List of Washington Redskins name change advocates

The Washington Redskins name controversy involves the name and logo of the National Football League (NFL) franchise located in the Washington, D.C. metropolitan area. Native American individuals, tribes and organizations have been questioning the use of the name and image for decades. Over 115 professional organizations representing civil rights, educational, athletic, and scientific experts have published resolutions or policies that state that the use of Native American names and/or symbols by non-native sports teams is a harmful form of ethnic stereotyping that promote misunderstanding and prejudice which contributes to other Americans.[1] The Washington, D.C. team is only one example of the Native American mascot controversy, but it receives the most public attention due to the name itself being defined as derogatory or insulting in modern dictionaries, and the prominence of the team representing the nation's capital.

Native Americans and organizations advocating change

In the 1940s the National Congress of American Indians (NCAI) created a campaign to eliminate negative stereotyping of Native American people in the media. Over time, the campaign began to focus on Indian names and mascots in sports.[2] The NCAI maintains that teams with mascots such as the Braves and the Redskins perpetuate negative stereotypes of Native American people, and demean their native traditions and rituals.[3] The NCAI issued a new report in 2013 summarizing opposition to Indian mascots and team names generally, and the Washington Redskins in particular.[4] In the trademark case, the TTAB placed significance on the NCAI opposition, estimating that the organization represented about 30% of the Native American population at the time the trademarks were granted, which met their criteria for a "substantial composite" of Native Americans finding the name disparaging.[5]

The following groups have passed resolutions or issued statements regarding their opposition to the name of the Washington NFL team:

Tribes

Organizations

  • Advocates for American Indian Children (California)
  • American Indian Mental Health Association (Minnesota)
  • American Indian Movement[22]
  • American Indian Opportunities Industrialization Center of San Bernardino County
  • American Indian Student Services at the Ohio State University
  • American Indian High Education Consortium
  • American Indian College Fund
  • Americans for Indian Opportunity
  • Association on American Indian Affairs
  • Buncombe County Native American Inter-tribal Association (North Carolina)
  • Capitol Area Indian Resources (Sacramento, CA)
  • Concerned American Indian Parents (Minnesota)
  • Council for Indigenous North Americans (University of Southern Maine)
  • Eagle and Condor Indigenous Peoples’ Alliance
  • First Peoples Worldwide
  • Fontana Native American Indian Center, Inc. (California)
  • Governor’s Interstate Indian Council
  • Greater Tulsa Area Indian Affairs Commission[23]
  • Great Lakes Inter-Tribal Council (Wisconsin)
  • HONOR – Honor Our Neighbors Origins and Rights
  • Kansas Association for Native American Education
  • Maryland Commission on Indian Affairs
  • Medicine Wheel Inter-tribal Association (Louisiana)
  • Minnesota Indian Education Association
  • National Congress of American Indians (NCAI)
  • National Indian Child Welfare Association
  • National Indian Education Association
  • National Indian Youth Council
  • National Native American Law Student Association
  • Native American Caucus of the California Democratic Party
  • Native American Finance Officers Association (NAFOA)[24]
  • Native American Journalists Association[25]
  • Native American Indian Center of Central Ohio
  • Native American Journalists Association
  • Native American Rights Fund (NARF)
  • Native Voice Network
  • Nebraska Commission on Indian Affairs
  • Nottawaseppi Huron Band of Potawatomi (Michigan)
  • Not Your Mascots, Inc.
  • North Carolina Commission of Indian Affairs
  • North Dakota Indian Education Association
  • Office of Native American Ministry, Diocese of Grand Rapids (Michigan)
  • Ohio Center for Native American Affairs
  • San Bernardino/Riverside Counties Native American Community Council
  • Seminole Nation of Oklahoma
  • Society of American Indian Government Employees (SAIGE)
  • Society of Indian Psychologists of the Americas
  • Southern California Indian Center
  • St. Cloud State University – American Indian Center
  • Tennessee Chapter of the National Coalition for the Preservation of Indigenous Cultures
  • Tennessee Commission of Indian Affairs
  • Tennessee Native Veterans Society
  • Tulsa Indian Coalition Against Racism[26]
  • The Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation
  • Unified Coalition for American Indian Concerns, Virginia
  • The United Indian Nations of Oklahoma
  • Virginia American Indian Cultural Resource Center
  • Wisconsin Indian Education Association
  • WIEA "Indian" Mascot and Logo Taskforce (Wisconsin)
  • Woodland Indian Community Center-Lansing (Michigan)
  • Youth "Indian" Mascot and Logo Task force (Wisconsin)

After accepting $200,000 from the Washington Redskins Original Americans Foundation for the prior year, the Indian National Finals Rodeo (INFR), which says it is the U.S.' and Canada's largest rodeo organization for Native Americans, sent a letter refusing any further donations. INFR Vice President Michael Bo Vocu stated “After much soul searching, we have decided that we cannot in good conscience accept resources from you on the terms you have offered, no matter how desperately we need it ... because, as you know, the resources you are offering are not truly philanthropic -- they come with the expectation that we will support the racial slur that continues to promote your associated professional football team’s name.” Last year the Redskins primary logo appeared at many Native rodeo events, creating a backlash from those offended by it.[27]

Individuals

Interviews at a powwow in Towson, Maryland find several Native Americans who favor a change of the Redskins name.[28]

These Native Americans have put their opposition to the Redskins' name on the public record:

