List of cities by GDP
This is a list of cities and/or their metropolitan areas in the world by GDP. The methodology may differ between the studies and are widely based on projections and sometimes approximate estimations, notably for non-OECD cities (refer to sources for more information.)
- This incomplete list is frequently updated to include new information.
City | Country | Geographical zone[1] |
Official est. Nominal GDP ($BN) |
Brookings Institution[2] 2014 est. PPP-adjusted GDP ($BN) |
PwC[3] 2008 est. PPP-adjusted GDP ($BN) |
McKinsey[4] 2010 est. Nominal GDP ($BN) |
Other est. Nominal GDP ($BN) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aberdeen | United Kingdom | Northern Europe | 11.3 (2008)[5] | ||||
Abidjan | Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast) | Africa | 13 | ||||
Abu Dhabi | United Arab Emirates | Western Asia | 119 [6] | 178.3 | 67.1 | ||
Addis Ababa | Ethiopia | Africa | 12 | ||||
Adelaide | Australia | Oceania | 65.8 (2011-12)[7] | 47.4 | |||
Ahmedabad | India | South Asia | 49 | 12 | 64[8] | ||
Albuquerque | United States | North America | 42.046 (2014)[9] | 39.9 | |||
Alexandria | Egypt | Africa | 32.4 | 46 | |||
Algiers | Algeria | Africa | 45 | ||||
Amsterdam | Netherlands | Western Europe | 320.6[Note 1] | 47 | |||
Anápolis | Brazil | South America | 6.740 (2011)[10] | ||||
Ankara | Turkey | Western Asia | 104.9 | 58 | 64.9 | ||
Athens | Greece | Southern Europe | 129.6 | 96 | |||
Atlanta | United States | North America | 324.881 (2014)[9] | 294.4 | 304 | 249.7 | 242.4[11] |
Auckland | New Zealand | Oceania | 49.5 | 55 | |||
Austin | United States | North America | 115.262 (2014)[9] | 107.4 | |||
Baghdad | Iraq | Western Asia | 24 | ||||
Santos | Brazil | South America | 28.609 (2011)[10] | ||||
Baltimore | United States | North America | 173.516 (2014)[9] | 173.7 | 137 | 118.1[11] | |
Bandung | Indonesia | South-East Asia | 21 | ||||
Bangalore | India | South Asia | 45.3 | 69 | 28.6 | 83[8] | |
Bangkok | Thailand | South-East Asia | 306.8 | 119 | 105.0 | ||
Barcelona | Spain | Southern Europe | 171.0 | 177 | |||
Baton Rouge | United States | North America | 51.149 (2014)[9] | 53.5 | |||
Beijing | China | East Asia | 506.1 | 166 | 206.2 | ||
Belfast | United Kingdom | Northern Europe | 10.9 (2008)[5] | ||||
Belo Horizonte | Brazil | South America | 54.996 (2011)[10] | 84.7 | 61 | 78.5 | |
Berlin | Germany | Western Europe | 157.7 | 95 | |||
Bilbao | Spain | Southern Europe | 38.5 | ||||
Birmingham | United Kingdom | Northern Europe | 121.1 | 90 | |||
Birmingham | United States | North America | 62.187 (2014)[9] | 54.164 | |||
Bogotá | Colombia | South America | 159.9 | 100 | 221.1 (2015) | ||
Boston | United States | North America | 382.459 (2014)[9] | 360.1 | 363 | 261.1[11] | |
Brasília | Brazil | South America | 164.482 (2011)[10] | 141.9 | 110 | 101.6 | |
Bridgeport | United States | North America | 97.225 (2014)[9] | ||||
Brisbane | Australia | Oceania | 132.2 (2011-12)[12] | 96.6 | |||
Bristol | United Kingdom | Northern Europe | 47.7 | ||||
Brussels | Belgium | Western Europe | 254.3 | 83 | |||
Bucharest | Romania | Eastern Europe | 72.4 | ||||
Budapest | Hungary | Central Europe | 98.0 | 53 | |||
Buenos Aires | Argentina | South America | 315.9 | 362 | 191.7 | ||
Busan | Korea | East Asia | 296.5 | 121 | |||
