List of Southern Hemisphere tornadoes and tornado outbreaks

Parent article: List of tornadoes and tornado outbreaks

These are some notable tornadoes, tornado outbreaks, and tornado outbreak sequences that have occurred in the Southern Hemisphere, including Oceania, and, for the purposes of this list, all of South America and Africa.

Africa

Event Date Area Tornadoes Casualties Notes
Johannesburg - Pretoria, South Africa tornado 26 November 1948 Highveld, South Africa - 6 fatalities, 100 injuries 64 km track crossed major urban areas
Zastron tornado 26 November 1948 Free State, South Africa 1 -
Albertynesville, South Africa tornado 30 November 1952 South Africa - 20 fatalities, 400 injuries
Paynesville, South Africa tornado 2 December 1952 South Africa - 11 fatalities
Trompsburg, South Africa tornado 5 November 1976 Karoo, South Africa - 5+ fatalities Longest path ever measured in SA, 175 km, mostly through desert
Senekal, South Africa tornado 15 September 1988 South Africa - 2 fatalities F3 according to Weather Service. Long track event
Welkom, South Africa tornado 20 March 1990 Free State, South Africa - destroying 4000 homes Multi-vortex tornado races through the suburbs of Welkom with a 240 km long severe storm front and a width of up to 1.7 km. Proved to be the most devastating (in monetary terms) in South Africa’s history.
Harrismith tornado 15 November 1998 Free State, South Africa 1 0 fatalities, 14 injuries F2 according to Weather Service. Several houses and three airplane hangars were damaged or destroyed[1]
Mthatha, South Africa tornado 15 December 1998 South Africa - 15 fatalities, 100 injuries Tornado tracked through major urban area
Umtata tornado 11 January 1999 Eastern Cape, South Africa 1 11 fatalities, 150 injuries Category unknown. Large amounts of damage was caused including damage to the hospital. Nelson Mandela, previous president of South Africa was in a pharmacy when the tornado hit, and was protected by his bodyguards while lying on the floor. The pharmacy was also damaged, but Mandela was not injured.[2]
Mount Ayliff, South Africa tornado 18 January 1999 South Africa - 25 fatalities, 500 injuries 120 km long track F4
Heidelberg, South Africa tornado 21 October 1999 South Africa - 20 injuries 100+ km path narrowly missed Johannesburg[3]
Centurion tornado 21 October 1999 Gauteng, South Africa 1 unknown fatality, unknown injuries F1 according to Weather Service. Damage was caused.[3]
Mpumalanga, South Africa tornado outbreak 9 September 2002 Mpumalanga, South Africa 4 2 fatalities Strong line of storms. Some buildings completely flattened
Dullstroom tornado 1 August 2006 Mpumalanga, South Africa 1 0 fatalities, 9 injuries Several homes damaged, roof a high school completely removed. Estimated to be strong F1, possibly F2
Vryheid tornado 20 October 2006 KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa 1 0 Rural huts destroyed on a farm 15 km east of the town. Child almost 'taken up' into tornado. Path estimated to be 4 km long. Estimated F1
Klerksdorp tornado 4 March 2007 North West, South Africa 1 1 fatality, 3 injuries F0 (South African Weather Bureah classified it as a "mini tornado"). 200 houses and other buildings damaged.[4]
Molweni tornado 14 November 2008 KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa 1 8 fatalities, 200 injuries

Crossed an urban area. Cars rolled some distance and shipping containers hurled through the air over 200m. Mud huts completely scoured away. Brick houses levelled. Path estimated to be 10 km long. Estimated EF3-4

Bulwer tornado 6 November 2009 KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa 1 1 fatality, 30 injuries F3 according to Weather Service. Cars thrown and cinder brick homes flattened
Ficksburg tornado 3 October 2011 Free State, South Africa 1 1 fatality, 42 injuries F2 according to Weather Service. 122 houses and shacks destroyed.[5]
Duduza tornado 3 October 2011 Gauteng, South Africa 1 1 fatality, 166 injuries F2 according to Weather Service. 150 houses destroyed[6]
Bronkhorstspruit tornado 13 November 2011 Mpumalanga, South Africa 1 0 fatalities, 0 injuries Category unknown. Minimal damage due touching down in open fields.[7]
Bethlehem tornado 23 June 2012 Free State, South Africa 1 8 fatalities, 27 injuries F2. Several houses was destroyed in Bethlehem and Kestell areas[8]
Deneysville tornado 23 June 2012 Free State, South Africa 1 1 fatality, 5 injuries a lot of damage to waterfront property.[9]
Queenstown - Mthaha tornado 19 September 2013 Eastern Cape, South Africa 1 -