  • Sherman Alexie (Spokane, author): "Most, you know, at least half the country thinks the mascot issue is insignificant. But I think it's indicative of the ways in which Indians have no cultural power."[29]
  • Bruce Anderson (Coquille people): "I challenge [owner Dan Snyder] to focus on winning ... but also an opportunity for me to simply sit with my grandchildren to watch my former team without having to cut through the racial stereotypes."[30]
  • Irene Bedard (Inupiat, Inuit and Métis, actress): She's really upset about some of the costumes the cheerleaders have worn through the years -- calling them over sexualized and "degrading" to proud Native American women like herself.[31]
  • Notah Begay (Navajo, PGA pro golfer) called the Redskins' name "a very clear example of institutionalized degradation of an ethnic minority."[32]
  • Clyde Bellecourt (Ojibwe, co-founder of the American Indian Movement)[33]
  • Bob Burns (Blackfeet elder)[34]
  • Ben Nighthorse Campbell (Northern Cheyenne, U.S. Senator)[35]
  • Gregg Deal (Paiute Tribe of Pyramid Lake, artist/activist, and DC Area resident): "People aren’t just emboldened by their team to treat poorly those of us that would oppose such "honor." They are actually empowered in being aggressive to the point of assault, verbal or physical, threatened or made good. I live in a world where I must coach my children not to talk about such things publicly in school because a classmate may come at them, or even a teacher. The threat of aggression because of who we are is real and enabled by the Washington Redskins. That is not a complaint; that is the truth."[36]
  • Vine Deloria, Jr. (Sioux, historian/author)[37]
  • Jim Enote (Zuni), director of the A:shiwi A:wan Museum and Heritage Center in New Mexico[38][39]
  • Louise Erdrich (Chippewa, novelist/poet) - "It’s more than a stereotype, it’s an insult, and they don’t have to perpetuate it."[40]
  • Claudia Fox Tree (Arawak, teacher) - "It’s part of a much larger issue in that those sort of depictions are our only representation in modern America. It isn’t just the sin of stereotypes and misinformation, it’s the sin of absence – of not seeing yourself or the people you come from anywhere, of not seeing any contemporary images."[41]
  • Kevin Gover (Pawnee, director of The Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of the American Indian)[42]
  • Suzan Shown Harjo (Cheyenne/Hodulgee Muscogee, author/activist)[43]
  • Tara Houska (Ojibwe/Couchiching First Nation, attorney/activist) [44]
  • Bronson Koenig (Ho-Chunk Nation, Wisconsin Badgers guard)[45]
  • Litefoot (Cherokee/Chichimeca, rapper) ironically celebrates Native American team names as "recreational genocide" on the track 'Stereotipik'.[46]
  • Dana Lone Hill (Oglala Lakota Sioux, writer): The refusal to rename the Redskins is far worse than Donald Sterling's racist remarks.[47]
  • Russell Means (Oglala Lakota, activist/actor)[48]
  • Billy Mills (Sioux, Olympic gold medal winner)[49]
  • Ted Nolan (First Nations Ojibway, NHL player and coach)[50]
  • Oklahoma businessman Ryan Red Corn (Osage): Dan Snyder is an "idiot" for keeping the name.[51]
  • Buford Rolin (Creek tribal chairman)[52]
  • Gyasi Ross (Blackfeet Nation/Suquamish Territories, author/attorney): Regarding team supporters citing larger issue faced by Native Americans than a team name, "Native people shouldn't be forced to choose between living or racial discrimination. Those are false binaries."[53]
  • Shoni Schimmel (Umatilla, Louisville Cardinals guard, class of 2015)[54]
  • Charlene Teters (Spokane, artist/lecturer)[55]
  • Summer Wesley (Choctaw attorney, writer, and activist)[56]
  • W. Richard West Jr. (Cheyenne, President of the Autry National Center in Los Angeles): Redskin is "an openly derogatory term. It always is and it always has been." West also characterizes the Original American's Foundation as an "attempt to divert attention from the fact that his team’s nickname is coming under increasing heat from people who think it’s an offensive racial term."[57]
  • Ray Young Bear (Meskwaki, author)[58]

Civil rights and religious organizations

Politicians and government agencies

A Native American parent, with the support of the local Native American Bar Association, has asked the school board of Montgomery County, Maryland to amend the dress code to ban students or staff from wearing clothing bearing the name or logo of any Native American mascot in any county school. The problem is presented as stereotypes promoted by mascots, but special mention was made of the name Redskins being a slur. A school board spokesman stated that previous complaints have been made, but handled on a individually.[66]

Political opinion

Statements by political figures have generally been expressions of personal opinion rather than recommendations for government action. There have also been non-binding resolutions proposed in New Jersey[67] and passed in Minneapolis,[68] New York State[69][70] and California.[71]

Although the majority of those advocating a name change are Democrats, there is no indication that the issue is of any real significance in electoral decisions given that Native Americans are such a small percentage of the electorate and are not likely to influence the outcome of any election. There are only eight states where Natives make up greater than 2 percent of the population: Alaska, Arizona, Montana, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Dakota and Wyoming.[72] However, polls show a definite political difference in the opinion of the general public, with only 58% of Democrats opposing a name change versus 89% of Republicans.[73]

The topic came up in a 2013 interview of President Barack Obama, who stated that if he were the owner of the Redskins, he would consider changing the name because it offends many Native Americans, but that he didn't " have a stake " in the issue as he is not an owner of a professional sports team.[74] In direct response Lanny Davis repeated the team position that no offense is intended to Native Americans, and refers to both the 2004 poll and a recent AP poll that show a large majority of people nationally support the continued use of the name.[75] However, in November, 2015 Obama, speaking at the White House Tribal Nations Conference, stated "Names and mascots of sports teams like the Washington Redskins perpetuate negative stereotypes of Native Americans" and praised Adidas for a new initiative to help schools change names and mascots by designing new logos and paying for part of the cost of new uniforms.[76]

Both House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi (D-Calif.) and Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid (D-Nev.) have stated that the name should be changed.[77][78] In an interview on May 2, 2014, Senator John McCain (R-Ariz.) stated that he would probably change the name because there are Native Americans who are offended.[79] Attorney General Eric Holder gave his personal opinion, as a fan of the team, the name should change, saying that it is offensive.[80] In a television interview Hillary Clinton said that the name should change because it is insensitive.[81]

On May 22, 2014, fifty U.S. Senators, forty-eight Democrats and two Independents, sent a letter[82] to NFL Commissioner Goodell asking the league, referencing the Donald Sterling case, "send the same clear message as the NBA did: that racism and bigotry have no place in professional sports." Five Democratic Senators declined to sign the letter, and Republicans were not invited to do so.[83] In his weekly conference call with Iowa reporters June 26, 2014, U.S. Senator Tom Harkin said "It has become clear to me over time that the name of the "Washington Redskins" is an affront to Native Americans and it is time to change it." [84] No Senators have publicly supported the name, but rather have either declined to give an opinion or stated their opposition to Senate involvement in the issue.[85][86] In 2016, U.S. Rep. John Kakto, (R-Camillus) became one of only three Republicans to advocate a change in a letter sent to NFL Commissioner Roger Goodell, who responded that a name change is for the team to decide.[87]

In March 2016 Presidential candidate Bernie Sanders stated his opposition to the name.[88]