Cairo | Egypt | Africa | 102.2 | 145 | |||
Calgary | Canada | North America | 97.9 | ||||
Cambridge | United Kingdom | Northern Europe | 18.6[13] | ||||
Campinas | Brazil | South America | 40.525 (2011)[10] | 59.3 | |||
Campo Grande | Brazil | South America | 9.211 (2011)[10] | ||||
Campos dos Goytacazes | Brazil | South America | 16.174 (2011)[10] | ||||
Cape Town | South Africa | Africa | 58.9 | 103 | |||
Caracas | Venezuela | South America | 51.8 | 41 | |||
Casablanca | Morocco | Africa | 37.9 | 33 | |||
Changchun | China | East Asia | 124.5 | 26 | |||
Changsha | China | East Asia | 186.4 | 40.3 | |||
Changzhou | China | East Asia | 110.9 | 34.3 | |||
Charlotte | United States | North America | 143.628 (2014)[9] | 126.2 | |||
Chengdu | China | East Asia | 233.5 | 33 | 57.8 | ||
Chennai | India | South Asia | 58.6 | 66 | 17 | 66[8] | |
Chicago | United States | North America | 610.552 (2014)[9] | 563.2 | 574 | 496.4 | 461.4[11] |
Chittagong | Bangladesh | South Asia | 24 | ||||
Chongqing | China | East Asia | 232.22 | 315.6 | 57 | 88.6 | |
Cincinnati | United States | North America | 121.407 (2014)[9] | 110.9 | |||
Cleveland | United States | North America | 124.609 (2014)[9] | 115.1 | 112 | 99.3[11] | |
Columbus | United States | North America | 117.824 (2014)[9] | 108.9 | |||
Copenhagen | Denmark | Northern Europe | 127.0[Note 2] | 49 | |||
Coventry | United Kingdom | Northern Europe | 7.4 (2008)[5] | ||||
Curitiba | Brazil | South America | 58.082 (2011)[10] | 57.7 | 44 | ||
Daegu | Korea | East Asia | 54.5 | 43 | |||
Daejeon | Korea | East Asia | 39.6 | ||||
Dalian | China | East Asia | 198.8 | 53.8 | |||
Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington | United States | North America | 504.358 (2014)[9] | 412.7 | 338 | 324.9 | 315.5[11] |
Dar es Salaam | Tanzania | Africa | 8 | ||||
Delhi | India | South Asia | 193.6 | 167 | 47.6 | 167[8] | |
Denver | United States | North America | 187.111 (2014)[9] | 169.7 | 165 | 131.6[11] | |
Detroit | United States | North America | 236.500 (2014)[9] | 207.5 | 253 | 198.6[11] | |
Dhaka | Bangladesh | South Asia | 78 | 29 | |||
Doha | Qatar | Western Asia | 98.8 | ||||
Dongguan | China | East Asia | 141.1 | 62.7 | |||
Dubai | United Arab Emirates | Western Asia | 82.9 | ||||
Dublin | Ireland | Northern Europe | 90.1 | 61 | |||
Durban | South Africa | Africa | 48.9 | ||||
East Rand | South Africa | Africa | 55.3 | 54 | |||
Edinburgh | United Kingdom | Northern Europe | 20.5 (2008)[5] | 32.5 | |||
Edmonton | Canada | North America | 83.0 | ||||
Faisalabad | Pakistan | South Asia | 14 | ||||
Fortaleza | Brazil | South America | 42.010 (2011)[10] | 35.2 | 25 | ||
Foshan | China | East Asia | 184.5 | 83.5 | |||
Frankfurt | Germany | Western Europe | 230.0 | ||||
Fukuoka | Japan | East Asia | 193.3[Note 3] | 88 | |||
Fuzhou | China | East Asia | 117.4 | 23.4 | |||
Glasgow | United Kingdom | Northern Europe | 21.3[5] | 56.7 | |||
Goiânia | Brazil | South America | 22.763 (2011)[10] | ||||
Guadalajara | Mexico | North America | 80.7 | 81 | |||
Guangzhou | China | East Asia | 380.3 | 143 | 146.1 | ||
Gwangju | Korea | East Asia | 36.7 | ||||
Hamburg | Germany | Western Europe | 161.4 | 74 | |||
Hangzhou | China | East Asia | 219.5 | 70.5 | |||
Hanoi | Vietnam | East Asia | 42 | ||||
