List of United Nations peacekeeping missions

IDP camp in Sudan resulting from the Darfur conflict.
      Current Missions       Past Missions

This is a list of UN peacekeeping missions since the United Nations was founded in 1945, organized by region, with the dates of deployment, the name of the related conflict, and the name of the UN operation.

Peacekeeping, as defined by the United Nations, is a way to help countries torn by conflict create conditions for sustainable peace. UN peacekeepers—soldiers and military officers, civilian police officers and civilian personnel from many countries—monitor and observe peace processes that emerge in post-conflict situations and assist ex-combatants in implementing the peace agreements they have signed. Such assistance comes in many forms, including confidence-building measures, power-sharing arrangements, electoral support, strengthening the rule of law, and economic and social development. All operations must include the resolution of conflicts through the use of force to be considered valid under the charter of the United Nations.

The Charter of the United Nations gives the Security Council the power and responsibility to take collective action to maintain international peace and security. For this reason, the international community usually looks to the Security Council to authorize peacekeeping operations. Most of these operations are established and implemented by the United Nations itself with troops serving under UN operational command. In other cases, where direct UN involvement is not considered appropriate or feasible, the Council authorises regional organisations such as the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation, the Economic Community of West African States or coalitions of willing countries to implement certain peacekeeping or peace enforcement functions. In modern times, peacekeeping operations have evolved into many different functions, including diplomatic relations with other countries, international bodies of justice (such as the International Criminal Court), and eliminating problems such as landmines that can lead to new incidents of fighting.

Completed missions (55)

Africa

Dates of operation Name of Operation Location Conflict Website
1960–1964 United Nations Operation in the Congo (ONUC) Democratic Republic of the Congo Congo Congo Crisis
1988–1991 United Nations Angola Verification Mission I (UNAVEM I) Angola Angola Angolan Civil War
1989–1990 United Nations Transition Assistance Group (UNTAG) Namibia Namibia Namibian War of Independence
1991–1995 United Nations Angola Verification Mission II (UNAVEM II) Angola Angola Angolan Civil War
1992–1994 United Nations Operation in Mozambique (ONUMOZ) Mozambique Mozambique Mozambican Civil War
1992–1993 United Nations Operation in Somalia I (UNOSOM I) Somalia Somalia Somali Civil War
1993–1997 United Nations Observer Mission in Liberia (UNOMIL) Liberia Liberia First Liberian Civil War
1993–1994 United Nations Observer Mission Uganda-Rwanda (UNOMUR) Rwanda Rwanda Rwandan Civil War
Uganda Uganda
1993–1996 United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda (UNAMIR) Rwanda Rwanda Rwandan Civil War
1993–1995 United Nations Operation in Somalia II (UNOSOM II) Somalia Somalia Somali Civil War
1994 United Nations Aouzou Strip Observer Group (UNASOG) Chad Chad Aouzou Strip dispute
Libya Libya
1995–1997 United Nations Angola Verification Mission III (UNAVEM III) Angola Angola Angolan Civil War
1997–1999 United Nations Observer Mission in Angola (MONUA) Angola Angola Angolan Civil War
1998–1999 United Nations Observer Mission in Sierra Leone (UNOMSIL) Sierra Leone Sierra Leone Sierra Leone civil war
1998–2000 United Nations Mission in the Central African Republic (MINURCA) Central African Republic Central African Republic Central African Republic mutinies
1999–2005 United Nations Mission in Sierra Leone (UNAMSIL) Sierra Leone Sierra Leone Sierra Leone civil war
2000–2008 United Nations Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea (UNMEE) Eritrea Eritrea Eritrean-Ethiopian War
Ethiopia Ethiopia
2004–2007 United Nations Operation in Burundi (ONUB) Burundi Burundi Burundi Civil War
1999–2010 United Nations Organisation Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUC) Democratic Republic of the Congo Congo Second Congo War
2007–2010 United Nations Mission in the Central African Republic and Chad (MINURCAT) Chad
Central African Republic
Chad, Central African Republic Darfur Conflict, Civil war in Chad (2005–2010)
2005–2011 United Nations Mission in the Sudan (UNMIS) Sudan Sudan Second Sudanese Civil War