DC Metro area jurisdictions

The Council of the District of Columbia passed a resolution on November 5, 2013 stating its position that the name should be changed.[89] On May 19, 2015, the five-member County Board of Arlington County, Virginia, adopted a resolution calling on the owners of the Redskins to change a team name that the Board said is “objectionable to many Americans, Virginians and Arlingtonians.”[90][91] While a Board member supporting the resolution stated that he was descended from the Mayans, two members abstained from voting, stating that they did not agree that the Board should take a position on the issue.[90]

Much of the local political discussion has been about building a stadium, beginning in the 1990s when a Maryland location was chosen for the what is now FedEx Field.[92] With the possibility of building a new stadium in the near future, both the previous[93] and current mayors of the District of Columbia have stated that a name change must be part of the discussion,[94] however the team rejects that possibiltiy.[95] Virginia Governor Terry McAuliffe has met with the owner to discuss the building of a new stadium in Virginia.[96] For many years, beginning with the departure of the Baltimore Colts, the Redskins were the only NFL team in a large area from Maryland into the southern states. This is slowly changing as Maryland NFL fans move to the Baltimore Ravens.[97] Many Maryland politicians have stated that the name should change,[98][99][100] but the current governor opposes any change, also citing the desire to keep the stadium in Maryland.[101] Virginia fans are now the more numerous and dedicated supporters of the Redskins, and the state and local governments have used economic incentives to encourage the team's relocation of its facilities there, and maintain that the name is entirely a business decision for the team to make.[102][103][104][105]

Department of Interior

Interior Secretary Sally Jewell, while expressing her personal opinion that she is surprised that the name has not changed given the racial overtones of referring to skin color, also states that tribal leaders do not bring up the issue in discussions with her.[106] However, Jewell, in response to DC Mayor Muriel Bowser's expressed interest in having the team return to the city, stated that the National Park Service, which owns the land, would not likely allow a new stadium to be constructed without a name change.[107]

Federal Communications Commission

Led by Reed E. Hundt, chairman of the FCC from 1993 to 1997, other former Federal Communications Commission (FCC) officials and experts in communications law sent a letter in 2013 to the current chairman of the FCC asking that the use of "redskin" by broadcast media be regulated in the same manner as other racially charged words. Other racial slurs are generally prohibited entirely based upon FCC rules regarding profanity and obscenity; or the name could have only limited use based upon whether its use is in the public interest.[108][109][110] In particular, Hundt argued that Snyder should be declared unfit to own radio stations (he owns Red Zebra Broadcasting, owners of Redskins flagship station WTEM) because the FCC "has been reluctant to give broadcast licenses to people who advocate racially intolerant positions".[111] Jessica Rosenworcel is the only current FCC commissioner so far to publicly state that she has concerns about the name, and recognizes that it is offensive to a number of people.[112] The current head of the FCC, Tom Wheeler, agrees that the name is derogatory and should be changed, but does not plan to use the power of the agency to force the change.[113] George Washington University law professor John Banzhaf challenged the licensing of the radio stations operated by Red Zebra Broadcasting, and those of the TV affiliates of the broadcast networks that air NFL games, on the basis of the term "Redskins" being a racial slur that should not be routinely used, particularly during prime time when children are listening.[114][115] A report on the high incidence of violence against Native American children by non-natives is being cited as evidence that the use of the word Redskins is not only a racial slur but is "hate speech" which should be regulated by the FCC. The report comes from the Attorney General's Advisory Committee on American Indian and Alaska Native Children Exposed to Violence. Native American petitioners in the cases filed by Banzhaf state that they have experienced or witnessed harm to Native Americans which they believe was caused by "the frequent repetitive use of the word 'R*dskins' on the air."[116] On December 18, 2014 the FCC rejected Banzhaf's petition regarding WWXX-FM on the basis that "Redskins" is not profanity, which is defined as being sexual or excretory in nature.[117]

Editorial policies regarding use of the name

Print publications

The Associated Press (AP) stylebook review committee is considering whether Redskins is an offensive term that should be removed from its stories.[118] Major news organizations continue to use the Redskins name;[119] however, the following publications limit their use of the team nickname, although most said they would not strike "Redskins" from quotations:

These publications, while continuing to print the name, have published editorials advocating a change:

Washington Post

The Washington Post is the oldest and largest newspaper in the team's hometown. The Post first published an editorial in opposition to the name in 1992, saying it "is really pretty offensive."[142] An editorial on July 28, 2014 took note of the increasing number of individual and organizations advocating a change: "Every new objection to the use of the word makes it harder for Mr. Snyder to kid himself that he’s helping his team or its fans by holding onto a name that, at bottom, is a racial slur with no place in civilized society." [143]

On August 22, 2014 The Post took the additional step of stating that the name will no longer be used in editorials, although it will continue to appear in other sections of the newspaper: "Unlike our colleagues who cover sports and other news, we on the editorial board have the luxury of writing about the world as we would like it to be."[144] In addition, there are several writers/columnists for The Post (see section below) that have taken a personal stand in opposition to the continued use of the name.

Online publications

Broadcast media

Robert Lipsyte states that there has been discussion about the use of the name at ESPN, but it is unlikely that it or any other major sports network will stop using Redskins in reporting due to a general consensus that it should report the news (including the controversy) but not take sides, and that taking sides would injure their ability to cover the games. There are also the corporate affiliations that make it unlikely.[150] Steven Gaydos, Vice President & Executive Editor of Variety states his opinion that the broadcast networks should tackle the Redskins name issue.[151] Both the NFL and CBS Sports state that it is entirely up to individual announcers whether they use the name when covering a game.[152]

While not banning Redskins for it broadcasts, National Public Radio (NPR) has advised against the use of the name, stating: "As a responsible broadcaster, NPR has always set a high bar on use of language that may be offensive to our audience. Use of such language on the air has been strictly limited to situations where it is absolutely integral to the meaning and spirit of the story being told." [153] The NPR ombudsman Edward Schumacher-Matos states that the new guideline will likely result in the name rarely being used again on NPR.[154] At the beginning of the 2014 season, several networks report that the number of times "Redskins" was spoken during televised NFL game broadcasts has fallen 42% in 10 weeks compared to the same 10 week period in the previous year, while the use of "Washington" is up 10%.[155] An analysis of the entire 2014 regular season shows a 27% decline in the use of the name in NFL broadcasts compared to the prior year.[156]