Harbin | China | East Asia | 127.9 | 38.8 | |||
Hartford | United States | North America | 85.558 (2014)[9] | ||||
Hefei | China | East Asia | 120.9 | 31.2 | |||
Helsinki | Finland | Northern Europe | 77.1 | 58 | |||
Ho Chi Minh City | Vietnam | South-East Asia | 71.1 | 58 | |||
Hong Kong | Hong Kong SAR, China | East Asia | 293 (2013)[14] | 416.0 | 320 | 224.5 | 258.0[15] |
Houston | United States | North America | 525.397 (2014)[9] | 483.2 | 297 | 341.1 | 316.3[11] |
Huntsville | United States | North America | 21.56 (2012)[9] | ||||
Hyderabad | India | South Asia | 40.2 | 58 | 16 | 74[8] | |
Indianapolis | United States | North America | 125.864 (2014)[9] | 113.606 | |||
Indore | India | South Asia | 14[8] | ||||
Istanbul | Turkey | Southern Europe | 348.7 | 182 | 188.2 | ||
Izmir | Turkey | Western Asia | 80.1 | 42 | |||
Jacksonville | United States | North America | 65.085 (2014)[9] | 63.8 | |||
Jaipur | India | South Asia | 24 | 6 | 24[8] | ||
Jakarta | Indonesia | South-East Asia | 321.3 | 92 | 70.7 | ||
Jeddah | Saudi Arabia | Western Asia | 160.6 | 72 | 75.9 | ||
Jinan | China | East Asia | 136.8 | 43.2 | |||
Johannesburg | South Africa | Africa | 82.9 | 110 | |||
Jundiaí | Brazil | South America | 20.081 (2011)[10] | ||||
Kabul | Afghanistan | South Asia | 14 | ||||
Kano | Nigeria | Africa | 9 | ||||
Kanpur | India | South Asia | 26 | 4 | |||
Kansas City | United States | North America | 121.638 (2014)[9] | 105.9 | 91.2[11] | ||
Karachi | Pakistan | South Asia | 69 | 28 | |||
Karlsruhe | Germany | Western Europe | 137.1 | ||||
Katowice | Poland | Central Europe | 122.3 | ||||
Khartoum | Sudan | Africa | 35 | ||||
Kingston-upon-Hull | United Kingdom | Northern Europe | 5.5 (2008)[5] | ||||
Kinshasa | DR Congo | Africa | 17 | ||||
Knoxville | United States | North America | 37.487 (2014)[9] | 38.3 | |||
Kolkata | India | South Asia | 160.4 | 104 | 28 | 150[8] | |
Kuala Lumpur | Malaysia | South-East Asia | 171.8 | ||||
Kuwait City | Kuwait | Western Asia | 166.5 | 117.5 | |||
Lagos | Nigeria | Africa | 74.67 (2010)[16] | 35 | |||
Lahore | Pakistan | South Asia | 40 | 13 | |||
Las Vegas | United States | North America | 94.521 (2014)[9] | 93.9 | |||
Leeds | United Kingdom | Northern Europe | 74.6[Note 4] | 60 | |||
Leicester | United Kingdom | Northern Europe | 28.7[17] | ||||
Lille | France | Western Europe | 98.5 | 33 | |||
Lima | Peru | South America | 176.5 | 109 | 77.3 | ||
Lisbon | Portugal | Southern Europe | 96.3 | 98 | |||
Liverpool | United Kingdom | Northern Europe | 10.9 (2008)[5] | 65.8 | |||
London | United Kingdom | Northern Europe | 542 (2014)[18] | 835.7 | 565 | 751.8 | |
Los Angeles | United States | North America | 866.745 (2014)[9] | 860.5 | 792 | 731.8 | 632.4[11] |
Louisville | United States | North America | 67.329 (2014)[9] | 62.397 | |||
Luanda | Angola | Africa | 33 | 38.6 | |||
Lucknow | India | South Asia | 22 | 22[8] | |||
Luton | United Kingdom | Northern Europe | 7.2[19] | ||||
Lyon | France | Western Europe | 97.0 | 69 | 197 [20] | ||
Macau | Macau SAR, China | East Asia | 53.9 | ||||
Madrid | Spain | Southern Europe | 262.3 | 230 | |||
Manaus | Brazil | South America | 51.025 (2011)[10] | ||||
Manchester | United Kingdom | Northern Europe | 92.3 | 85 | |||
Manila | Philippines | South-East Asia | 182.8 | 149 | |||