Americas

Dates of operation Name of Operation Location Conflict Website
1965–1966 Mission of the Representative of the Secretary-General in the Dominican Republic (DOMREP) Dominican Republic Dominican Republic Operation Power Pack
1989–1992 United Nations Observer Group in Central America (ONUCA) Costa Rica Central America1 Nicaraguan Civil War
El Salvador
Guatemala
Honduras
Nicaragua
1991–1995 United Nations Observer Mission in El Salvador (ONUSAL) El Salvador El Salvador El Salvador Civil War
1993–1996 United Nations Mission in Haiti (UNMIH) Haiti Haiti 1991 coup and military rule in Haiti
1996–1997 United Nations Support Mission in Haiti (UNSMIH) Haiti Haiti Stabilizing Haiti's new democracy
1997 United Nations Verification Mission in Guatemala (MINUGUA) Guatemala Guatemala Guatemalan Civil War
1997 United Nations Transition Mission in Haiti (UNTMIH) Haiti Haiti Training of the Haitian National Police
1997–2000 United Nations Civilian Police Mission in Haiti (MIPONUH) Haiti Haiti Training of the Haitian National Police
2000–2001 United Nations General Assembly International Civilian Support Mission in Haiti (MICAH) Haiti Haiti Training of the Haitian National Police

1. ^ Shown are the flags of the five countries in which ONUCA operated. They are in this order (sorted alphabetically): Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua.

Asia

Dates of operation Name of Operation Location Conflict Website
1962–1963 United Nations Security Force in West New Guinea (UNSF) Netherlands Netherlands New Guinea Transfer of sovereignty over West New Guinea
Indonesia Indonesia
1965–1966 United Nations India-Pakistan Observation Mission (UNIPOM) India India Indo-Pakistani War of 1965
Pakistan Pakistan
1988–1990 United Nations Good Offices Mission in Afghanistan and Pakistan (UNGOMAP) Afghanistan Afghanistan Soviet-Afghan War
Pakistan Pakistan
1991–1992 United Nations Advance Mission in Cambodia (UNAMIC) Cambodia Cambodia Vietnamese Occupation of Cambodia
1992–1993 United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC) Cambodia Cambodia Vietnamese Occupation of Cambodia
1994–2000 United Nations Mission of Observers in Tajikistan (UNMOT) Tajikistan Tajikistan Tajikistan Civil War
1999 United Nations Mission in East Timor (UNAMET) East Timor East Timor1 Indonesian invasion of East Timor
Indonesia
1999–2002 The United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor (UNTAET) East Timor East Timor Indonesian invasion of East Timor
Indonesia
2002–2005 United Nations Mission of Support in East Timor (UNMISET) East Timor East Timor Indonesian invasion of East Timor
2006–2012 United Nations Integrated Mission in Timor-Leste (UNMIT) East Timor East Timor 2006 East Timor crisis

1. ^ Shown are the flags of the newly independent East Timor and its former occupier, Indonesia (in that order).

Europe

Dates of operation Name of Operation Location Conflict Website
1992–1995 United Nations Protection Force (UNPROFOR) Bosnia and Herzegovina Former Yugoslavia1 Yugoslav wars
Croatia
Republic of Macedonia
Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
1993–2009 United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia (UNOMIG) Georgia (country) Georgia Abkhazian War
1994–1996 United Nations Confidence Restoration Operation (UNCRO) Croatia Croatia Croatian War
1995–2002 United Nations Mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina (UNMIBH) Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnian War
1995–1999 United Nations Preventive Deployment Force (UNPREDEP) Republic of Macedonia Republic of Macedonia Aftermath of the Yugoslav wars
1996–1998 United Nations Transitional Authority in Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Sirmium (UNTAES) Croatia Croatia Croatian War
1996–2002 United Nations Mission of Observers in Prevlaka (UNMOP) Croatia Prevlaka Peninsula2 Prevlaka territorial dispute
Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
1998 United Nations Civilian Police Support Group (UNPSG) Croatia Croatia Croatian War

1. ^ This mission operated within the former Yugoslav successor states of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro). The flags are shown in this order.