Individual opinions

Advocates in sports for changing the name

  • Bruce Anderson is a member of the Coquille people who played for the Washington team in 1970. He faults the name and logo as perpetuation stereotypes such as thinking all tribes have a single identity; and by making that identity a commercial brand, something that is not done with regard to any other ethnic group.[30]
  • Champ Bailey, a former Redskins cornerback, said that "When you hear a Native American say that 'Redskins' is degrading, it's almost like the N-word for a black person. If they feel that way, then it's not right. They are part of this country. It's degrading to a certain race. Does it make sense to have the name?"[163]
  • Joey Browner, who says he is three-fourths indigenous, is a board member of the Minneapolis-based American Indian Movement (AIM) and was involved with the November 2, 2014 rally in Minneapolis opposing the Redskins name and logo.[164]
  • Former NFL referee Mike Carey has not officiated a Washington home or away game since 2006 due to the team name. "The league respectfully honored my request not to officiate Washington," Carey said. "It happened sometime after I refereed their playoff game in 2006, I think."[165]
  • Former NFL linebacker Harry Carson[61]
  • Actor and former Redskins defensive end/linebacker Terry Crews does not think the name of a team is important enough to keep if it offends anyone.[166]
  • Larry Dolan, owner of the Cleveland Indians, has criticized the Redskins' team name during a discussion of his own team's controversial Native American logo, Chief Wahoo.[167] According to Dolan, "If we were the Redskins, the day after I owned the team the name would have been changed".[167]
  • Former Redskins linebacker London Fletcher stated that after learning some of the history of the term, he became "a little bit uneasy" with the name, but a short time later was seen smiling at Redskins fans at the 2014 NFL draft while announcing the teams draft pick, wearing a Redskins t-shirt.[168]
  • Former NFL linebacker Scott Fujita: "Over/under on length of time before Washington football team joins the 21st Century?"[169]
  • Former Redskins running back Calvin Hill, who played for Washington from 1976–1977: "Why do we want to use terms that make people feel bad?"[170]
  • Mike Holmgren, former team president of the Cleveland Browns, stated in an interview that the name should absolutely change.[171]
  • New York Knicks team president Phil Jackson: "The use of the name Redskins is highly offensive."[169]
  • Former Redskins offensive tackle/guard Tre' Johnson: "I definitely think the name should be changed ... it's offensive because a group of people that that moniker represents has said so." [172]
  • Marv Kellum: "How can you have a [mascot] name like that once you know what it means?"[173]
  • Retired punter Chris Kluwe made many comments in opposition to the name, including that he would never play for the team.[174]
  • Marv Levy, former NFL coach: "...a crude word, even if not intended to insult."[175]
  • Randall McDaniel: "You can highlight the team’s history, but to be defiant and say it’s not affecting anyone is going through life with blinders on."[173]
  • Art Monk and Darrell Green, former Redskins players and Pro Football Hall of Famers, think a name change should be considered.[176]
  • Mark Murphy CEO of the Green Bay Packers and a former Redskins player: [nickname is] "derogatory to a lot of people".[177]
  • Roman Oben, former NFL offensive tackle : "Dan Snyder 'Would Make More Money' Changing the Redskins Name"[178]
  • Former Redskins guard Mark Schlereth, who played for Washington from 1989–1994: "It's a pejorative term. And it needs to change. I mean, you would never go into a conference of Native American people and walk up in front of them and refer to them as redskins." [179]
  • Richard Sherman, a player for the Seattle Seahawks, spoke out against the Redskins name saying "he wishes the NBA's Donald Sterling controversy would have been a catalyst to reignite the conversation over Washington's controversial team name."[180]
  • Former quarterback Sonny Sixkiller (Cherokee): "Redskins name is racist to me."[181]
  • Former NFL quarterback Roger Staubach: "If that name is derogatory to the Indian nation, I say get rid of it".[182]
  • Jason Taylor, a former defensive end/outside linebacker who played for Washington in 2008: "If you look it up in the dictionary, it's an offensive term. [...] If it offends anyone, the name should be out."[183]
  • Amy Trask, former CEO of the Oakland Raiders: "As a society, we should seek to inspire people to be tolerant and respectful of others, regardless of our differences. Using Redskins as the name of an NFL team does not further this goal."[184]
  • John Wooten, former player for the Cleveland Browns and Washington Redskins, expressed disappointment that the team refused his offer to mediate a face-to-face meeting with name change activists.[61]

Sports writers/commentators

The following individuals in the media have taken a position that the name should be changed, some also deciding that they will stop using it in their own reporting. However, one Native American journalist has observed that in the era of social media, not using the name is counter-productive since the team and its supporters will not know about opposing views in online articles or tweets that do not include the name of the team in a form that can be identified by search engines.[185]