Oceania

Australia

Tornado Event Date Area Tornadoes Casualties Notes Fujita Scale
1795 Sydney tornado ?/?/1795 Sydney 1 0 The earliest tornado record in the Bureau of Meteorology archives, it destroyed crops and trees in the early settlement.[10]
Port Phillip tornado 29 January 1837 Central Victoria 1 0 Believed to be the first tornado observed by the colonists of Port Phillip and one of the first observed in Australia. Following a trail of over 60 miles from the heads of Port Phillip to Geelong and as far north as Mount Macedon it caused much damage and uprooting of trees.[11]
Parramatta tornado 21 December 1841 Parramatta, New South Wales 1 0 Tornado observed west of Sydney causing damage to churches and schools in Parramatta, destroying homes and uprooting trees.[12]
Murrumbidgee tornado 9 October 1844 Murrumbidgee District, New South Wales 1 0 Part of a larger storm cell which caused extensive flooding, a tornado was observed in Murrumbidgee District near Gundagai causing extensive damage to forest area.[13]
Devil's river tornado 26 December 1848 Devil's River, Victoria 1 0 fatalities, 3 injured Tornado swept across farmland hurling large hailstones, killing numerous livestock and injuring settlers.[14]
Wee Waa tornado 26 November 1849 Wee Waa, New South Wales 1 0 Huts were unroofed and trees uprooted.[15]
Campbell's river tornado 5 January 1852 Campbell's River, New South Wales 1 0 Destructive tornado cut a path through farmland and forest, reaching the outskirts of Bathurst, New South Wales.[16][17]
Waratah tornado 16 September 1860 Newcastle region 1 0 Related to storm over Newcastle, a tornado cut a path from Minmi to Hexham and Waratah, throwing wagons through the air and uprooting trees on its way toward the ocean.[16][18]
Chetwynd tornado 1 July 1861 Western Victoria 1 1 Large tornado reported at Chetwynd Station moving along the tributary of the Glenelg River toward Harrow carried large objects including trees, poles and huts distances from several yards to miles through the air.[19] Two men were reported to have been thrown great distances in the air, with one returning to the ground dead.[20]
Hamilton tornado 22 October 1861 Western Victoria 1 0 Originating near the South Australian border at Lindsay and passing through Casterton, a tornado cut a path through Hamilton where it caused extensive damage to buildings before moving east uprooting trees and taking the roofs off houses. Scotch church in Hamilton was destroyed, along with another church and several commercial premises including two hotels were leveled causing A£5000 in damage through no casualties were reported.[21][22]
Maryborough tornado 25 February 1864 North-west Victoria 1 2 Tornado cut a swathe from Maryborough to Creswick and Bullarook north of Ballarat. A father and son were killed by a tree thrown through the air and numerous others were injured. The tornado damaged numerous buildings and uprooting trees.[23]
Beechworth tornado 26 October 1865 Beechworth Victoria 1 1 fatality, numerous injuries Massive damaged to Beechworth from tornado leaving churches, schools demolished, houses unroofed and objects thrown great distances and a Chinese man died inside a collapsed hut.[24]
Bowen tornado 22 February 1876 Bowen, Queensland 1 1 fatality, numerous injuries Destructive tornado caused severe damage to Bowen. One killed, many more injured, some seriously. Damages amounting to at least A£7,000, many buildings were badly damaged or destroyed including the Bowen hospital, where many patients sustained minor injuries.[25]
Nhill tornado 19 November 1897 Wimmera region, north western Victoria 1 3 Deadly tornado leaving a destructive trail across over 250 km of north western Victoria virtually destroyed the town of Nhill where A£50,000 of damage was done including all of the town's churches and many of the houses. Extensive damage was also inflicted on the town of Donald where one person died and a church, school and numerous other buildings were demolished at a total damage bill of A£4,000. At Maryborough a further 2 deaths were recorded. At Rupanyup the damage was estimated at A£200.[26][27][28]
Nevertire tornado 29 December 1897 New South Wales 1 0 Destructive tornado with a path 14 miles long struck the town of Nevertire, New South Wales leaving many people injured.[29]
Narrabri tornado 2 December 1900 New South Wales 1 0 Destructive tornado causing total estimated damage of A£8,000.[30]
Narrabri tornado 6 January 1902 New South Wales 1 1 fatality, numerous injured Second, more destructive tornado at Narrabri destroyed the railway goods shed. Few buildings were undamaged leaving an estimated total damage of A£10,000.[31]
Ballarat tornado 19 August 1909 Victoria 1 1 fatality, >7 injured During a severe flooding event, a tornado touched down in Ballarat sweeping across the city's northern and eastern suburbs destroying numerous homes in Ballarat North, Soldiers Hill, Black Hill and Ballarat East. The tornado lifted before again touching down at Eureka where it destroyed more homes before dissipating.[32][33]
Marong tornado 27 September 1911 Victoria 1 1 fatality, >12 injured Likely an F3, it caused severe damage to Marong and Lockwood. First tornado photographed in Australia.[34]
Brighton tornado 2 February 1918 Victoria 3 >2 fatalities Known as the 'Brighton Cyclone',[35] these tornadoes hit the suburb of Brighton, a suburb of Melbourne. At one location two tornado tracks crossed, creating (in the language of the day) a "veritable orgy of destruction".[36] In the few minutes that the storm lasted, two people were killed and many others injured. Wind speeds were estimated at 320 km/h (Fujita rating F3), making this possibly the most intense tornado to hit a major Australian city.[37] Total estimated damage was A£100,000 - 150,000.
Portarlington tornado 9 January 1921 Victoria 2 0 fatalities, >1 injuries A tornado and a waterspout formed in the area of Corio Bay moving east where it struck Portarlington and St Leonards before dissipating in Port Phillip. The Grand Hotel was damaged and the roofs removed from a church and several houses. Trees were torn out of the ground. Reports of several people being carried up to 40 feet through the air.[38][39]
Geelong tornado 22 July 1926 Victoria 1 1 fatality, 20-30 injured Tornado that originated in the Western District moved east, striking Lismore in South West of Victoria where there was considerable damage and trees torn out of the ground. Headed east, the tornado cut a swathe through the south west of Victoria until it reached the populated area of Geelong. It cut a path through the southern suburbs of Highton, Marshall and Belmont where a total of seven homes were destroyed, most in Belmont. The tornado continued to cross Port Phillip where it continued gathering pace. It made final landfall at Brighton where it destroyed two churches, two halls and several other buildings.[40] Total estimated damage in Geelong was A£40,000.[41]
Dwellingup tornado 16 April 1954 Western Australia 1 0 fatalities Rated F-3, through Jarrah forest along an 10 km (6.2 mi) path, and up to 200 m (660 ft) wide near Lyalls Mill.[42]
Port Macquarie tornado 6 July 1962 New South Wales 1 3 fatalities An intense waterspout reached landfall at Port Macquarie causing widespread damage. 3 men were killed as a house collapsed.[43]
Busselton tornado 10 July 1964 Western Australia 1 1 fatality 1 person was killed when his car was pulled off the road by a tornado near Busselton.[44]
Busselton tornado 10 July 1964 Western Australia 1 1 fatality 1 person was killed when his car was pulled off the road by a tornado near Busselton.[44]
Bulahdelah tornado 1 January 1970 New South Wales 1 0 fatalities Believed to be one of the strongest Australian tornadoes, believed to be at least F4 possibly F5. Left a damage path 21 km (13 mi) long and 1–1.6 km (0.62–0.99 mi) wide through the Bulahdelah State Forest. According to reports, it threw a two-ton tractor 100 m (330 ft) through the air, depositing it upside down. It is estimated that the tornado destroyed over one million trees.[45]
Kin Kin tornado 14 August 1971 Queensland 1 3 fatalities Three people killed at Kin Kin (a small community between Gympie and Noosa). This is the deadliest tornado recorded in Australia to date.[36]
Brisbane tornado 4 November 1973 Queensland 1, other funnels reported 0 fatalities Perhaps most destructive Australian tornado. It had a path length of 51 km (32 mi), and peak wind-speeds are estimated to be in excess of 300 km/h (190 mph). 500 houses were unrooved, 1,400 destroyed and 500 declared 'structurally unsafe'. At least one home was swept away from its foundation. Rated F3.[36][46]
Port Hedland tornado 17 December 1975 Western Australia 1 0 fatalities A spectacular tornado with a purple funnel was on the ground right in front of the weather bureau.[47]
Sandon tornado 13 November 1976 Victoria 3 2 fatalities Strong F2 or an F3. Fatalities occurred when a car was thrown by the tornado with occupants inside. This tornado from the outbreak caused $300,000 in damage.[48]
Northam tornado 21 December 1977 Western Australia 1 0 fatalities Described as a most Beautiful Australian tornado due to the colour of the vortex being red from picking up the red-coloured dirt. Path length 6–7 km and it uprooted several large gum trees.[49]
Drummoyne and Hunters Hill tornado 10 February 1978 New South Wales 1 0 fatalities During an outbreak of severe thunderstorms in eastern New South Wales affecting Newcastle Sydney and Wollongong, a storm produced a tornado in the Drummoyne and Hunters Hill area of metropolitan Sydney, ripping the roof from a house.[50] The severe weather injured a total of eight across the affected area, causing an estimated A$15 million in damage with a 2011 normalized cost of A$215 million.[51]