2. ^ Prevlaka Peninsula was claimed by both Croatia and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro) and the flags are shown in this order. Upon resolution, all parties accepted Croatia's claim to the territory.

Middle East

Dates of operation Name of Operation Location Conflict Website
1956–1967 First United Nations Emergency Force (UNEF I) Egypt Egypt Suez Crisis
Israel Israel
1958 United Nations Observation Group in Lebanon (UNOGIL) Lebanon Lebanon Lebanon crisis of 1958
1963–1964 United Nations Yemen Observation Mission (UNYOM) Yemen Arab Republic Yemen Yemen Civil War (See also Yemen Arab Republic)
1973–1979 Second United Nations Emergency Force (UNEF II) Egypt Egypt Yom Kippur War
Israel Israel
1988–1991 United Nations Iran-Iraq Military Observer Group (UNIIMOG) Iran Iran Iran–Iraq War
Iraq Iraq
1991–2003 United Nations Iraq-Kuwait Observation Mission (UNIKOM) Iraq Iraq Gulf War
Kuwait Kuwait
2012 United Nations Supervision Mission in Syria (UNSMIS) Syria Syria Syrian civil war

Current deployment (16)

Africa

Start of operation Name of Operation Location Conflict Website
1991 United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO) Sahrawi Arab Democratic RepublicMorocco Western Sahara Western Sahara conflict
2003 United Nations Mission in Liberia (UNMIL) Liberia Liberia Second Liberian Civil War
2004 United Nations Operation in Côte d'Ivoire (UNOCI) Ivory Coast Côte d'Ivoire Civil war in Côte d'Ivoire
2007 United Nations/African Union Mission in Darfur (UNAMID) Sudan Sudan War in Darfur
2010 United Nations Organisation Stabilisation Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO) Democratic Republic of the Congo Congo Kivu conflict
2011 United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) Sudan Sudan Abyei conflict
2011 United Nations Mission in the Republic of South Sudan (UNMISS) South Sudan South Sudan Ethnic violence in South Sudan
South Sudanese Civil War
1 July 2013 Multidimensional Integrated Stabilisation Mission in Mali (MINUSMA) Mali Mali Northern Mali conflict
2014 United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilisation Mission in the Central African Republic (MINUSCA) Central African Republic Central African Republic Central African Republic conflict

Americas

Start of operation Name of Operation Location Conflict Website
2004 United Nations Stabilisation Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH) Haiti Haiti 2004 Haiti rebellion

Asia

Start of operation Name of Operation Location Conflict Website
1949 United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan (UNMOGIP) PakistanIndia Kashmir Kashmir conflict

Europe

Start of operation Name of Operation Location Conflict Website
1964 United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP) CyprusNorthern Cyprus Cyprus1 Cyprus dispute
1999 United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK) SerbiaKosovo Kosovo2 Kosovo War

Middle East

Start of operation Name of Operation Location Conflict Website
1948 United Nations Truce Supervision Organisation (UNTSO) Middle East (Monitors the various ceasefires and assists UNDOF and UNIFIL)
1974 United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF) Syria Golan Heights Agreed withdrawal by Syrian and Israeli forces following the Yom Kippur War.
1978 United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) Lebanon Lebanon Israeli invasion of Lebanon and 2006 Israel-Lebanon conflict

1. ^ The United Nations and all foreign governments but Turkey recognise the sovereignty of the Republic of Cyprus, whose flag is shown first, over the whole island of Cyprus. The second flag is that of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, a de facto state, by virtue of controlling the northern third of the island, which is recognised only by Turkey.

2. ^ The first flag is the flag of Serbia, used by Republic of Serbia which claims sovereignty over Kosovo. The second is the flag of the Republic of Kosovo which is in de facto control over the territory. As of 23 June 2015, it is recognised by 110 UN member countries. For more information see Kosovo.

See also

References

See individual mission websites with their listing.
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