  • James Arcellana, (SB Nation, Bay Area): "Much like pop culture has desensitized Americans to violence, it has also desensitized Americans to the blatant disrespect that still takes place on playing fields today through the use of these mascots."[186]
  • Tim Baffoe, (CBS Chicago): "For my small part, I feel that refusing to endorse the team name by using it in print will add to the slowly growing movement of writers who understand the absurdity in 2013 of using a racial epithet in sports."[187]
  • Jarrett Bell, (USA Today): "Redskins have a history of bigotry." [188]
  • Matthew Berry (ESPN) on why, after four decades as a fan of the team, he now say Washington rather than the name: "The name doesn't bother me. Hearing it doesn't cause me angst or pain or dredge up any personal history. You know why? Because I'm not Native American."[189]
  • Terry Bradshaw, (Fox NFL Sunday) in and interview with Larry King, agreed that it is just a name, so if it offends anyone, change it.[190]
  • Christine Brennan, (USA Today Sports): "It's the right thing to do. If that's not reason enough, try explaining and defending the nickname to a child. It's impossible."[191] In a subsequent column Brennan writes that the NFL Commissioner, Roger Goodell should make the decision that the owner is resisting.[192]
  • Michael Brick, (author, former sportswriter for the New York Times and third-generation fan of the Washington Redskins), on why he is not going to use the team’s nickname anymore: "When people tell you they are offended by a word describing an ethnic group, they do not have to prove it. You have the right to continue using that word. But then you are responsible for understanding the consequences of shifting from unintentionally to intentionally giving offense."[193]
  • James Brown (CBS Sports) - Now says "Do the right thing": change the name.[194] With regard to the intent of the owner and fans: "One can be sincere in how they use it, but sincerely wrong in understanding that it is offensive."[195]
  • Howard Bryant (ESPN): "Washington owner Daniel Snyder and NFL commissioner Roger Goodell continue to ignore history when they say they are fighting the pressure to change the name "Redskins" because they honor the heritage of the Native people. [...] There is no honor in the story, though." [196]
  • Cris Collinsworth: "Redskins’ no longer works"[197]
  • Bob Costas, (NBC Sports): Redskins’ name was "undeniably" a slur.[198][199] He also states that opposition to the name is not "political correctness run amok" given the definitions of redskin in modern dictionaries as offensive, unlike any other word associated with Native Americans such as Chiefs or Warriors.[200]
  • Lindsay Czarniak, (ESPN), while a fan of the team who grew up in Fairfax County, VA she now says "I prefer not to use the name".[201]
  • Frank Deford (NPR) suggests that everyone start calling the Washington team anything they want, as long it is not the Redskins.[202]
  • Ty Duffy, (USA Today) [203]
  • Danny Dundalk, (Baltimore Post-Examiner): "It isn’t often you have the opportunity to witness factors coming together to rapidly bring about a positive change... The controversy over the name of the Washington Redskins has escalated to the point where we could actually see a name change."[204]
  • Tony Dungy, former NFL coach and current NBC analyst: "A couple of weeks ago, someone asked Dungy in the NBC viewing room when the name should change. 'Fifteen years ago,' Dungy said."[205] He also says he will no longer use the name on-air.[206]
  • Gregg Easterbrook, senior editor of The New Republic and writer of Tuesday Morning Quarterback for ESPN.com.
  • Kevin Ewoldt, Managing Editor for HogsHaven.com: "It's the organization we root for and bond with, not a picture or mascot name."[207]
  • John Feinstein, sports columnist and commentator: "Daniel Snyder ‘knows no shame’."[208]
  • Mike Florio, (NBC Sports): [I]ntent doesn’t matter; people say unintentionally offensive things all the time...some Native Americans are offended, and the number seems to be increasing.[209]
  • Mike Francesa, (WFAN)[210]
  • Mike Freeman, (Bleacher Report), Marylander and lifelong Redskins fan: "I was arrogant in my belief there wasn't a single bigoted bone in my body, while unaware I loved a team that racially insulted a people." [211]
  • Christopher L. Gasper (The Boston Globe): "There is a line between tradition and exploitation, between personal offense and institutionalized insensitivity, between capitulating to political correctness and doing what’s right. The Washington Redskins and their obstinate owner, Daniel Snyder, are on the wrong side of that line."[212]
  • Bob Glauber, (Newsday)[213]
  • LZ Granderson, (ESPN)[214]
  • Tim Graham, (The Buffalo News): "The R-word should not tumble from our mouths so effortlessly, so thoughtlessly."[215]
  • Dan Graziano, (ESPN): "The word "Redskin" has a well-established history as a racist epithet, and such words have no business being sung and chanted in support of a professional sports team."[216]
  • Greg Gumbel, (CBS) has not used the name on-air for three years.[217]
  • Robert Harding, (The Citizen, Auburn, NY): "Some might call it political correctness. But I call it respect. Let's avoid racist and sexist jokes. Let's not bully or harass the vulnerable. Let's not use hateful language that might not be offensive to most, but hurts some."[218]
  • Sally Jenkins, (Washington Post): "It’s time the grown-ups talk sense into Daniel Snyder"[219] However, in response to the TTAB decision to cancel the team's trademark, Jenkins stated her opposition to government action on the issue, citing concern over freedom of speech implications of the decision.[220]
  • Roxanne Jones, (ESPN)[221]
  • Peter King, (Sports Illustrated): "I can do my job without using ['Redskins'], and I will."[222]
  • Tony Kornheiser, sports writer and ESPN commentator, wrote in 1992 that the name should change.[223]
  • Matt Miller, the lead NFL and NFL Draft analyst for Bleacher Report, stopped using the team name ‘Redskins’ in his writing — in reference to the Washington Redskins — a year ago, but says people are just now noticing.[224]
  • Phil Mushnick, (New York Post), makes two points: A name with any racial implications such as Redskins would not be selected for a new team today; and no one would refer to a Native American as a redskin to their face.[225]
  • Keith Olbermann (ESPN2), calls the term Redskin "the last racist term you can say at the office without getting fired".[226]
  • Bud Poliquin (The Post-Standard, Sycacuse, NY): "If it's true that prejudice is the divine right of fools, those who run that professional football team down in the nation's capital should wear jesters' garb."[227]
  • Joe Posnanski (NBC Sports) "As a lifelong football fan who loves the history of the game, I still find it almost impossible to believe we still call a team 'Redskins.'"[228]
  • Mark Purdy, (San Jose Mercury News): "How pathetic that in the year 2013, the National Football League, which is so marketing-slick and public-relations-obsessive, allows Washington's team a continuing pass on this easily corrected issue."[229]
  • Molly Qerim, (ESPN): “We have a team called the ‘Redskins’ in 2015, it’s unbelievable.”[230]
  • William C. Rhoden, (New York Times), compares Redskins owner Dan Snyder to former Governor George C. Wallace of Alabama, both being on the wrong side of history.[231]
  • Lisa Salters, (ESPN) will only refer to the team as Washington.[232]
  • Brad Sham, announcer for the Dallas Cowboys, tries to avoid using the name.[233]
  • Phil Simms, (CBS Lead Analyst): Says he is sensitive to the complaints about the name, and his instincts now are to refer to the team only as "Washington".[206]
  • John Smallwood, (Philadelphia Daily News): "I no longer will consciously used the official name of the NFL team in Washington"[234]
  • Stephen A. Smith, (ESPN): "The problem is the Native Americans have stood up and said, ‘It’s offensive to us,’ and you essentially said you don’t particularly care."[230]
  • Rick Snyder, (The Washington Examiner): "The time will come for a change to the 'Redskins' name." [235]
  • Stephen Sonneveld, (Bleacher Report)[236]
  • Michael Wilbon, (ESPN)[237]
  • Mike Wise, (The Washington Post), has been a long-time critic of the name.[238][239][240]
  • Steve Wulf, (ESPN)[241]
  • Clinton Yates, (The Washington Post)[242][243]
  • Dave Zirin, (The Nation)[244][245]