Port Macquarie Tornado 13 September 1985 New South Wales 1 - Buildings were destroyed and cars thrown through the air causing a total of more than $3 million in damages.[52]
Elsmore tornadoes 6 November 1989 Elsmore, New South Wales 3 - Destructive tornado categorised F3 by the Bureau of Meteorology damaged up to 25 homes, including 5 which were completely destroyed.[53]
SE QLD tornadoes 24 December 1989 South East Queensland >1 - A massive supercell (with cloud tops as high as 77,000 ft (23 km)) tore through Brisbane and parts of SE QLD, producing several tornadoes along its path. A combination of straight line winds and a tornado unrooved 500 houses, damaged 1000 and left 12 structurally unsafe in the city of Redcliffe (approximately 25 km (16 mi) north of Brisbane).[54]
Chisholm Tornado 1990 Australian Capital Territory 1 5 Tornado hit Canberra suburb of Chisholm in 1990 destroying a wooden church and damaging 37 houses.[55]
SE QLD tornadoes 29 November 1992 Queensland, 2 0 fatalities The tornado at Bucca (west of Bundaberg, Queensland) is the most intense Australian tornado, rated F4 officially. Hail the size of cricket balls accompanied the storm.[36] A tornado also struck Oakhurst rated F3.
Tucabia tornado 1 November 1993 New South Wales 1 0 fatalities Rated F2 with 200m base, accompanied by golf ball sized hail and lasted for 20 minutes. 8 houses totally destroyed, 35 others damaged. 2 people injured.[56]
Blue Mountains tornado 20 November 1994 New South Wales 1 0 Worst hit Yellow Rock in the Blue Mountains. Destruction to multiple houses, trees up-rooted. F0/F1 [57]
Chatswood tornado 20 November 1994 New South Wales 1 0 Chatswood, north of Sydney. Destruction to multiple houses, trees up-rooted. F0/F1 [57]
Merimbula tornado 16 April 1995 New South Wales 2 0 fatalities, 34 injuries An F2 tornado ripped through the centre of the town of Merimbula in SE New South Wales. 34 people were injured, approximately 200 buildings were damaged, 12 were destroyed. Two funnels were reported in the storm, which also caused damage at nearby Pambula.[58]
New South Wales tornado outbreak 29 September 1996 Central New South Wales 3 confirmed 0, fatalities The largest outbreak of severe thunderstorms ever documented in NSW occurs. Three tornadoes, hail up to 7 cm and wind gusts to 156 km/h are reported. Over $92 million insured loss from hail and wind is sustained at Armidale, NSW. Total estimated cost for the region is $340 million.[59] 3 tornadoes confirmed at Bundella, Gilgandra and Elong Elong.[60]
Perth tornado 15 July 1996 Western Australia 1 0, fatalities
5, injured 		Short lived tornado associated with a cold front. This was indicated by the tornado's speed which was estimated to have been 80 km/h (50 mph) and path approximately 4 km (2.5 mi) long and 40 m (130 ft) wide, which lasted on the ground for approximately 3 minutes.[61]
Fremantle tornado 25 August 1999 Western Australia 1 0 A tornado went through Fremantle, south of Perth, leaving a 100 m (330 ft) wide 8–9 km (5.0–5.6 mi) long track. Several people were trapped in an apartment block when the tornado caused the roof to collapse.[62]
Greystanes tornado 3 November 2000 New South Wales 3 Confirmed 0 fatalities A tornadic thunderstorm moved through the Sydney Metropolitan Area over the afternoon/early evening. Three F0/F1 tornadoes struck several suburbs including Constitution Hill, Wentworthville, Pendle Hill and Greystanes. Golf ball sized hail, the widespread downing of trees and overhead powerlines were observed during the damage survey as was minor to moderate damage to structure.[63]
South coast tornado 26 December 2001 Off the south coast of New South Wales, Australia 1 0 fatalities During the Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race, the boat Nicorette recorded wind speeds of close to 100 kn (120 mph) and was struck by hail the size of golf balls. According to the boat's meteorologist, the tornado began with a diameter of around 50 m (160 ft), but grew in size until it was 500 m (1,600 ft) across.[64]
South Australia tornado outbreak 18 May 2002 South Australia 2 0 fatalities Two tornadoes associated with a strong cold front occurred in the morning. The first tornado, at 6:15 am (ACST), near Coulta, 7 km (4.3 mi) in length, uprooted several trees and damaged others on farmland. The second, at 10 am (ACST), caused a narrow 2 km (1.2 mi) long path of damage through the Adelaide suburbs of Rosslyn Park and Wattle Park. In the evening, another tornado or severe downburst associated with a hail storm occurred at Two Wells, causing a damage path of less than 500 m (1,600 ft) in length.[65]
Niangala tornado 13 October 2002 New South Wales 1 0 fatalities A F2 tornado in Niangala damaged hundreds of trees and destroyed two houses, and, nearby, hail up to 6 cm (2.4 in) was recorded at Walcha.[66][67]
Bendigo tornado 18 May 2003 Victoria 1 0 fatalities A tornado caused considerable damage within the City of Bendigo, Victoria, damaging around 50 homes.[68][69]
Grampians tornado 4 January 2004 Victoria 1 0 fatalities A tornado caused considerable damage along a wide track within the Grampains National Park in western Victoria. The tornado track was observed from an aircraft about a week later. The tornado tore large trees out of the ground, leaving a bare patch of about 8–10 ha (20–25 acres) without any vegetation at all.[70]
Noble Park tornado 9 June 2004 Victoria 1 0 fatalities An F1 tornado caused considerable damage along a damage path 3.2 kilometres (2.0 mi) long and from 50–200 m (160–660 ft) wide. More than 70 homes in the Melbourne suburbs of Noble Park and Mulgrave were affected. Winds were estimated at up to 180 km/h (110 mph).[71]
Coonabarabran tornado 20 January 2005 New South Wales 1 0 fatalities This tornado formed at 4:30pm (AEDT) during a severe thunderstorm and ran a path of over 5 km (3.1 mi) towards the SE crossing the Oxley Highway, where it uprooted many trees adjacent to the highway and scoured the ground. F1 or F2.[72]
Broken Hill tornado 6 November 2005 New South Wales 1 0 fatalities Damage to 100 homes, total damage bill of A$3.8 million.[73]
La Perouse tornado 4 August 2006 New South Wales 1 0 fatalities A super cellular waterspout/tornado struck the Sydney suburb of La Perouse. It caused damage to several buildings, and brought down powerlines.[74] F1
Leschenault tornado 7 August 2006 Western Australia 1 2 injuries This tornado hit an outer suburb of Bunbury (163 km (101 mi) south of Perth) in the early hours of the morning. It damaged sixty houses, with seven of these completely losing their roofs.[75] The tornado injured two, produced a damage path 200 meters wide and 2 kilometers long.[76] F2
Kakadu tornado 1 March 2007 Northern Territory 1 0 fatalities Severe damage was observed in Kakadu National Park, at the Mary River Ranger Station. Two caravans were destroyed, and many eucalypts and ironwoods were uprooted. The Bureau of Meteorology experts estimated the wind speeds to be between 230–270 km/h (140–170 mph), making this an F2/F3 tornado.[77]
You Yangs landspout 14 May 2007 Victoria 1 0 fatalities A landspout tornado was sighted near the You Yangs near Geelong, Victoria. The tornado lasted for several minutes as it traversed across farmland and had an estimated diameter of 50–100 m (160–330 ft). No damage was reported.[78]
Moana tornado 21 May 2007 South Australia 1 0 fatalities Several houses were damaged and trees were blown down or snapped off at Moana due to a tornado.[79]
Dunoon tornado 26 October 2007 New South Wales 1 0 fatalities Multi vortex tornado near the town of Lismore, caught by storm chaser Jimmy Deguara.[80] The tornado blew out the walls of a church, tore the roofs off about 20 residences, and a piece of debris hit a power sub-station that exploded, causing 3000 homes to be without power.[81][82]
"Ballarat" tornado 20 December 2007 Ballarat 1 0 Footage and photographs taken of large but brief tornado taken by storm chasers in rural area north of Ballarat, part of a storm complex that affected Castlemaine. No damage reported.[34][83]
Perth tornado 9 June 2008 Western Australia 1 0 fatalities Confirmed by the Bureau of Meteorology, the tornado swept through the southern suburbs of Perth just after 7.30 (AWST) in the morning and damaged more than 130 homes. Residents from an Aged Care facility in Cooloongup were evacuated as the roof of an activity room was blown off and the hostel is without power or water.[84]
Nimmitabel tornado 24 December 2008 New South Wales 1 0 fatalities A tornado occurred between Nimmitabel and Cooma, with severe storms that affected the region.[85]
Atherton tornado 7 February 2010 Queensland 1 0 fatalities A tornado struck a farm just south of the town of Atherton in Queensland, Australia causing damage to corn fields and farm equipment.[86]
Lennox Head waterspout/tornado 3 June 2010 New South Wales 2 0 fatalities A major storm and waterspout/tornado destroyed homes and caused multiple injuries at Lennox Head.[87] Police say a number of homes have been destroyed, powerlines are down and several caravans have been overturned. Paramedics say several people have been injured in the storm but no-one is missing.[88]
Trawalla tornado 30 July 2010 Victoria 1 0 fatalities A tornado destroyed hundreds of trees and damaged power-lines at Trawalla, near Beaufort.[89]
Penola tornado 31 July 2010 South Australia 1 0 fatalities A tornado ripped through the main street of Penola in South-east South Australia, destroying at least four buildings and damaging many others. No injuries were reported.[90]
Moama tornado 10 August 2010 New South Wales 1 0 fatalities A weak tornado was observed in the town of Moama in southern New South Wales, causing some minor damage[91]
Whitton tornado 1 February 2011 New South Wales 1 0 fatalities A tornado struck the town destroying a carport, damaging houses and trees.[92]
Yellow Water Billabong tornado 11 February 2011 Northern Territory 1 0 fatalities