Marseille | France | Western Europe | 60.3 | ||||
Medellín | Colombia | South America | 43.5 | 50 | |||
Medan | Indonesia | South-East Asia | 8.09[21] | ||||
Melbourne | Australia | Oceania | 253.1 (2011-12)[22] | 178.4 | 172 | 221.4 | |
Memphis | United States | North America | 69.882 (2014)[9] | 65.0 | |||
Mexico City | Mexico | North America | 403.6 | 390 | 255.1 | ||
Miami | United States | North America | 299.161 (2014)[9] | 262.7 | 292 | 235.9 | 231.8[11] |
Milan | Italy | Southern Europe | 312.1 | 136 | |||
Milwaukee | United States | North America | 97.307 (2014)[9] | 86.5 | |||
Minneapolis/St. Paul | United States | North America | 235.733 (2014)[9] | 211.4 | 194 | 171.6[11] | |
Monterrey | Mexico | North America | 122.9 | 102 | |||
Montevideo | Uruguay | South America | 42.2[23][Note 5] | ||||
Montreal | Canada | North America | 155.9 | 148 | |||
Moscow | Russia | Eastern Europe | 553.3 | 321 | 325.8 | ||
Mumbai | India | South Asia | 302.417
(2014)[24] |
278.9 | 209 | 55.9 | |
Munich | Germany | Western Europe | 219.9 | 64 | |||
Nagoya | Japan | East Asia | 363.8 | ||||
Nagpur | India | South Asia | 15.1[8] | ||||
Nairobi | Kenya | Africa | 12 | ||||
Nanjing | China | East Asia | 202.7 | 68.5 | |||
Naples | Italy | Southern Europe | 43 (2005)[25] | 85.5 | 51 | ||
Nashville | United States | North America | 106.695 (2014)[9] | 95.0 | |||
New Haven | United States | North America | 44.858 (2014)[9] | 53.3 | |||
New Orleans | United States | North America | 80.278 (2014)[9] | 74.2 | |||
New York City | United States | North America | 1,558.518 (2014)[9] | 1,403 | 1,406 | 1,180.3 | 1,056.4[11] |
Newcastle | United Kingdom | Northern Europe | 44.6 | ||||
Nice | France | Western Europe | 46.0 | ||||
Ningbo | China | East Asia | 179.0 | 45.0 | |||
Oklahoma City | United States | North America | 72.629 (2014)[9] | 70.010 | |||
Orlando | United States | North America | 115.927 (2014)[9] | 116.2 | |||
Osaka | Japan | East Asia | 313.1 (2010)[26] | 671.3 | 417 | ||
Oslo | Norway | Northern Europe | 74.4 | 40 | |||
Oxnard | United States | North America | 46.892 (2014)[9] | 46.3 | |||
Paris | France | Western Europe | 688 (2013)[27] | 715.1 | 564 | 764.2 | |
Patna | India | South Asia | 10.5[8] | ||||
Perth | Australia | Oceania | 118.6 (2011-12)[28] | 134.0 | |||
Philadelphia | United States | North America | 391.118 (2014)[9] | 346.5 | 388 | 314.5 | 295.2[11] |
Phoenix | United States | North America | 215.214 (2014)[9] | 207.1 | 200 | 181.6 | 160[11] |
Pittsburgh | United States | North America | 135.662 (2014)[9] | 138.4 | 99 | 102.1[11] | |
Portland | United States | North America | 159.328 (2014)[9] | 158.5 | 110 | 95.6[11] | |
Porto | Portugal | Southern Europe | 43.0 | ||||
Porto Alegre | Brazil | South America | 45.506 (2011)[10] | 62.1 | 66 | ||
Portsmouth | United Kingdom | Northern Europe | 5.5 (2008)[5] | 51.6[Note 6] | |||
Prague | Czech Republic | Central Europe | 89.2 | 49 | |||
Pretoria | South Africa | Africa | 49.9 | ||||
Providence | United States | North America | 75.940 (2014)[9] | 78.114 | |||
Puebla | Mexico | North America | 38.1 | 42 | |||
Pune | India | South Asia | 48 | 19 | 48[8] | ||
Pyongyang | North Korea | East Asia | 11 | ||||
Qingdao | China | East Asia | 208.7 | 48.1 | |||
Raleigh | United States | North America | 71.574 (2014)[9] | 64.4 | |||
