List of active separatist movements in North America

This is a list of currently active separatist movements in North America. Separatism includes autonomism and secessionism. What is and is not considered an autonomist or secessionist movement is sometimes contentious. Entries on this list must meet three criteria:

1. They are active movements with living, active members.
2. They are seeking greater autonomy or self-determination for a geographic region (as opposed to personal autonomy).
3. They are the citizen/peoples of the conflict area and do not come from other countries.

Under each region listed is one or more of the following:

• De facto state: for regions with de facto autonomy from the government
• Proposed state: proposed name for a seceding sovereign state
• Proposed autonomous area: for movements toward greater autonomy for an area but not outright secession
  • De facto autonomous government: for governments with de facto autonomous control over a region
  • Government-in-exile: for a government based outside of the region in question, with or without control
  • Political party (or parties): for political parties involved in a political system to push for autonomy or secession
  • Militant organisation(s): for armed organisations (sometimes called terrorist organisations)
  • Advocacy group(s): for non-belligerent, non-politically participatory entities
  • Ethnic/Ethno-religious/Racial/Regional/Religious (s): for information on what group of people calls for change for each individual movement listed

Map of active separatist movements in North America

Map of list of active separatist movements in North America

Canada

British Columbia + Pacific Northwestern US

• Proposed state: Cascadia
• Pressure group: Cascadian Independence Movement

Quebec (Main article: Quebec sovereignty movement)

• regional group: Québécois
  • Proposed state: Quebec
  • Civil organization: Saint-Jean-Baptiste Society, Mouvement national des Québécois et des Québécoises (MNQ), Rassemblement pour l'indépendance du Québec (RIQ), Les Intellectuels pour la souveraineté (IPSO), Mouvement de libération nationale du Québec (MLNQ), Réseau de Résistance du Québecois (RRQ)
  • Labour union: Confédération des syndicats nationaux (CSN), Centrale des syndicats du Québec (CSQ), Fédération des travailleurs du Québec (FTQ), Union des artistes (UDA)
  • Political party: Parti Québécois, Bloc Québécois, Québec solidaire, Parti indépendantiste, Option nationale

• Saskatchewan
• Ethnic group: Saskatchewanian Germans
  • Proposed state: Saskatchewan
  • Political party: Western Independence Party of Saskatchewan

• Alberta
• Ethnic group: Albertian people
  • Proposed state: Alberta
  • Political party: Alberta First Party

Inuit Autonomist Movements:

• Nunavut, Nunavik, Nunatsiavut, NunatuKavut, and Inuvik Region

Danish territories

For other movements in Denmark, see List of active separatist movements in Europe.

Greenland is geographically part of North America, but is politically connected to Europe.

Greenland

• Ethnic group: Inuit
  • Proposed state:  Greenland or unification with  Canada
  • Political party: Inuit Ataqatigiit, Forward, and Inuit Party

Mexico

Zapatista (Chiapas)

• Ethnic group: Chiapas Mayas
  • De facto autonomous area: Rebel Zapatista Autonomous Municipalities
  • Political parties: Council of Good Government
  • Militant organization: Zapatista Army of National Liberation

(As result of the dialog between the government and the EZLN support base, 5 small and remote regions of the Mexican southernmost state of Chiapas have established semi-autonomous self-governance, ruled under indigenous traditional councils that coexist alongside the official Mexican government, these regions are called Councils of Good Government)

Nicaragua

Mosquito

• Ethnic group: Miskito
  • Proposed state: Communitarian Nation of Moskitia

United States and its dependencies

For movements outside North America, See List of active separatist movements in Oceania.

States

Alaska

•  Alaska or  Canada
  • Political party: Alaskan Independence Party^[1]

California

• Regional group: Californians
  • Proposed state: California (Third Californian Republic)
  • Pressure group: Yes California Independence Committee PAC
  • Pressure group: Californians for Independence

New Hampshire

• Regional group: Granite Stater, New Hampshirite
  • Proposed state: New Hampshire
  • Pressure group: Free State Project

Confederate States of America

• Regional group: Southerners
  • Proposed state: Confederate States of America or Southern United States
  • Pressure groups: League of the South, Southern National Congress
  • See also: Neo-Confederate movement

Texas^[2]

• Regional group: Texans
  • Proposed state: Republic of Texas
  • Pressure groups: Texas Nationalist Movement, Texas Nationalist Movement (TNM)
  • See: Texas Secession Movement
  • Militant organization: The Republic of Texas

Vermont

• Regional group: Vermonters
  • Proposed state: Vermont Republic or  Canada
  • Political party: Vermont Independence Party^[3][4]
  • Pressure group: Second Vermont Republic

Cascadia (including Washington, Oregon, and the Canadian province of British Columbia)

• Regional group: Pacific Northwesterners
  • Proposed state: Cascadia
  • Pressure group: Cascadia Independence Movement

Hawaii^[5]

• Ethnic group: Native Hawaiians
  • Pressure groups: Nation of Hawaiʻi, Office of Hawaiian Affairs
  • Political party: Hawaii Independence Party

Northwest Territorial Imperative (including Washington, Oregon, Idaho and the western portion of Montana)

• Regional group: Pacific Northwesterners
  • Proposed state: Northwest American Republic
  • Pressure group: Northwest Front

Territories

Puerto Rico

• Ethnic group: Puerto Rican
  • Proposed state: Puerto Rico
  • Political party: Puerto Rican Independence Party (PIP)

• Pressure group: Puerto Rican Nationalist Party, Movimiento Independentista Nacional Hostosiano (MINH), Socialist Front (FS), Puerto Rican independence movement (MPI)
• Militant organization: Boricua Popular Army (Macheteros)

French Overseas Departments

Martinique

• Ethnic group: Martinican
  • Purposed autonomous area or state: Martinique
  • Political party: Martinican Progressive Party, Martinican Independence Movement

British overseas territories

For movements in the United Kingdom and its other dependencies in Europe, see the List of active separatist movements in Europe.

•  Anguilla
•  Bermuda
  • Political party: Progressive Labour Party
  • Advocacy group: Bermuda Independence Commission
•  Montserrat
  • Political parties: New People's Liberation Movement
•  Turks and Caicos Islands
  • Political parties: Progressive National Party, People's Democratic Movement

See also

• List of active separatist movements
• List of historical separatist movements

References

1. "Curiouser and Curiouser". CBS News. 2008-09-02. Retrieved 2009-04-11.
2. http://www.thetnm.org/
3. Vt. Independence Party to meet in Montpelier, WCAX-TV News, September 12, 2012.
4. [http://www.7dvt.com/vermont-independence-party?filter1[date]=2010-01-15&filter1[time]=00%3A00&filter2[date]=2010-01-15&filter2[time]=23%3A59&timeframe=future Vermont Independence Party convention], Seven Days newspaper, September 2012.
5. Hawaii is not geographically in the continent of North America, but is politically part of it.