Footage of a tornado over Yellow Water billabong located in the Kakadu National Park, in the Northern Territory, was captured by a tour guide. There were no fatalities or injuries and damage limited to vegetation.[93]

Karratha tornado 21 February 2011 Western Australia 4 0 fatalities The Karratha CBD was struck by a tornado, related to Tropical Cyclone Carlos. It reportedly uprooted large trees, tore roofs of houses and threw boats into the air. One person was injured by flying glass.[94]
Magpie Valley tornado 20 April 2011 Victoria 1 0 fatalities A weak tornado was observed and photographed close to Ballarat's south eastern rural-urban fringe in the forestry area between Magpie and Sebastopol. No damage or injury was reported.[95]
Canning Vale tornado 20 May 2011 Western Australia 1 0 fatalities Perth suburb of Canning Vale was struck by tornado, damaging a number of homes and a vehicle.[96][97]
Red Rock tornado 14 June 2011 New South Wales 1 0 fatalities A waterspout/tornado unroofed at least two buildings including the Bowling Club, and damaged several others in Red Rock.[98]
Bellbridge tornado 9 November 2011 Victoria 1 0 fatalities A tornado hit the Bellbridge and Bethanga areas, near Wodonga. Several homes were severely damaged, some having their roofs removed, and several trees were uprooted.[99]
Bacchus Marsh tornado 25 December 2011 Victoria 2+ 0 fatalities A tornado hit Fiskville, west of Bacchus Marsh, Victoria. A second tornado was reported at Melton from the same storm. Tennis-ball sized hail and flash-flooding also occurred with the storms, leaving an estimated damage bill in the millions of dollars.[100]
Bredbo tornado 20 January 2012 New South Wales 1 0 fatalities A tornado hit the Bredbo area in the Snowy Mountains area of New South Wales.[101]
Townsville tornado 20 March 2012 Queensland 1 0 fatalities A tornado caused major structural and tree damage in the suburb of Vincent. Windspeed estimated at 160–200 km/h (99–124 mph) from damage analysis. Other suburbs affected were Garbutt, Gulliver, Aitkenvale, and Annandale.[102][103]
Black Range tornado 31 May 2012 Victoria 1 0 fatalities A tornado struck the Black Range, near Stawell, causing minor structural and tree damage.[104]
Perth tornado outbreak 7 June 2012 Western Australia 2-3 0 fatalities Tornadoes struck the Perth suburbs of Dianella and Morley, damaging homes, trees and power lines. Light St and Marmion St in Dianella suffered the worst damage. Winds were measured at 180 km/h (110 mph), leading meteorologists to categorise it as an F1.[105] A tornado also struck York, 100 km (62 mi) east of Perth.[106] A total of 100 homes and buildings were damaged.
Southern Tasmania tornado outbreak 9 November 2012 Tasmania 2+ 0 fatalities Tornadoes reported on Mount Wellington and Sorell.[107]
Central Queensland tornado outbreak 26–27 January 2013 Queensland >6 >20 injured Several tornadoes struck the Bundaberg region of Central Queensland on 26 January, associated with the remnants of Cyclone Oswald. The first struck Bargara at 1.00pm (AEST), tearing roofs from buildings, and injuring at least six people. Burnett Heads was struck by three separate tornadoes, at 3.15pm and 6.05pm, and again at 6.30pm. Another tornado crossed the coast at Coonar.[108] A sixth tornado occurred at Burrum Heads on 27 January, whilst there were unconfirmed reports of a tornado at Bribie Island.[109]F-1
Ballarat tornado 31 January 2013 Ballarat, Victoria 1 0 A small tornado swept through parts of Ballarat. Starting in Ballarat North where it caused the most damage, it rounded Black Hill, briefly crossing the CBD before sweeping across Ballarat East and continuing to Eureka in the east of the city. The tornado caused extensive and localised minor damage to houses and buildings, tearing away roofs, fences and garages, smashing windows, uprooting trees, destroying chimneys and cutting power to parts of the CBD and deactivating traffic lights. Wind gusts of over 80 km/h (50 mph) were recorded.[110][111][112][113]F-1
Sydney-Illawarra Tornado Outbreak 23–24 February 2013 New South Wales 8 0 A tornado with winds of up to 135 km/h (84 mph) was observed in Sydney's inner east causing extensive damage at Kirribilli. Damage was also observed at Chifley, Malabar and Randwick. The effects were most severe at Kirribilli where it removing roofs from houses, uprooted trees and damaging the Westpac Bank and the Sydney Flying Squadron.[114] Several tornadoes struck the Illawarra region south of Sydney, New South Wales. Tornadoes occurred at Kiama, Seven Mile Beach to Nowra (rated F2 with wind speeds of up to 200 km/h (120 mph)[115]), Jamberoo and Albion Park Rail.[116] The tornado at Kiama caused significant damage to homes.[117] Post event analysis confirmed 8 tornadoes, with 2 rated F0, 5 at F1 and 1 rated as F2.[118]F-2
Eastern Victoria tornado outbreak 21 March 2013 North-eastern Victoria and southern New South Wales 7 >20 injured A total of 7 tornadoes touched down, one tornado rated at EF4 [119] struck the towns of Koonoomoo, Cobram, Barooga, Mulwala, Yarrawonga, and Bundalong, followed by a second tornado from the same storm at Rutherglen between 6:50-8:30pm (AEDT). A tornado rated EF3 struck the towns of Tamleugh, Euroa and Swanpool.[120][121][122] Twenty people sustained injuries requiring hospitalisation, with one in a serious condition and two in a critical but stable condition.[123] Roofs were ripped off homes, caravans upturned, the Barooga Post Office was heavily damaged and a petrol station was damaged at Euroa.[121][124] The initial EF4 is believed to have been the most powerful tornado to have ever hit Victoria. Further tornadoes touched down near Kerang (EF0), Benalla (EF0), and two near Mansfield (EF0 and EF1).[125]F-3
Ararat tornado 22 October 2013 Ararat, Victoria 1 0 A large storm cell over much of the state spawned what were likely shortly lived tornadoes in Ararat and Barnawartha in the state's north. In Ararat, a storage building was completely destroyed, and several other buildings were damaged including a hardware store and numerous homes sustained damage to roofs. Several trees were snapped or uprooted, sheds and fences levelled in a 500-metre damage path, mainly along McLellan Street.[126][127] The Bureau of Meteorology described the phenomenon as either tornadoes[128] or microbursts.F-1
New England tornadoes 23 November 2013 New South Wales 6 0 Up to four tornadoes were suspected to have touched down in the New England region, one tornado had an 100–200 m (330–660 ft) wide path and estimated winds of 160 km/h (99 mph) near Tenterden, New South Wales destroyed a home, caused extensive damage to property and uprooted trees. Storm chasers captured photographs and video footage of the tornado as it touched down from a wall cloud near BenLomond.[129][130][131] Six tornadoes of F0 to F1 intensity were confirmed.[118] F-1
Pakenham tornado 14 June 2014 Victoria 1 0 A tornado was filmed as it roped out at Pakenham south east of Melbourne at around midday on Saturday 14 June 2014.[132] F-0
Perth Metro Tornadoes 14 July 2014 Western Australia 2-4 2 fatalities As many as four tornadoes impacted the metropolitan area around Perth. A confirmed tornado caused significant damage to properties in Hilton and O'Connor, removing entire sections of roof structures to family homes, snapping wooden power poles and downing trees. Another tornado was confirmed to have damaged homes and downed trees in Claremont. A third tornado is suspected to have been the cause of damage in Beeliar. Further south at Yallingup it is suspected that fourth tornado is responsible for damage including downed trees.[133] Two men with muscular dystrophy died in Beaconsfield when power was cut to the home they shared as they slept, causing the machine relied on to keep them alive to stop working.[134] F-2
Forrestfield tornado 7 September 2014 Western Australia 1 0 It was reported that Bureau of Meteorology thought it was likely that a tornado had caused damage in Forrestfield.[135] Later the Bureau concluded, "Given the damage path, it is likely that a tornado moved through Forrestfield (suburb, southeast of Perth)."[136] The damage to Forrestfield included felled trees, damaged roofs and downed light poles.[137] F-0
Round Hill tornado 28 July 2014 Tasmania 1 0 A tornado destroyed trees and extensively damaged homes and businesses at Round Hill near Burnie, Tasmania, around 5.45 pm local time (AEST).[138] Pictures show tree trunks snapped off meters from the ground, and buildings with roof structures completely removed, some with masonry walls beginning to crumble.[139] A single dark grainy photo of the tornado was shared with local media.[140] F-1