Rangoon | Myanmar | South-East Asia | 24 | ||||
Recife | Brazil | South America | 36.448 (2011)[10] | 40.5 | 35 | ||
Rhine-Ruhr | Germany | Western Europe | 485.2 | 39[Note 7] | 484.6 | ||
Richmond | United States | North America | 70.491 (2014)[9] | 71.589 | |||
Rio de Janeiro | Brazil | South America | 209.366 (2011)[10] | 176.6 | 201 | 180.9 | |
Riverside | United States | North America | 133.983 (2014)[9] | 154.904 | |||
Riyadh | Saudi Arabia | Western Asia | 163.5 | 107 | 122.7 | ||
Rome | Italy | Southern Europe | 163.2 | 144 | |||
Rotterdam | Netherlands | Western Europe | 320.6[Note 8] | 46 | |||
Sacramento | United States | North America | 112.703 (2014)[9] | 127.4 | |||
Salt Lake City | United States | North America | 75.672 (2014)[9] | 73.836 | |||
St. Louis | United States | North America | 149.951 (2014)[9] | 140.6 | 126 | 116.2[11] | |
Saint Petersburg | Russia | Eastern Europe | 119.6 | 91 | |||
Salvador | Brazil | South America | 38.819 (2011)[10] | 38.5 | 10 | ||
San Antonio | United States | North America | 104.787 (2014)[9] | 102.771 | 146.3[11] | ||
San Diego | United States | North America | 206.817 (2014)[9] | 202.5 | 191 | 172.9 | 146.3[11] |
San Francisco | United States | North America | 411.969 (2014)[9] | 331.0 | 301 | 283.3 | 268.3[11] |
San Jose | United States | North America | 213.819 (2014)[9] | 160.3 | |||
Santiago | Chile | South America | 171.4 | 120 | 93.0 | ||
São José dos Campos | Brazil | South America | 30.148 (2011)[10] | ||||
São José dos Pinhais | Brazil | South America | 14.726 (2011)[10] | ||||
São Paulo | Brazil | South America | 477.005 (2011)[10] | 430.5 | 388 | 437.3 | |
Seattle | United States | North America | 300.827 (2014)[9] | 267.5 | 235 | 211.0 | 182.2[11] |
Seoul | Korea | East Asia | 688.2 (2014)[29] | 845.9 | 291 | 233.3 | |
Seville | Spain | Southern Europe | 35.8 | ||||
Shanghai | China | East Asia | 384[30] | 594.0 | 233 | 250.7 | 200.0[31] |
Sheffield | United Kingdom | Northern Europe | 12.2 (2008)[5] | 39.8 | |||
Shenyang | China | East Asia | 189.3 | 44 | 64.3 | ||
Shenzhen | China | East Asia | 271.84 | 363.2 | 141.5 | ||
Singapore | Singapore | South-East Asia | 263.6 (2011)[32][33] | 365.9 | 215 | 222.7 | 267.9[34] |
Sofia | Bulgaria | Eastern Europe | 43.8 | ||||
Sorocaba | Brazil | South America | 21.313 (2011)[10] | ||||
Southampton | United Kingdom | Northern Europe | 6.8 (2008)[35] | 51.6[Note 9] | |||
Stockholm | Sweden | Northern Europe | 143.0 | 70 | 208[36] | ||
Stuttgart | Germany | Western Europe | 157.8 | ||||
Surat | India | South Asia | 36 | 14 | 40[8] | ||
Suzhou | China | East Asia | 339.0 | 52.7 | |||
Sydney | Australia | Oceania | 319.5 (2011-12)[37] | 223.4 | 213 | 268.9 | |
Taichung | Taiwan | East Asia | 114.7 | ||||
Taipei | Taiwan | East Asia | 327.3 | 160.3 | 172.5[38] | ||
Tampa | United States | North America | 128.201 (2014)[9] | 130.3 | 123 | 101[11] | |
Tangshan | China | East Asia | 162.3 | 33.6 | |||
Tehran | Iran | South Asia | 127 | ||||
Tel Aviv | Israel | Western Asia | 153.3 | 122 | 114.8 | ||
Tianjin | China | East Asia | 234.91 | 372.0 | 74 | 128.8 | |
Tokyo | Japan | East Asia | 1,900 (2007)[39] | 1,617 | 1,479 | 1,874.7 | 1,997.5[40] |
Toronto | Canada | North America | 323[41] | 276.3 | 253 | 270.0 | |
