of office			Political Party	Government	Legislature	Head of State (Term / Reign)
Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Took office	Left office	Days	Political Party	Government	Legislature	Head of State (Term / Reign)
	Miguel Cabanellas (1872–1938)	23 July 1936	1 October 1936	70	Military	National Defence Junta	—	—
	Miguel Cabanellas (1872–1938)	Named President of the National Defence Junta of the Nationalist side during the Civil War.				National Defence Junta		—
	Fidel Dávila Arrondo (1878–1962)	3 October 1936	3 June 1937	243	Military	State Technical Junta		Caudillo Francisco Franco (1936–1975)
	Fidel Dávila Arrondo (1878–1962)	Named President of the State Technical Junta.
	Francisco Gómez-Jordana (1876–1944)	3 June 1937	31 January 1938	242	Military		National Council of the Movement
	Francisco Gómez-Jordana (1876–1944)	Named President of the State Technical Junta.
	Francisco Franco (1892–1975)	31 January 1938	8 June 1973	12912	Falange (FET–JONS) Military	Francoist Governments: 1. Franco I (1938) 2. Franco II (1939) 3. Franco III (1941) 4. Franco IV (1942) 5. Franco V (1945) 6. Franco VI (1951) 7. Franco VII (1956) 8. Franco VIII (1957) 9. Franco IX (1962) 10. Franco X (1965) 11. Franco XI (1967) 12. Franco XII (1969)
	Francisco Franco (1892–1975)	Spanish Civil War: defeated the Republicans in 1939, established Francoist Spain. Establishment of an autocratic one-party military dictatorship. White Terror. Fundamental Laws of the Realm. Spanish Miracle 1959–74. Named Prince Juan Carlos de Bourbon as heir apparent in 1969. Franco died on 20 November 1975.					Cortes Españolas: 1 (1943) 2 (1946) 3 (1949) 4 (1952) 5 (1955) 6 (1958) 7 (1961) 8 (1964) 9 (1967) 10 (1971)
	Luis Carrero Blanco (1904–1973)	9 June 1973	20 December 1973†	194	Falange (FET–JONS) Military	13. Carrero
	Luis Carrero Blanco (1904–1973)	Assassinated by ETA members only 6 months into office.
	Torcuato Fernández-Miranda (1915–1980)	20 December 1973	31 December 1973	11	Falange (FET–JONS)
	Torcuato Fernández-Miranda (1915–1980)	Interim Prime Minister for a few days after the assassination of Luis Carrero Blanco.
	Carlos Arias Navarro (1908–1989)	31 December 1973	20 November 1975	913	Falange (FET–JONS)	14. Arias I 15. Arias II
		20 November 1975	1 July 1976	913	Falange (FET–JONS)	Restoration Governments: 1. Arias III		King Juan Carlos I (1975–2014)
		Appointed to the office as a result of the assassination of Luis Carrero Blanco, Contrary to political liberalization. Garroting of Catalan anarchist Salvador Puig Antich. Green March (1975). Instructed by King Juan Carlos I to enact reforms for the regime's opening towards democracy after Franco's death in 1975. Contrary to any change, resigned as a result of a power struggle with the King over political reform.
	Fernando de Santiago y Díaz (1910–1994)	1 July 1976	3 July 1976	2	Military
	Fernando de Santiago y Díaz (1910–1994)	Interim Prime Minister for a few days after the resignation of Carlos Arias Navarro.

Kingdom of Spain (Second restoration, 1975–present)

Prime Ministers (Presidents of the Government)