Other journalists/columnists

  • Ruben Castaneda, (Baltimore Post-Examiner) notes both the team's racist past and the behavior of the current owner; quoting former Redskins running back John Riggins as saying in an interview that "Snyder’s a 'bad guy' with a 'dark heart.'"[246]
  • Jeff Bercovici, (Forbes): "For Redskins, Name Change Is A Question Of When, Not If"[247]
  • Maureen Dowd, (The New York Times)[248]
  • Gwen Ifill, (PBS): "I don’t use the name anymore, because I think it’s unnecessarily offense, and what’s the point?"[249]
  • Larry King: "If it offends enough of a group of people, what’s the big deal? It’s just a name."[250]
  • Charles Krauthammer, political columnist, wrote that unlike other examples of "the language police" he dislikes, use of the term redskins has become a pejorative and that the name should be changed.[251]
  • Rachel Maddow, (MSNBC)[252]
  • Dana Milbank, (The Washington Post)[253]
  • Robert McCartney, (The Washington Post)[254]
  • Cortland Milloy, (The Washington Post)[255]
  • Mark Naymik, (Northeast Ohio Media Group)[256]
  • Tony Norman, (Pittsburgh Post-Gazette)[257]
  • Soledad O’Brien[249]
  • Clarence Page, whose opposition to the name goes back to 1988,[258] (The Chicago Tribune): "It is only a matter of how long public attitudes and generational viewpoints change to where even Snyder’s players, fans or fellow NFL owners think it’s time to give this R-word a rest."[259]
  • Leonard Pitts Jr., (The Miami Herald): "‘Redskins’ is an offensive word, period."[260]
  • Ronnie Polaneczky, (Philadelphia Daily News), makes a personal comment regarding the team owner: "In a perfect world, Snyder wouldn't need a high-profile finger-shake from the leader of the free world to hear the pain he has unwittingly caused."[261]
  • Bill Plaschke, (Los Angeles Times): "'Redskins' is no honor, it's an insult."[262]
  • Cokie Roberts, (NPR, ABC): "[Similar names] would be absolutely unacceptable. And if people who are Native American are offended by it, we should pay attention to that. " [249]
  • Eugene Robinson, (The Washington Post): "The term ... is a racial slur. Fans of the team, including me, have pretended not to notice this uncomfortable fact for many years. Now we’re beginning to confront it."[263]
  • Scott Simon, (National Public Radio): "I try to avoid saying name of DC's football team on air--as I try to avoid all ethnic slurs."[169]
  • Michael Tomasky, (The Daily Beast)[264]
  • Jim Vance, (NBC4) in Washington, DC comments on racism towards any other minority not being tolerated, using the example of Jeremy Lin.[265]
  • DeWayne Wickham, (USA Today): "Redskins' Snyder no misguided good guy"[266]
  • Juan Williams, (Fox News): If the team gets a new name its gotta be good.[267]
  • Michael Paul Williams, (Richmond Times-Dispatch): "If any professional sports team were nicknamed the Darkies, we wouldn’t be having a debate over its propriety."[268]
  • Eric Zorn, (Chicago Tribune)[269]