Tulsa | United States | North America | 55.959 (2014)[9] | 48.6 | 46.4[42] | ||
Turin | Italy | Southern Europe | 78.8 | 68 | |||
Uberlandia | Brazil | South America | 14.728 (2011)[10] | ||||
Valencia | Spain | Southern Europe | 52.7 | ||||
Vancouver | Canada | North America | 109.8 | 95 | |||
Vienna | Austria | Central Europe | 183.7[Note 10] | 122 | |||
Virginia Beach | United States | North America | 90.772 (2014)[9] | 92.1 | |||
Visakhapatnam | India | South Asia | 6 | 26[8] | |||
Vitória | Brazil | South America | 28.357 (2011)[10] | 35.6 | |||
Warsaw | Poland | Central Europe | 141.1 | 68 | |||
Washington | United States | North America | 471.584 (2014)[9] | 442.2 | 375 | 392.2 | |
Wuhan | China | East Asia | 231.6 | 52 | 82.2 | ||
Wuxi | China | East Asia | 211.5 | 47.0 | |||
Xiamen | China | East Asia | 76.1 | 30.4 | |||
Xian | China | East Asia | 124.2 | 31 | 40.6 | ||
Xuzhou | China | East Asia | 113.2 | 22.4 | |||
Zürich | Switzerland | Western Europe | 109.1 | 52 |
- Notes
- ↑ This includes Rotterdam
- ↑ This includes Malmö
- ↑ This includes Kitakyushu
- ↑ This includes Bradford
- ↑ Projection for 2016 based on $33 billion in 2010 and $61 for 2025. ((($61/$33)^(1/15))^6)*$33= $42,192.990 million.
- ↑ This includes Southampton
- ↑ This includes only Cologne and Bonn in the PwC study
- ↑ This includes Amsterdam
- ↑ This includes Portsmouth
- ↑ This includes Bratislava
See also
- List of countries by GDP
- List of country subdivisions by GDP over 100 billion US dollars
- List of metropolitan areas in the European Union by GDP
- List of metropolitan areas in the United States by GMP
- List of most expensive cities for expatriate employees
- List of U.S. metropolitan areas by GDP
References
- ↑ "Composition of macro geographical (continental) regions, geographical sub-regions, and selected economic and other groupings". United Nations. Retrieved 23 October 2012.
- ↑ "Global city GDP 2013-2014". Brookings Institution. Retrieved 8 May 2015.
- ↑ "Global city GDP rankings 2008-2025". Pricewaterhouse Coopers. Archived from the original on 4 May 2011. Retrieved 16 December 2009.
- ↑ "The Most Dynamic Cities of 2025". Foreign Policy. Retrieved 24 August 2012.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "2008 estimate" (xls). Office for National Statistics. 6 March 2012. Retrieved 13 August 2013.
- ↑ "Abu Dhabi Economic Report" (pdf).
- ↑ 2011-12 est. / SGSEP AUD 65,711 million according to the SGS Economics and Planning table, i.e. US$65.8 billion at current exchange rates, using the 15 June 2012 AUD/USD exchange rate used by the IMF
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 "India’s top 15 cities with the highest GDP (PPP, 2008)". Yahoo India Finance. Retrieved 28 June 2015.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 "ECONOMIC GROWTH WIDESPREAD ACROSS METROPOLITAN AREAS IN 2013. Advance 2014, and Revised 2001 – 2013 GDP-by-Metropolitan-Area Statistics" (PDF). Bureau of Economic Analysis. U.S. Department of Commerce. September 23, 2015. Retrieved 11 December 2015.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 "Posição ocupada pelos maiores municípios brasileiros em relação ao Produto Interno Bruto, Est. 2011". IBGE. 2011.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 "2005 est. / Metropolitan Area G" (PDF).