Gol Gol tornado 22 November 2014 New South Wales and Victoria 1 0 A tornado carved a path of destruction north of Gol Gol at about 5:00 pm on Saturday 22 November 2014.[141] Affecting over 100 rural properties the tornado caused over $12 million of damage. Crop damage included over 1000 hectares of table or wine grapes, 790 hectares of citrus, and combined 40 hectares of eggplants, capsicums and melons. The Bureau of Meteorology concluded a tornado spawned by a supercell thunderstorm had left a band of damage from Yelta, Victoria to north of Gol Gol in southwest New South Wales. The damage path was estimated at approximately 20 kilometers in length an possibly up to 2 km wide, along which the tornado had uprooted and snapped trees, damaged vineyards, and ripped roofs off houses and sheds.[142] F-1
Bombala tornado 24 January 2015 New South Wales 1 0 A tornado impacted the New South Wales town of Bombala on Saturday 24 January 2015, leaving damage to roofs, sheds, and scattering debris across the town.[143] It was witnessed by locals and filmed by one.[144] F-0
Creswick tornado 13 February 2015 Victoria 1 0 A tornado was filmed northwest of Creswick, Victoria.[145] F-0
Pokolbin tornado 15 February 2015 Hunter Valley, New South Wales 1 0 A tornado left a trail of destruction through a Pokolbin winery. First noticed at 3.30 pm it went on to destroy a shed and about 150 vines.[146] The tornado was filmed by at witness as it progressed.[147] F-0
Shepparton tornado 23 February 2015 Victoria 1 0 A tornado was reported west of the Victorian town of Shepparton.[148] F-0
Daylesford tornado 28 February 2015 Victoria 1 0 A tornado tore from Eganstown to Daylesford downing hundreds of treas along a two kilometer path approximately 150 meters wide.[149] F-1
Karratha tornado 1 May 2015 Western Australia 0 A tornado was filmed near Karratha, associated with the rainbands of TC Quang (video was supplied to the Bureau of Meteorology, not publicly available).[150] F-0
Grafton tornado 13 June 2015 New South Wales 1 0 A tornado was photographed near Fisher Park in Grafton at about 2.00 pm EST on Saturday 13 June 2015.[151] F-0
Quambone tornado 11 July 2015 New South Wales 1 0 A tornado impacted the areas of Quambone, Gulargambone and Armatree on 11 July 2015.[152] The tornado had a width of about 100–200 meters.[153] A family’s homestead on the Gulargambone property “Eureka” had its roof structure removed and exterior walls begin to disintegrate [154] F-2
Burrumbuttock tornado 11 July 2015 New South Wales 1 0 A tornado damaged homes at Burrumbuttock, being photographed by a resident after it had impacted their home.[155] F-0
Lake Hume tornado-waterspout 24 July 2015 Victoria 1 0 A waterspout was filmed on Lake Hume as a tornadic thunderstorm passed over the lake.[156] F-0
West Ulverstone tornado 10 August 2015 Tasmania 1 0 A small, but damaging tornado went through the north west Tasmanian town of Ulverstone on the evening of 10 August 2015.[157] Roofs were ripped from houses, the local Lions club and a strip mall, and trees were brought down.[158] F-0
Dubbo tornado 24 August 2015 New South Wales 1 0 On the evening of 24 August 2015 a tornado impacted the semi rural suburbs east of Dubbo, NSW. As it progressed it was filmed across its approximately 15 minute life span.[159][160][161] The tornado touched down near Mugga Hill damaging homes on Acacia Road, Whitehwood Road, Pinedale Road and Debeuafort Drive.[162] The tornado rolled a truck and completely destroyed sheds.[163] F-1
Usher tornado 29 August 2015 Western Australia 1 0 A weak tornado was filmed on 29 August 2015 as it impacted the Bunbury suburb of Usher.[164] It left a narrow swathe of damage around 700 m long, occurring at about 1.00 pm WST.[165] F-0
Cranbrook tornado 10 September 2015 Western Australia 1 0 A small tornado passed through the Shire of Cranbrook on 10 September 2015.[166] The tornado was associated with the passage of a cold front. The Bureau of Meteorology commented that the damage observed was consistent with the passage of a tornado on the leading edge of the front.[167] F-0
Upper Caboolture tornado 29 September 2015 Queensland 1 0 A funnel cloud was photographed at Upper Caboolture on 29 September 2015.[168] Separate footage shows dust being blown up by the circulation, while damage was reported to a roof and a trampoline tossed.[169] F-0
Darling Downs, tornadoes 14 October 2015 Queensland 2 0 Weak tornadoes were photographed at Highfields and Dalby in Queensland's Darling Downs.[170] F-0
Bundella tornado 22 October 2015 New South Wales 1 0 A tornado was photographed at Bundella in the North West Slopes and Plains Forecast District of New South Wales.[171] F-0
Merrywinebone tornado 27 October 2015 New South Wales 1 0 A tornado was observed and photographed at Merrywinebone, New South Wales.[172] F-0
Echuca tornado 31 October 2015 Victoria 1 0 A photo of a funnel cloud associated with left-moving storm causing multiple reports of severe phenomena west of Echuca was supplied to the Bureau of Meteorology.[173] F-0
Northern Victoria tornado 1 November 2015 Nathalia, Strathmerton, Torrumburry, and Cobram, Victoria 1 0 A significant tornado left a damage path approximately 45 km long, with damage reports in Nathalia, Strathmerton, Torrumburry, and Cobram.[174] The Bureau of Meteorology noted that the tornado filmed, "Corresponds to the inflexion point of the squall line on RADAR. Storms developed into a squall line over northern Victoria/Southern NSW which moved into the NE during the afternoon with multiple reports of wind damage. Doppler RADAR showed winds up to 130km/h at 3500ft along back edge of squall line" in the tornado record for this event.[175] Homes were striped of their roofs and some were all but destroyed, being designated as uninhabitable.[176] At Torrumburry a tornado brought down trees and ripped the tin roofing from a house, tearing away the battens to which it was attached.[177] The tornado was filmed as it tore through Nathalia.[178] F-2
Monarto Tornado4 November 2015 South Australia 1 0 A tornado was identified in the Monarto area near Murray Bridge. No damage was reported.[179]F-0
Melbourne Tornado5 November 2015 Victoria 1 0 On the afternoon of Thursday 5 November 2015 there were multiple reports of funnel cloud in the Greater Melbourne area. A storm spotter reported seeing two separate funnels touch down.[180] A representative of the Bureau of Meteorology said the tornado struck Melbourne's outer northern suburbs of Tullamarine, Craigieburn, Campbellfield between 1:30 and 2:00 pm AEDT .[181] The tornado at was photographed near Melbourne Airport, Tullamarine.[182]F-0
KCGM Super Pit Tornado 4 December 2015 Kalgoorlie-Boulder, Western Australia 1 4 injuries At about 3.30pm “tornado-like conditions” swept through KCGM’s mobile fleet maintenance workshops causing major structural damage and cutting power, communication and water services.[183] Bureau of Meteorology noted that "Kalgoorlie Doppler Radar image at 0725 UTC (1525 WST) showed a pixel which had an inbound velocity of around 110 km/h at a height of ~487 metres above the ground (aliased: 22.5 m/s outbound)" in the tornado record for this event.[184] F-0
Kurnell Tornado17 December 2015 New South Wales 1 3 injuries A single tornado starting in southern Sydney, with moderate destruction at Kurnell. Houses destroyed, roof thrown 100M, multiple large trucks overturned. Tornado heading out to sea, and hitting land again at Bondi. The peak power approximately 2 km out to sea. 213 km winds, possibly the most powerful winds recorded in New South Wales. F-2 rated Tornado .[185][186][187] In early 2016 the Insurance Council of Australia reported they had received 4282 claims with total insured losses of $202 million from the tornado.[188]F-2
Bathurst Tornado17 December 2015 New South Wales 1 0 A single tornado was filmed[189] and photographed[190] in the Bathurst region.F-0
Bowenville Tornado 23 December 2015 Queensland 1 0 A tornado snapped at least 47 power poles, tore roofs from houses, felled trees and damaged crops as it smashed parts of the Darling Downs.[191] The tornado struck at about 7.30pm on Wednesday 23 December 2015.[192] Although the supercell thunderstorm and tornado produced significant damage no injuries were reported.[193] F-1