References

  1. ↑ "Legislative efforts to eliminate native-themed mascots, nicknames, and logos: Slow but steady progress post-APA resolution". American Psychological Association. August 2010. Retrieved January 23, 2013.
  2. ↑ J Gordon Hylton (2010-01-01). "BEFORE THE REDSKINS WERE THE REDSKINS: THE USE OF NATIVE AMERICAN TEAM NAMES IN THE FORMATIVE ERA OF AMERICAN SPORTS, 1857-1933" 86. North Dakota law review: 879.
  3. ↑ "Anti-Defamation and Mascots". National Congress of American Indians. Retrieved 12 January 2013.
  4. ↑ "NCAI Releases Report on History and Legacy of Washington's Harmful "Indian" Sports Mascot". Retrieved October 11, 2013.
  5. ↑ Ryan Van Bibber (June 19, 2014). "12 questions (and answers) that explain the 'Redskins' trademark case". SB*Nation.
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  8. ↑ "Letter to The Honorable Maria Cantwell, Chairwoman of the Senate Committee on Indian Affairs" (PDF). 2013-11-01.
  9. ↑ Gene Lehmann. "Leaders of Five Tribes gather at Chickasaw Nation's Artesian Hotel for Intertribal Council". Chickasaw Times. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
  10. ↑ "Resolution Supporting Renaming of the Washington Redskins" (PDF). July 10, 2013.
  11. ↑ "A Resolution Supporting Renaming of the Washington "Redskins"" (PDF). 2013-10-10.
  12. ↑ Theresa Vargas; Annys Shin (November 16, 2013). "Oneida Indian Nation is the tiny tribe taking on the NFL and Dan Snyder over Redskins name". The Washington Post.
  13. ↑ Eliott C. McLaughlin (September 24, 2014). "Tribal chief: No FedEx until Redskins change team name". CNN U.S. Archived from the original on October 3, 2014. Retrieved October 2, 2014.
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  17. ↑ "Samish Indian Nation: Letter to The Honorable Maria Cantwell, Chairwoman of the Senate Committee on Indian Affairs" (PDF). 2013-10-23.
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  19. ↑ "Letter to The Honorable Mike Crapo" (PDF). 2013-10-17.
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  84. ↑ William Petroski (June 27, 2014). "Iowa senator: Washington Redskins should change name". The Iowa City Press-Citizen.
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  157. ↑ Dave Zirin (June 4, 2014). "John Carlos Stands Up to an NFL Slur". The Nation.
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  159. ↑ Ralph Nader (2013-11-14). ""Redskins": More Than Just a Name".
  160. ↑ Stephen Pevar (2013-11-25). "Why "Redskins" Is Wrong". ACLU.
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  162. ↑ Leonard Shapiro (July 16, 2014). "Op-Ed: Marshalling One Key Vote On An NFL Team Name Change". Leesburg Today.
  163. ↑ Patrick Clarke (June 11, 2014). "Champ Bailey Comments on Controversial Redskins Name". Bleacher Report.
  164. ↑ Chris Tomasson (November 1, 2014). "Redskins name change 'festered by liberals,' former QB Billy Kilmer says". Pioneer Press.
  165. ↑ "Mike Carey, longtime NFL referee, avoided Washington's games because of the name". Washington Post. August 20, 2014.
  166. ↑ Dan Steinberg (September 11, 2014). "Former Redskin Terry Crews thinks team should change its name". The Washington Post.
  167. 1 2 Nick Stillman (February 9, 2001). "Dolan Defends Logo That Students Call Racist". The Oberlin Review. Retrieved June 12, 2013.
  168. ↑ Dan Steinberg (May 1, 2014). "London Fletcher started feeling 'a little bit uneasy' about Redskins name". The Washington Post.
  169. 1 2 3 Dan Steinberg (June 14, 2013). "Phil Jackson, Scott Fujita, Taiwanese animators on 'Redskins'". The Washington Post.
  170. ↑ John Torres (June 19, 2014). "Former Redskins player says team should change name". FLORIDA TODAY.
  171. ↑ Dan Steinberg (May 23, 2014). "Mike Holmgren says Redskins 'absolutely' should change their name". The Washington Post.
  172. ↑ Mile Wise (June 3, 2014). "John Carlos, who raised a gloved fist on Olympic podium in 1968, wants to know what today's athletes stand for". The Washington Post.
  173. 1 2 Rodney Harwood (September 9, 2014). "NFL Greats Visit Reservations; Speak Out Against ‘Redskins’". Indian Country Today.
  174. ↑ "Kluwe Wouldn't Play For Redskins: 'Money Is Nice. Dignity Is Nicer.'". CBS DC. May 29, 2014.
  175. ↑ Sean Kirst (October 14, 2013). "Marv Levy on 'Redskins' as a nickname: 'A crude word,' even if intent is not to insult". The Post-Standard (Syacuse, NY).
  176. ↑ Mike Florio (July 23, 2013). "Art Monk, Darrell Green think Redskins should consider name change". NBC Sports. Retrieved December 1, 2013.
  177. ↑ Bob Wolfley (August 6, 2013). "Packers' Mark Murphy on Redskins' nickname: 'Derogatory to a lot of people'". Journal Sentinel.
  178. ↑ "Forner NFL Player Roman Oben: Dan Snyder 'Would Make More Money' Changing the Redskins Name". cnsnews.com. December 2, 2013.
  179. ↑ "Transcript". ABC News. May 25, 2014.
  180. ↑ Chris Lingebach (May 8, 2014). "Richard Sherman Speaks Out Against Redskins Name". CBS Local.
  181. ↑ "Legendary Quarterback Sonny Sixkiller: Redskins Name 'Is Racist to Me'". Indian Country Today. July 10, 2014.
  182. ↑ "Staubach: Change 'Redskins' name if derogatory to Native Americans". Sports Illustrated. October 24, 2014.
  183. ↑ Dan Steinberg (May 6, 2014). "Former Redskins player Jason Taylor says Redskins name is offensive". The Washington Post.
  184. ↑ Mike Florio (August 26, 2013). "Amy Trask makes case for Redskins to change their name". NBC Sports.
  185. ↑ Vincent Schilling (August 8, 2014). "Why I Will Continue to Use 'Redskins' in My Articles and Tweets". Indian Country Today.
  186. ↑ James Arcellana (September 27, 2013). "Why I refuse to use the term "Redskins"".
  187. ↑ "I’m Fighting Ignorance By Ignoring A Team Name". CBS Chicago. September 11, 2013. Retrieved January 20, 2014.
  188. ↑ Jarrett Bell (June 13, 2013). "Bell: Redskins have a history of bigotry". USA TODAY Sports.
  189. ↑ Matthew Berry (October 6, 2014). "Hail to Washington's NFL Franchise!". ESPN.com.
  190. ↑ Dan Steinberg (June 17, 2014). "Larry King and Terry Bradshaw agree Redskins should change name". The Washington Post.
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  193. ↑ Michael Brick (October 19, 2013). "A Washington Football Fan Breaks With Tradition". The New York Times.
  194. ↑ Scott Allen (July 25, 2014). "James Brown on Redskins name change: ‘Do the right thing’". The Washington Post.
  195. ↑ Scott Allen (August 21, 2014). "London Fletcher talks Robert Griffin III and Redskins name controversy in CBS Sports Network debut". The Washington Post.
  196. ↑ Howard Bryant (June 9, 2014). "Battle over nickname continues". ESPN The Magazine.
  197. ↑ Dan Steinberg (October 16, 2013). "Cris Collinsworth: ‘Redskins’ no longer works". The Washington Post. Retrieved November 12, 2013.
  198. ↑ Brett LoGiurato (October 14, 2013). "Bob Costas on Redskins name: ‘Insult,’ ‘slur’". Sports Illustrated. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
  199. ↑ "Bob Costas Explains His Redskins Remarks". The Washington Post. October 14, 2013.
  200. ↑ Scott Allen (September 24, 2014). "Bob Costas insists the controversy over the Redskins’ name is not political correctness run amok". The Washington Post.
  201. ↑ Dan Steinberg (September 2, 2014). "Lindsay Czarniak on the Redskins: ‘I prefer not to use the name’". The Washington Post.
  202. ↑ Frank Deford (July 23, 2014). "The Washington Football Team That Must Not Be Named". PR.
  203. ↑ Ty Duffy (March 8, 2013). "The Washington Redskins Should Change Their Name, But Probably Won't". USA Today.
