List of adjectivals and demonyms for subcontinental regions

The following is a list of adjectival forms of subcontinental regions in English and their demonymic equivalents, which denote the people or the inhabitants of these subcontinental regions.

Note: Demonyms are given in plural forms. Singular forms simply remove the final 's' or, in the case of -ese endings, are the same as the plural forms. The ending -men has feminine equivalent -women (e.g. an Irishman and a Scotswoman). The French terminations -ois / ais serve as both the singular and plural masculine; adding 'e' (-oise / aise) makes them singular feminine; 'es' (-oises / aises) makes them plural feminine. The Spanish termination "-o" usually denotes the masculine and is normally changed to feminine by dropping the "-o" and adding "-a". The plural forms are usually "-os" and "-as" respectively.

Adjectives ending -ish can be used as collective demonyms (e.g. the English, the Cornish). So can those ending in -ch / -tch (e.g. the French, the Dutch) provided they are pronounced with a 'ch' sound (e.g. the adjective Czech does not qualify).

Where an adjective is a link, the link is to the language or dialect of the same name. (Reference: Ethnologue, Languages of the World)

Many place-name adjectives and many demonyms refer also to various other things, sometimes with and sometimes without one or more additional words. (Sometimes, the use of one or more additional words is optional.) Notable examples are cheeses, cat breeds, dog breeds, and horse breeds. (See List of words derived from toponyms.)

Where an adjective is a link, the link is to the language or dialect of the same name.

Africa Name Adjective Demonym Mediterranean Mediterranean Nile River Nilotic Nubia Nubian Nubians Sahara Saharan Sahrawi Americas Name Adjective Demonym Acadiana, Cajun Country Acadian (Cajuns) Aleutian Islands Aleut, Aleutian Aleuts, Aleutians Amazon river and region Amazonian Antilles Antillean Antilleans Appalachia Appalachian Caribbean Caribbean Ceara Cearense Cearenses Guiana Guianan Guianans Long Island Long Island Long Islanders Maritimes Maritime Maritimers Minas Gerais Mineiro Mineiros New England New England New Englanders Patagonia Patagonian Patagonians Parana (state) Paranaense Paranaenses Rio de Janeiro (state) Fluminense Fluminenses Rio Grande do Sul Sul-rio-grandense, Gaúcho Gaúchos St. Lawrence River Laurentian Santa Catarina Catarinense, Barriga-verde Catarinenses, Barrigas-verdes São Paulo (state) Paulista Paulistas Upper Peninsula of Michigan Yoopers West Indies West Indian West Indians Asia Name Adjective Demonym Bali Balinese Balinese Balochistan, Baluchistan Balochi/s, Baluchi/s Bengal Bengali Bengalis Bihar Bihari Biharis Borneo Bornean Borneans Caucasus, Caucasia Caucasian, Caucasic Caucasians Gujarat Gujarati Gujaratis Hokkaidō Dosanko (道産子) Indochina Indochinese Indochinese Java Javanese, Sundanese Javanese, Sundanese Kashmir Kashmiran Kashmiris Korea Korean Koreans Melanesia Melanesian Melanesians Okinawa, Ryukyu Islands Okinawan, Ryukyuan Okinawans, Ryukyuans Punjab Punjabi Punjabis Siberia Siberian Siberians Sindh, Sind Sindhi Sindhi, Sindhis Tibet Tibetan Tibetans Middle East Name Adjective Demonym Galilee Galilean Galileans Judea, Judaea Judean, Judaean Judeans, Judaeans Kurdistan Kurdish Kurds Samaria Samaritan Samaritans Oceania Name Adjective Demonym Antipodes^a Antipodean Antipodeans Melanesia Melanesian Melanesians Micronesia Micronesian Micronesians Polynesia Polynesian Polynesians Tahiti Tahitian Tahitians ^a Usually refers to Australia and New Zealand.

Europe Name Adjective Demonym Alps Alpine Alsace Alsatian Alsatians Apennines Apennine Aragon Aragonese Aragonese Asturias Asturian Asturians Balkans Balkan Baltic region Baltic Balts Bavaria Bavarian Bavarians Basque Country Basque Basques Bohemia Bohemian Bohemians Brittany Breton Bretons Burgundy Burgundian Burgundians Cambridge Cantabrigian Cantabrigians Canterbury (England) Cantuarian Cantuarians Carinthia Carinthian Carinthians Castile Castilian Castilians Caucasus, Caucasia Caucasian, Caucasic Caucasians Cornwall Cornish Cornish Crimea Crimean Crimeans Courland Curonian Curonians Danube River Danubian Fife Fife Fifers Flanders Flemish Flemings Franconia Franconian Franconians Friesland, Frisian Islands Friesian, Frisian Friesians, Frisians Galicia (Central Europe) Galician Galicians Galloway Gallovidian Gallovidians Gascony Gascon Gascons Harrow Harrovian Harrovians Hesse Hessian Hessians Holstein Holsteinian Holsteiner Iberian Peninsula Iberian Iberians Kosovo and Methohija Kosovar, Kosovan Kosovars, Kosovans Lancashire Lancastrian Lancastrians Lapland Lapp, Saami Lappish, Saamis León Leonese Leoneses Lombardy Lombard, Lombardic Lombards Lorraine Lorrainian Lorrainians Lusatia Lusatian Lusatians Mediterranean Mediterranean Murcia Murcian Murcians Navarre Navarrese Navarrese Normandy Norman Normans Northumberland Northumbrian Northumbrians Palatinate Palatine Palatines Pennines Pennine Picardy Picard Picards Piedmont Piedmontese Piedmontese Po River Padane Provence Provençal Rhineland Rhenish Rhinelanders Savoy Savoyard Savoyards Saxony Saxon Saxons Scandinavia Scandinavian Scandinavians Tuscany Tuscan Tuscans Tyrol Tyrolean, Tyrolese Tyroleans, Tyrolese Veneto Venetian Venetians Wallonia Walloon Walloons Westphalia Westphalian Westphalian

See also

• Demonym
  • List of adjectival and demonymic forms of place names
    • List of adjectivals and demonyms for astronomical bodies
    • List of adjectivals and demonyms for continental regions
      • List of adjectivals and demonyms for subcontinental regions
    • List of adjectival and demonymic forms for countries and nations
      • List of adjectivals and demonyms for Australia
      • List of adjectivals and demonyms for Canada
      • List of adjectivals and demonyms for India
      • List of adjectivals and demonyms for Malaysia
      • List of adjectivals and demonyms for Mexico
      • List of adjectivals and demonyms for New Zealand
      • List of adjectivals and demonyms for Nigeria
      • List of adjectivals and demonyms for the Philippines
      • List of adjectivals and demonyms for the United States
    • List of adjectivals and demonyms for cities
    • List of adjectivals and demonyms for former regions
      • List of adjectivals and demonyms for Greco-Roman antiquity
    • List of adjectivals and demonyms for fictional regions