New Zealand

Tornado Event Date Area Tornadoes Casualties Notes
Parnell tornado December 1863 Parnell, New Zealand - 0 fatalities, numerous injuries Tornado passed through part of Auckland suburb of Parnell destroying every building, and

uprooting every tree it came across causing a total of £5,000 in damage.[194]

Frankton (Hamilton) tornado 25 August 1948 Waikato, New Zealand - 3 fatalities, 80 injuries F2 damage; 163 buildings and 50 businesses.
Halswell tornado 19 January 1983 Halswell, Christchurch, New Zealand - 0 fatalities, unknown injured Part of a severe storm to strike Christchurch. Authorities didn't believe reports made by citizens. Few buildings were damaged.
Albany tornado May 1991 Albany, New Zealand - 1 fatality, unknown injured Local church destroyed. One man driving a bulldozer was killed by flying debris.[195]
Waitara tornado 15 August 2004 Taranaki, New Zealand - 2 fatalities, 2 serious injured The casualties occurred when a farmhouse was demolished by the tornado. Several power lines were taken out, affecting 6,662 consumers. Media reports included debris ‘spread over an area 400 metres long by 50 metres wide’, although other media outlets described the track length as being greater than 1 km.
New Plymouth tornado 4 July 2007 New Plymouth, New Zealand - 0 fatalities A series of tornadoes ripped through the New Plymouth district of New Zealand, damaging 50 homes and rendering 70–80% of them uninhabitable. One person was injured, and several were trapped inside vehicles by powerlines.[196]
Auckland tornado 3 May 2011 Auckland, New Zealand - 1 fatality, 14 injuries A tornado struck the Auckland suburb of Albany, killing one person, and injuring many others.[197][198]
New Plymouth tornadoes 19 June 2011 New Plymouth, New Zealand 2 confirmed
1 unconfirmed 		0 fatalities Two tornadoes struck New Plymouth damaging businesses in the Central Business District, St Mary's Church Hall and a hotel.[199]
Auckland tornado 6 December 2012 Auckland, New Zealand More than 1 3 fatalities, 7 injuries A tornado struck the Auckland suburb of Hobsonville, killing three people, and injuring at least seven others.[200]

South America

Event Date Area Tornadoes Casualties Notes
Rojas, Buenos Aires September 16, 1816 Argentina 1 21 fatalities, 82 injuries One of the first registered tornadoes in Argentina
Dolores, Buenos Aires 1874 Argentina 1 0 Part of the city was destroyed.
Encarnación, Paraguay tornado 20 September 1926 Paraguay 1 300 fatalities, 500 injuries 100s of homes destroyed
Encarnación, Paraguay tornado 25 October 1965 Paraguay 1 - 100s of homes destroyed once again
General San Martin, Chaco October 27, 1965 Argentina 1 3 fatalities, 50 injuries Half the city was destroyed
Vichadero, Uruguay tornado 25 October 1968 Vichadero, Uruguay - 1 fatality, 12 injuries
Fray Marcos (Uruguay) April 21, 1970 Fray Marcos, Uruguay 1 11 fatalities F4. It was the strongest tornado in history of Uruguay
San Justo tornado[201] 10 January 1973 Santa Fe Province, Argentina 1 68 fatalities, 350 injuries Large, and violent, tornado (F-5) (strongest tornado in the Southern Hemisphere)
Bernal, Buenos Aires July 20, 1978 Argentina 1 0 fatalities city destroyed
Morteros, Cordoba tornado 28 October 1978 Morteros, Provincia de Cordoba, Argentina 1 5 fatalities, 100 injured This was the strongest tornado ever registered in Cordoba. It was rated as an F4.
Maravilha, Brazil tornado 9 October 1984 Maravilha, Brazil - 10 fatalities
Dolores, Buenos Aires November 25, 1985 Argentina 1 1 fatalities and several injured F3 tornado
Carmelo, Colonia November 21, 1985 Argentina 1 2 F2
Itu, São Paulo, Brazil 30 September 1991 Itu, São Paulo, Brazil - 16 fatalities EF4 tornado
Tragic Tuesday 13 April 1993 Buenos Aires Province, Argentina 300 7 fatalities, 80 injuries (F1-F3)[202]
Estacion Lopez May 6, 1992 Buenos Aires Province, Argentina 1 4 fatalities F4
Nova Laranjeiras - Paraná tornado 13 June 1997 Brazil - -
the night of tornadoes 11 October 2000 Viamão, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil ? 1 fatalities A noite dos Tornados[203]
Guernica tornadoes 26 December 2000 Guernica, Dolores and Chascomus, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina 12 1 fatalities, 51 injuries Towns of Guernica and Chascomus destroyed, 15 homes were badly damaged in town of Dolores. F2 and F3 Tornadoes[204]
Guernica tornadoes II 10 January 2001 Guernica and Glew, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina 2 5 fatalities, 250 injuries Guernica is destroyed once again by an F-3 tornado
Migues, Canelones January 27, 2001 Uruguay 1 0 fatalities F2/3 tornado
Canelones March 10, 2002 Uruguay 1 2 fatalities F2/3 tornado, $30 million damage.
Córdoba, tornado 26 December 2003 Córdoba, Argentina 1 5 fatalities, 90 injuries 400 houses, 1000 trees and 150 blasting ceiling F-3 tornado (lasted 24 minutes and swept three neighborhoods making it the tornado that lasted more time in the southern hemisphere.)
São Paulo 24 Mai 2005 Brazil 1 1 fatalities, 11 injuries F3 tornado, first multi-vortex tornado has filmed in southern hemisphere.[205]
Chivilcoy tornado 7 January 2006 Chivilcoy, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina 5 1 fatalities, 9 injuries 23 structures were destroyed by an F-2 in Chivilcoy.[206]
Barranquilla, Colombia tornado 15 September 2006 Barranquilla, Colombia Damaging tornado that was followed by severe flash flooding. 13 injured people (including children) F2 tornado
Bogotá, Colombia tornado 6 November 2007 Bogotá, Cundinamarca, Colombia 1 tornado - Roofs were torn off of buildings, including a car dealership. Windows were blown out and trees were uprooted. 1 person was injured.
Buenos Aires, Argentina Waterspouts 1 March 2008 Buenos Aires, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina Two strong waterspouts over La Plata River - Two tornadic waterspouts formed over the La Plata river.
San Pedro, Misiones tornado 7 September 2009 Misiones, Argentina +3 11 fatalities, 110 injuries Severe damage in San Pedro and the community of Santa Rosa was completely destroyed by an EF4 tornadoes.[207]
Junin, Buenos Aires October 16, 2010 Buenos Aires, Argentina 1 0 fatalities F2 tornado
Buenos Aires Tornadoes 4 April 2012 Buenos Aires, Argentina 4 27 fatalities, 893 injuries Severe damage to the south and west of Buenos Aires from 4 F1 and F2 tornadoes.
San Carlos Tornado 31 May 2013 San Carlos, Chile 1 1 injury Damage in a school and some houses, roofs blown off.
Taquarituba, Brazil tornado 22 September 2013 Taquarituba, São Paulo, Brazil 1 2 fatalities, 64 injuries Over 200 houses damaged.
Xanxerê, Brazil 20 April 2015 Xanxerê, Santa Catarina, Brazil 2 or 3 2 fatalities, 120 injuries Over 2,600 houses damaged.