Parties

FET–JONS UCD PSOE PP

Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Term of office			Political Party	Government		Legislature	Monarch (Reign)
Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Took office	Left office	Days	Political Party	Government		Legislature	Monarch (Reign)
	Adolfo Suárez (1932–2014)	3 July 1976	13 July 1977	1698	Falange (FET–JONS)	Suárez I	FET–JONS	Cortes Esp.: 10 (1971)	King Juan Carlos I (1975–2014)
		13 July 1977	30 March 1979		Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD)	Suárez II	UCD	Cortes Gen.: Const. (1977)
		30 March 1979	25 February 1981		Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD)	Suárez III	UCD	I (1979)
		Appointed in 1976 by King Juan Carlos I after Arias Navarro's resignation. Led Spain through the country's transition to democracy. 1976 political reform referendum. 1977 Massacre of Atocha. Legalization of the PCE. In 1977 became the first democratically-elected PM in 40 years. 1978 Moncloa Pact. 1978 constitutional referendum; Spanish Constitution of 1978 adopted. Early 1980s recession. 1980 censure motion. Resigned due to loss of party support.
	Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo (1926–2008)	25 February 1981	2 December 1982	645	Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD)	Calvo-Sotelo	UCD
	Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo (1926–2008)	Succeeded Suárez mid-term. 1981 failed coup d'état (23-F) during investiture. Legalization of divorce in 1981. Spain entry into NATO (1981). Change of national flag. Disintegration of UCD. 1982 coup d'état attempt.
	Felipe González (1942–)	2 December 1982	24 July 1986	4902	Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)	González I	PSOE	II (1982)
		24 July 1986	5 December 1989			González II	PSOE	III (1986)
		5 December 1989	9 July 1993			González III	PSOE	IV (1989)
		9 July 1993	4 May 1996			González IV	PSOE	V (1993)
		Four consecutive terms and three consecutive absolute majorities. Longest-serving democratically-elected Spanish PM. Legalization of abortion in 1985. 1985 El Descanso bombing. Reorganization of education system. Establishment of welfare state. Spanish NATO membership referendum, 1986. Spain EU membership. 1987 Hipercor bombing. 1988 Spanish general strike. Legalization of private TV channels. Signing of the 1992 Maastricht Treaty. 1992 Barcelona Olympics and Seville Expo '92. 1993 economic crisis. 1995 Toledo Pact. Mid–1990s PSOE corruption scandals (Filesa, Luis Roldán, GAL).
	José María Aznar (1953–)	4 May 1996	26 April 2000	2904	People's Party (PP)	Aznar I	PP	VI (1996)
		26 April 2000	16 April 2004	2904	People's Party (PP)	Aznar II	PP	VII (2000)
		Two consecutive terms. 1997 economic boom. Privatization of public enterprises. Spain adoption of the euro. 1998 Land Law. ETA's 1998–99 ceasefire declaration. Abolition of the compulsory military service in 2001. National Hydrological Plan proposal. 2002 Political Parties Law and subsequent banning of Batasuna. Attempt of unemployment benefits' reform resulting in the 2002 general strike. 2002 Perejil Island crisis. 2002 Prestige oil spill. Intervention in the 2003 Iraq War and anti-war protests. Yak-42 air flight accident. 2004 Madrid train bombings (11-M).
	José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero (1960–)	16 April 2004	11 April 2008	2804	Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)	Zapatero I	PSOE	VIII (2004)
		11 April 2008	20 December 2011	2804	Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)	Zapatero II	PSOE	IX (2008)
		Two consecutive terms. Spanish withdrawal from Iraq. Legalization of same-sex marriage in 2005. 2005 European Constitution referendum. ETA's 2006 ceasefire declaration. 2006 Catalonia Statute of Autonomy. 2006 Madrid–Barajas Airport bombing. Signing of the 2007 Lisbon Treaty. Approval of less restrictive abortion law in 2010. 2008–11 Spanish financial crisis. Birth of 15-M Movement. PSOE swept away from nearly all its historical strongholds in the 2011 municipal and regional elections. ETA's 2011 permanent ceasefire declaration.
	Mariano Rajoy (1955–)	20 December 2011	Incumbent	1600	People's Party (PP)	Rajoy	PP	X (2011)
						Rajoy	PP	X (2011)	King Felipe VI (2014–)
						Caretaker	PP	XI (2015)
		2011–15 Spanish financial crisis. Two general strikes in 2012. 2012–15 Catalan independence crisis. 2013 Bárcenas affair. Mid–2010s PP corruption scandals (Gürtel, Púnica). Abdication of King Juan Carlos I in 2014. 2011–15 PP-PSOE credibility crisis. Anti-bipartisanship surge in the 2015 municipal elections; PP and PSOE swept away from power in Madrid, Barcelona, Valencia, Zaragoza and other urban centers.