- ↑ 2011-12 est. / SGSEP AUD 131,999 million according to the SGS Economics and Planning table, i.e. US$132.2 billion at current exchange rates, using the 15 June 2012 AUD/USD exchange rate used by the IMF
- ↑ "Booming city adding £12 billion to GDP". Cambridge News. Retrieved 11 August 2008.
- ↑ "Hong Kong". International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 2 November 2014.
- ↑ "2012 est. / CIA World Factbook: Hong Kong". CIA. Retrieved 3 February 2013.
- ↑ "Lagos Gross Domestic Product" (PDF). Lagos State Government. 2010. Retrieved 16 March 2015.
- ↑ "Leicester" (PDF). Leicester and Leicestershire Enterprise Partnership. Autumn 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 August 2013.
/catid/22/ LLEP
- ↑ 2014 est. / Office for National Statistics 364.310 million GBP, i.e. US$542 billion at current exchange rates, using the 2015 pound/dollar exchange rate
- ↑ "GDP". Timetric. 1 January 2010.
- ↑ "GDP of Lyon". Insee. October 2014.
/catid/22/ LLEP
- ↑ http://www.sumutprov.go.id/untuk-dunia-usaha/perekonomian-daerah. Missing or empty
|title=
(help) - ↑ 2011-12 est. / SGSEP AUD 252,732 million according to the SGS Economics and Planning table, i.e. US$353.1 billion at current exchange rates, using the 15 June 2012 AUD/USD exchange rate used by the IMF
- ↑ "Global Cities of the Future". McKinsey. Retrieved 19 January 2016.
- ↑ "Pwc". Archived from the original on 4 May 2011.
- ↑ "2005 est. / City Mayors reviews the richest cities in the world in 2005". Citymayors.com. 2007-03-11. Retrieved 13 August 2013.
- ↑ Osaka Prefectural Internationalization Strategy Executive Committee
- ↑ 2013 est. / INSEE €631,614million according to INSEE, i.e. US$688 billion at current exchange rates, using the 2015 euro/dollar exchange rate
- ↑ 2011-12 est. / SGSEP AUD 118,464 million according to the SGS Economics and Planning table, i.e. US$118.6 billion at current exchange rates, using the 15 June 2012 AUD/USD exchange rate used by the IMF
- ↑ 2014 est. Statistics Korea via Joongang Daily 2014 average exchange rate at 1,053KRW per USD.
- ↑ "City’s GDP growth slows to 7% in 2014". www.shanghaidaily.com. Retrieved 2015-12-08.
- ↑ "2008 est. / Global woes pinch rise in city GDP". ShanghaiDaily. 22 January 2009. Retrieved 25 December 2009.
- ↑ "2011 est. / Singapore: Economic Indicators". Statistics Singapore. Retrieved 3 February 2013.
- ↑ Singapore GDP in 2011 estimate is 326.8 Billion SGD, which is equivalent to 263.6 Billion USD using 3 February 2013 exchange rate
- ↑ "2012 est. / CIA World Factbook: Singapore". CIA. Retrieved 3 February 2013.
- ↑ Hampshire County Council, 2008. Economic performance – State of the economy.
- ↑ http://international.stockholm.se/Press-and-media/Stockholm-facts/
- ↑ 2011-12 est. / SGSEP AUD 319,014 million according to the SGS Economics and Planning table, i.e. US$319.5 billion at current exchange rates, using the 15 June 2012 AUD/USD exchange rate used by the IMF
- ↑ 2009 est. Taipei city has second-highest per capita GDP in Asia
- ↑ Approx., 2007 est. / GDP of Tokyo Metropolitan Area (Prefecture of Tokyo, Kanagawa, Saitama and Chiba) is 165 trillion yen (approximately US$1.9 trillion). Cabinet Office, Government of Japan. Retrieved 8 June 2010.
- ↑ "2009 est. / World’s Largest Metropolitan Regions by LRP" (PDF). University of Toronto. Retrieved March 2009.
- ↑ http://www.greatertoronto.org/why-greater-toronto/top-ten-reasons
- ↑ 2011 est., U.S. Metro Economies by IHS Global Insight for The U.S. Conference of Mayors
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