[208]

Uruguay storm of April 2016 15 April 2016 Dolores, Soriano, Uruguay 1 5 fatalities, 250 injuries An F3 tornado caused heavy damage to buildings in the city of Dolores, killing five people.

[209]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ de Coning, E; Adam, BF (3 July 2000). "The tornadic thunderstorm events during the 1998-1999 South African summer" (PDF). Weather Forecasting Research Programme: 366. Retrieved 3 February 2016.
  2. ↑ "Tornadoes of Africa". For Strong Winds. For Strong Winds. October 2013. Retrieved 9 October 2013.
  3. 1 2 de Coning, E; Adam B F; Goliger A M; van Wyk T (October 2013). "An F3 tornado in Heidelerg, South Africa". National Weather Association. Weather Forecasting Research Group. Retrieved 9 October 2013.
  4. ↑ "Tornado rips through Klerksdorp Suburbs". IOL News. IOL News. October 2013. Retrieved 9 October 2013.
  5. ↑ "Ficksburg tornado: Red Cross steps in". News24. News24. October 2013. Retrieved 9 October 2013.
  6. ↑ "Deadly tornadoes wreak havoc in Duduza, Ficksburg". Mail&Guardian. Mail&Guardian. October 2013. Retrieved 9 October 2013.
  7. ↑ "Severe weather observation: Gauting/Mpumalanga 13 November 2011". SAWDOS. SAWDOS. October 2013. Retrieved 9 October 2013.
  8. ↑ "South Africa Tornado Damages Homes, Kills Eight". AccuWeather.com. Accuweather.com. October 2013. Retrieved 9 October 2013.
  9. ↑ "Tornado rips through Deneysville". National Sea Rescue Institute. 23 June 2012.
  10. ↑ Evershed, Nick (2013-03-26). "MULTIMEDIA: Tornadoes in Australia". The Courier. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
  11. ↑ pg. 4. The Australian Sydney (extract from the Port Phillip Patriot) 23 March 1839
  12. ↑ pg. 6. The Sydney Herald. 10 January 1842
  13. ↑ "News from the interior". The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954) (NSW: National Library of Australia). 10 October 1844. p. 4. Retrieved 9 June 2013.
  14. ↑ pg. 2. The Sydney Morning Herald. 10 January 1849
  15. ↑ pg. 2. The Maitland Mercury & Hunter River General Advertiser Wednesday 19 December 1849
  16. 1 2 pg. 3. Empire. 12 April 1852
  17. ↑ pg. 4. The Maitland Mercury & Hunter River General Advertiser. Wednesday 14 January 1852
  18. ↑ pg. 5. The Sydney Morning Herald. Tuesday 18 September 1860
  19. ↑ "THE TORNADO AT CHETWYND STATION" ON JULY 1, 1861. Bell’s Life in Sydney and Sporting Chronicle. 15 February 1862
  20. ↑ Glenelg River in History. pg.8. The Argus 19 April 1924
  21. ↑ pg. 1. The Star. 26 October 1861
  22. ↑ pg. 4. Border Watch. Friday 8 November 1861
  23. ↑ pg. 4. The Argus Thursday 25 February 1864
  24. ↑ TORNADO AT BEECEWORTH. OVENS ADVERTISER, OCT. 28, 1865
  25. ↑ "General News.". The Queenslander (Brisbane, Qld. : 1866 - 1939) (Brisbane, Qld.: National Library of Australia). 26 February 1876. p. 26. Retrieved 9 June 2013.
  26. ↑ Pg. 5 The Advertiser. 23 November 1897
  27. ↑ Pg 2. Queanbeyan Age Wednesday 24 November 1897
  28. ↑ THE TORNADO AT NHILL, DESCRIPTION BY AN EYEWITNESS. North Otago Times, Volume XXXVI, Issue 9079, 13 December 1897, Page 4
  29. ↑ "Tornado at Nevertire". pg. 7. Launceston Examiner. 1 January 1897
  30. ↑ pg 2. Barrier Miner. 6 December 1900
  31. ↑ "Destructive Tornado at Narrabri. Houses Levelled to the Ground". pg 3. Clarence and Richmond Examiner. 7 January 1902
  32. ↑ "The Ballarat Tornado" p6. The Mercury. 25 August 1909
  33. ↑ "Furious Storm at Ballarat - several houses demolished, woman crushed to death, several persons injured" p5. The West Australian. 23 August 1909
  34. 1 2 "On this day in history: first picture of a tornado in Australia". Australian Geographic. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
  35. ↑ "The Brighton Cyclone 2nd February 1918". Brighton Historical Society Inc. Retrieved 2008-06-09.
  36. 1 2 3 4 "Tornadoes". Commonwealth of Australia. Bureau of Meteorology. Archived from the original on 17 March 2009. Retrieved 2008-06-09.
  37. ↑ "Major historic severe weather". Commonwealth of Australia. Geoscience Australia. Retrieved 2008-06-09.
  38. ↑ "Tornado at Portarlington" p4. The Argus. 10 January 1921
  39. ↑ "Waterspout at Corio Bay" p3. Geraldton Guardian. 13 January 1921
  40. ↑ pg 5. Examiner 23 July 1926
  41. ↑ "Geelong Tornado. Relief Committee at Work" pg 12. The Argus. 27 July 1926
  42. ↑ "Home". Inflowimages.com. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
  43. ↑ Nov. 19, 2013, 10:33 a.m. (2013-11-19). "Remembering the '62 tornado which killed three | Port Macquarie News". Portnews.com.au. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
  44. 1 2 "A Complete History of Tornadoes in WA". Inflow Images. Retrieved 2008-06-09.
  45. ↑ "For Strong Winds: Tornadoes of Australia and New Zealand". Islandnet.com. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
  46. ↑ "EMA Disasters Database". Commonwealth of Australia. Emergency Management Australia. Retrieved 2008-06-09.
  47. ↑ "Home". Inflowimages.com. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
  48. ↑ "Sandon Tornado VIC". Inflow Images. Retrieved 2008-06-09.
  49. ↑ "The Northam Tornado". Inflow Images. Retrieved 2008-06-09.
  50. ↑ "Bureau - Severe Storm Events - 1970/1979". www.bom.gov.au. Retrieved 2016-03-09.
  51. ↑ http://distriqt.com, distriqt //. "Severe Storm - Newcastle, Sydney, Wollongong 1978". Australian Emergency Management Knowledge Hub. Retrieved 2016-03-09.
  52. ↑ Nov. 20, 2013, 8 a.m. (2013-11-20). "The great twister of 1985 | Port Macquarie News". Portnews.com.au. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
  53. ↑ Ingall, Jennifer (2013-11-27). "Tornadoes not so uncommon - ABC New England North West NSW - Australian Broadcasting Corporation". Abc.net.au. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
  54. ↑ Ben Quinn (1989-12-24). "BSCH - Recent Events - Christmas Eve 1989 Tornadic Supercell". Bsch.au.com. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
  55. ↑ "Event - Chisholm, ACT: Tornado". EMA Disasters Database. Australian Government: Emergency Management Australia.
  56. ↑ "Tucabia Tornado: Saturday 20th November 1993". Australian Severe Weather. Retrieved 2008-06-09.
  57. 1 2 http://www.bom.gov.au/nsw/sevwx/9000summ.shtml
  58. ↑ https://web.archive.org/20080916091501/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/54273a46a9c753b3ca256d0900180220/b3212955d6fc1e73ca256d3300057c10?OpenDocument. Archived from the original on September 16, 2008. Retrieved March 11, 2009. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  59. ↑ "Severe Thunderstorms". Commonwealth of Australia. Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 2008-06-09.
  60. ↑ "Significant Weather - September 1996". Commonwealth of Australia. Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 2008-06-09.
  61. ↑ "EMA Disasters Database". Commonwealth of Australia. Emergency Management Australia. Retrieved 2012-04-15.
  62. ↑ "Severe Thunderstorms in WA, Australia, 25 August 1999". Bureau of Meteorology. Archived from the original on 10 March 2009. Retrieved 25 December 2012.