  204. ↑ Danny Dundalk (August 11, 2013). "Redskin’s racist name needs to be changed". Baltimore Post-Examiner.
  205. ↑ Mike Florio (October 8, 2013). "Opponents, proponents of Redskins name are dug in, with no middle ground".
  206. 1 2 The Associated Press (August 18, 2014). "Two influential TV announcers say they won't use 'Redskins' name on NFL telecasts". WJLATV.
  207. ↑ Kevin Ewoldt (February 8, 2013). "4 Reasons a Redskins Name Change Should Not Bother You".
  208. ↑ Dan Steinberg (May 13, 2013). "John Feinstein says Daniel Snyder ‘knows no shame’". The Washington Post. Retrieved June 19, 2013.
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  210. ↑ Mike Cardillo (October 15, 2013). "Mike Francesa Schools "Idiot" Caller Who Doesn't Think Redskins' Nickname is Offensive". USA Today Sports.
  211. ↑ Mike Freeman (June 10, 2014). "Why Dan Snyder Won't Relent on 'Redskins,' and Why I Did". Bleacher Report.
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  213. ↑ Bob Glauber (September 14, 2013). "Washington Redskins' owner can no longer ignore outrage over nickname". Newsday.
  214. ↑ LZ Granderson (February 13, 2013). "Prompting mascot change". ESPN.
  215. ↑ Tim Graham (June 10, 2013). "I don't need Daniel Snyder's, NFL's permission to stop saying R-word". The Buffalo News. Retrieved November 3, 2013.
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  217. ↑ Dan Steinberg (August 27, 2014). "CBS’s Greg Gumbel says he hasn’t used ‘Redskins’ on air for three years". The Washington Post.
  218. ↑ Robert Harding (June 10, 2013). "Time for the Washington Redskins to dump their racist name". The Citizen.
  219. ↑ Sally Jenkins (February 13, 2013). "On Washington Redskins’ name, it’s time the grown-ups talk sense into Daniel Snyder". The Washington Post.
  220. ↑ Sally Jenkins (June 18, 2014). "The team and NFL should change the Redskins name, not the federal government". The Washington Post.
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  223. ↑ Dan Steinberg (February 14, 2013). "When Tony Kornheiser wrote about the Redskins nickname". The Washington Post. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
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  225. ↑ Phil Mushnick (October 17, 2013). "Nothing gained in keeping shameful Redskins name". New York Post.
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  227. ↑ Bud Poliquin (September 11, 2013). "Altogether now: It's time for Washington's NFL team to change its offensive nickname". The Post-Standard.
  228. ↑ Joe Posnanski (March 18, 2014). "The Cleveland Indians, Louis Sockalexis, and The Name". NBC Sports.
  229. ↑ Mark Purdy (September 28, 2013). "Redskins nickname shameful to NFL". San Jose Mercury News.
  230. 1 2 Trent Baker (July 27, 2015). "Stephen A on Redskins: Owners, Fans Saying They Don’t Care About Native Americans’ Opinions". Breitbart.
  231. ↑ William C. Rhoden (October 12, 2013). "Redskins’ Owner Stubbornly Clings to Wrong Side of History". The New York Times. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
  232. ↑ Michael Klopman (September 2, 2014). "ESPN's 'Monday Night Football' Sideline Reporter Will Not Say 'Redskins'". The Huffington Post.
  233. ↑ Barry Horn (October 18, 2013). "Why 'Redskins' was rarely mentioned in Brad Sham's call of the Cowboys-Washington game". The Dallas Morning News.
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  237. ↑ Dan Steinberg (June 13, 2013). "Wilbon: Goodell’s support for Redskins name is ‘gutless’". The Washington Post.
  238. ↑ Mike Wise (January 11, 2013). "Only RGIII can make the Redskins change their name. Here’s why he won’t.". The Washington Post. Retrieved January 17, 2013.
  239. ↑ Mike Wise. "Chief Zee, the Redskins and the setting sun". The Washington Post. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
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  241. ↑ Steve Wulf (September 3, 2014). "Why use of Native American nicknames is an obvious affront". ESPN.
  242. ↑ Clinton Yates (October 7, 2013). "An inclusive solution for D.C.’s NFL team name". The Washington Post.
  243. ↑ Tom Garrett (October 9, 2013). "The "Redskins" Nickname Debate, Part Infinity". Hogshaven.
  244. ↑ Dave Zirin (February 11, 2013). "Redskins: The Clock Is Now Ticking on Changing the Name". The Nation.
  245. ↑ Dave Zirin (June 13, 2013). "Enough — An open letter to Dan Snyder". Grantland. Archived from the original on January 22, 2014. Retrieved September 9, 2013.
  246. ↑ Ruben Castaneda (January 4, 2013). "Hell to the Redskins (Why I hate them)". Baltimore Post-Examiner.
  247. ↑ Jeff Bercovici (October 14, 2013). "For Redskins, Name Change Is A Question Of When, Not If". Forbes. Retrieved November 6, 2013.
  248. ↑ Maureen Dowd (October 8, 2013). "Call an Audible, Dan". The New York Times. Retrieved 2013-10-21.
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  250. ↑ Erik Brady (June 17, 2014). "Larry King doesn't understand why Dan Snyder won't change the Redskins' name". USA Today.
  251. ↑ Charles Krauthammer (October 17, 2013). "Redskins and reason". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2014-01-10.
  252. ↑ Dan Steinberg. "MSNBC's Maddow Refers To Redskins As 'R-Words' For Entire Segment". Fox News Channel.
  253. ↑ Dana Milbank (October 7, 2013). "For the Washington Redskins, what’s in an offensive name? Plenty.". The Washington Post.
  254. ↑ Robert McCartney (February 6, 2013). "Drop ‘Redskins’ name? Time to take a stand". The Washington Post. Retrieved May 30, 2013.
  255. ↑ Cortland Milloy (January 8, 2013). "What’s in a name? The Redskins’ bad karma". The Washington Post. Retrieved January 12, 2013.
  256. ↑ Mark Naymik (October 10, 2013). "Washington Redskins' mascot controversy makes Cleveland Indians' Chief Wahoo look even more stupid and racist". Northeast Ohio Media Group.
  257. ↑ Tony Norman (October 15, 2013). "Redskins term just keeps piling on insult". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette.
  258. ↑ Page, Clarence (1988-01-24). "It`ll Be The Broncos Vs. A Racial Slur". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 2014-11-19.
  259. ↑ "Now it's time to turn on Redskins owner". May 4, 2014.
  260. ↑ Leonard Pitts Jr. (June 16, 2013). "‘Redskins’ is an offensive word, period". The Miami Herald.
  261. ↑ Ronnie Polaneczky (November 17, 2013). "What's in a name?". Philadelphia Daily News.
  262. ↑ Bill Plaschke (September 18, 2009). "'Redskins' is no honor, it's an insult". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved January 17, 2013.
  263. ↑ Eugene Robinson (October 24, 2013). "Hail to the Washingtons". The Washington Post.
  264. ↑ "Dear Editors: Ban ‘Redskins’". The Daily Beast. June 21, 2013.
  265. ↑ Dan Steinberg (January 9, 2012). "Jim Vance on Jeremy Lin and the ‘Redskins’". The Washington Post. Retrieved January 12, 2013.
  266. ↑ DeWayne Wickham (November 11, 2013). "Wickham: Redskins' Snyder no misguided good guy". USA Today. Retrieved November 14, 2013.
  267. ↑ Juan Williams (October 16, 2013). "Redskins debate -- if team gets new name it's gotta be good". Fox News Channel. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
  268. ↑ Michael Paul Williams (August 25, 2014). "Richmond training camp should drop ‘Redskins’ from name". Times-Dispatch.
  269. ↑ "In pros or preps, `Redskin' is a slur". Chicago Tribune. October 4, 2012.
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