  63. ↑ https://web.archive.org/20110327104637/http://www.bom.gov.au/nsw/sevwx/tornadofact.shtml. Archived from the original on March 27, 2011. Retrieved February 4, 2011. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  64. ↑ "'Twister' horror for Sydney-Hobart yachts". CNN. December 28, 2001.
  65. ↑ "MonthlyClimate Summary - South Australian Regional Office (May 2002)". Commonwealth of Australia. Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 2008-06-09.
  66. ↑ "Summary of Significant Severe Thunderstorm Events in NSW - 2002/03". Commonwealth of Australia. Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 2008-06-09.
  67. ↑ "Facts on Tornadoes in NSW". Commonwealth of Australia. Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 2008-06-09.
  68. ↑ "Bendigo Tornado". Australian Sky & Weather. Retrieved 2008-06-09.
  69. ↑ Baker, Richard; Rood, David (2003-05-20). "'It was a dead-set tornado all right'". Fairfax (Melbourne: The Age). Retrieved 2008-06-09.
  70. ↑ "Tornado strikes in Grampians". Fairfax. The Stawell Times-News. 2004-01-16. Retrieved 2008-06-09.
  71. ↑ Webster, Andrew (June 11, 2004). "Twister's trail leaves households reeling". The Age (Melbourne).
  72. ↑ "Tornado near Coonabarabran 2005 Jan 20". Siding Spring Survey. Retrieved 2008-06-09.
  73. ↑ "Severe Storm Events - 2005/2006". BoM. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
  74. ↑ http://www.bom.gov.au/inside/services_policy/public/sigwxsum/pdf/sigw0806.pdf
  75. ↑ Welch, Dylan (2003-05-20). "Sixty homes hit by tornado". Fairfax (Melbourne: The Age). Retrieved 2008-06-09.
  76. ↑ "SIGNIFICANT WEATHER – August 2006" (PDF). Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 2016-02-27.
  77. ↑ "Tornado causes severe damage in Kakadu National Park". Commonwealth of Australia. Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 2008-06-09.
  78. ↑ Martin, Steve (2007-05-15). "Pictures of the You Yangs twister - ABC South West Vic - Australian Broadcasting Corporation". Abc.net.au. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
  79. ↑ http://www.adelaidenow.com.au/news/south-australia/mini-tornado-hits-south/story-e6frea83-1111113581396
  80. ↑ "Dunoon Tornado - near Lismore, NSW". Australia Severe Weather (Jimmy Deguara). 2007-10-27. Retrieved 2008-06-08.
  81. ↑ "Village cops battering as freak twister pays a visit". Fairfax (Sydney Morning Herald). 2007-10-28. Retrieved 2008-06-08.
  82. ↑ "Village cops battering as freak twister pays a visit". APN News & Media Ltd. The Northern Star. Retrieved 2008-06-08.
  83. ↑ "Ballarat Tornado, Australia - 20th December 2007". Stormchasers.au.com. 2007-12-20. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
  84. ↑ "Perth tornado 'may have hit 150km/h'". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. ABC News. 2008-06-09. Retrieved 2008-06-09.
  85. ↑ https://web.archive.org/20090926125805/http://www.canberratimes.com.au/news/local/news/general/twists-and-turns-on-road-to-canberra/1394600.aspx. Archived from the original on September 26, 2009. Retrieved June 2, 2010. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  86. ↑ "Weather News - Tornado tears through crops". Weatherzone.com.au. 2010-02-17. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
  87. ↑ Tatnell, Paul (3 June 2010). "Waterspout wrecks homes in NSW town as storm hits hard". Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 3 June 2010.
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  89. ↑ Jamali, Dellaram (2010-08-02). "Storm destroys hundreds of trees at Trawalla". The Courier. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
  90. ↑ Gerritsen, Tim (2010-07-31). "Tornado rips through Penola - ABC South East SA - Australian Broadcasting Corporation". Abc.net.au. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
  91. ↑ "Weather News - Wild weather causes mini-tornado". Weatherzone.com.au. 2010-08-11. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
  92. ↑ Delaney, Anne; Coleman, Chris (4 February 2011). "Dante's Tornado". ABC Riverina (Australian Broadcasting Corporation). Retrieved 7 February 2011.
  93. ↑ Adlam, Nigel (8 March 2011), Tornado blows tourists away, NT News, retrieved 8 March 2011
  94. ↑ Archived March 2, 2011, at the Wayback Machine.
  95. ↑ "Tornado sweeps across Ballarat". The Courier. 2011-04-20. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
  96. ↑ Styles, Aja (20 May 2011). "Mini-tornado hits Canning Vale as storm tears through Perth". WAtoday.com.au. Retrieved 20 May 2011.
  97. ↑ "Rainy days for WA". 702 ABC Perth (Australian Broadcasting Corporation). 20 May 2011. Retrieved 20 May 2011.
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  99. ↑ Dow, Aisha (2011-11-08). "'Tornado' rips apart homes, lashes villages". The Border Mail. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
  100. ↑ http://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/more-news/hail-barrage-inflicts-holiday-havoc-on-christmas-day/story-fn7x8me2-1226230033794
  101. ↑ "Tornado hits Snowy Mountains". The Sydney Morning Herald. 20 January 2012.
  102. ↑ "Tech Report No 58 Investigation of Townsville Tornado, 20 March 2012 — Cyclone Testing Station (CTS) - James Cook University". Jcu.edu.au. 2012-03-20. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
  103. ↑ https://web.archive.org/20130506231549/http://www.townsvillebulletin.com.au/article/2012/03/20/315531_news.html. Archived from the original on May 6, 2013. Retrieved March 21, 2012. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  104. ↑ "Tornado strikes Black Ranges | The Stawell Times-News". Stawelltimes.com.au. 2012-05-31. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
  105. ↑ http://www.perthnow.com.au/news/western-australia/mini-tornado-hits-light-street-dianella/story-e6frg13u-1226388792016
  106. ↑ "Clean up continues after tornado's destruction - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)". Abc.net.au. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
  107. ↑ "Storm threat eases in Tasmania - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)". Abc.net.au. 2012-11-09. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
  108. ↑ "Tornadoes hit Queensland coastal towns". Brisbanetimes.com.au. 2013-01-26. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
  109. ↑ "Sixth tornado hits southeast Queensland". The Age (Melbourne).
  110. ↑ Mcilroy, Tom (2013-01-31). "‘Mini-tornado’ rips through Ballarat North". The Courier. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
  111. ↑ http://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/victoria/mini-tornado-damages-homes-causes-havoc-in-ballarat/story-e6frf7kx-1226566179361
  112. ↑ ['Mini-tornado' damages Ballarat http://www.weeklytimesnow.com.au/article/2013/02/01/558547_latest-news.html]
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References

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